User:Dave12121212/sandbox/2

Articles
List of Kings of Lydia

Manes of Lydia

Atys of Lydia

Tyllus

Halie

Lydus

Tyrrhenus

Genealogy
The genealogy of _____ is as follows:

(This is according primarily to the version given by Dionysius of Halicarnassus, secondarily to that given by Herodotus.)

Primary
(See Grimal (Manes); (Tyrrhenus); (Sardo); (Callirhoe); (Lydus); for more) (cite specific place within herodotus 1.94; change dionysius to bill thayer rather than topostext)


 * Herodotus, Histories 1.94, 1.7.3, 4.45.3, 7.74.1.
 * Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 1.27.1-1.28.2.
 * Strabo, Geography 5.2.2.
 * Tacitus, Annals 4.55.
 * Xanthus: Lydiaca. (See dionysius of halicarnassus 1.28.2)

Secondary

 * Rawlinson, "On the Early Chronology and History of Lydia", in the 1893 book The History of Herodotus, pp. 284-293.
 * Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography: "Lydia"
 * Grimal, s.v. Manes, s.v. Lydus, s.v. Callirhoe, s.v. Sardo, s.v. Tyrrhenus
 * Smith, s.v. Atys.
 * Tripp, s.v. Tyrrhenians.
 * Brill's New Pauly, s.v. Atys, s.v. Tyrrhenus, s.v. Lydus.
 * Oxford Classical Dictionary, s.v. Tyrrhenus.

(other Herodotus translations/commentaries - see Herodotus' page) LSJ?

Dionysius of Halicarnassus
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, in the first Book of his Roman Antiquities, makes Manes the son of Zeus and Gaia. He also puts Callithea as the mother of Atys.

This version given by Dionysius of Halicarnassus differs to that of Herodotus in that it makes Atys the grandson of Manes, rather than his son. This could have been because Herodotus's genealogy was not the full one, and this discrepancy was a mistake or alteration upon his part.

Herodotus
According to Herodotus in the first chapter of the Histories, Tyllus was the father of Halie, who married Cotys, a son of Manes, an early king of Lydia. The children of Halie and Cotys (the grandchildren of Tyllus) were Atys and Asies, after whom the Lydians claim the continent of Asia was named. Atys, after his father died, became king of Lydia. Atys had two sons, Lydus and Tyrrhenus, after whom, according to the Greeks, the Lydian people and the Tyrrhenians (the Etruscans) were named, respectively.

Herodotus then contradicts himself later on when he says "Asies, the son of Cotys, who was the son of Manes..."

Other Authors
Atys was claimed by Strabo and to have been a descendant of Heracles and Omphale.

Maeoniae
The earliest Maeonian or Lydian king mentioned by Herodotus is Manes who was the father of Atys. There was a severe famine during the reign of Atys and half of the citizens, led by Atys' son Tyrrhenus, emigrated to Italy as the Tyrrhenians. Other sources, such as Strabo, name Tmolus and his son Tantalus as kings of the region about the same time, supposedly ruling from the land about Mount Sipylus, but it is asserted that these two were the same people as Manes and Atys, especially as Omphale is a member of both families. Dionysius of Halicarnassus instead puts Cotys as the son of Manes, and as the father of Atys.

The known legendary kings are:


 * Manes
 * Atys, son of Manes
 * Lydus, son of Atys
 * Iardanus

Herodotus says that Lydus gave his name to the country and its people. The line of Lydus continued through an unstated number of generations until they, as Herodotus says, "turned over the management of affairs to the Heraclids". He adds that the Heraclids in Lydia were the descendants of Heracles and a slave-girl belonging to Iardanus; the line was from Heracles through Alcaeus, Belus and Ninus to Agron who was the first Heraclid king of Lydia.

= Atys of Lydia =

Atys (Ancient Greek: Ἄτυς) is a legendary figure of the 2nd millennium BC who is attested by Herodotus to have been an early king of Lydia, then probably known as Maeonia. He was the son of Manes and the father of Lydus, after whom the Lydian people were later named.

Herodotus recounts that Maeonia was beset by severe famine during Atys' reign. To help them endure hunger, the Maeonians developed various expedients including dice, knucklebones and ball games. The idea was that they would eat every other day only. On the interim days when they fasted, they would play games all day to distract their minds from hunger. Herodotus says they lived like that for eighteen years. Eventually, Atys decided to halve the population, one half to remain in Maeonia and the other half to leave and found a colony elsewhere. Lots were drawn and Atys appointed himself to stay while one of his sons, Tyrrhenus, led the colonists to Umbria where they settled and became known as Tyrrhenians.

The native Greco-Lydian historian Xanthus, who wrote in Ionian Greek slightly after Herodotus on the history of Lydia known as Lydiaca (Λυδιακά), though his work survives only in fragments, also affirmed that King Atys was father to two sons, Lydus and Torubus, who he says parted company, splitting the Maeonian nation into two, Lydians and "Torubians".

Atys was claimed by Strabo and to have been a descendant of Heracles and Omphale.