User:DavidAnstiss/Bartalinia

Bartalinia is a genus of fungi in the family Sporocadaceae.

Biagio Bartalini (1746–1822), Italian physician and botanist

Bartalinia Tassi, Bulletin Labor. Orto Bot. de R. Univ. Siena 3: 4 (1900)

MycoBank number: MB 7327; Index Fungorum number: IF 7327; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00659; ), 7 species with sequence data.

Type species – Bartalinia robillardoides Tassi

(Monsieur) ... Robillard (19. Jahrh.) schweizer bank employee, war aus Genf, Bankkollege und Freund von → Jean Louis Martin Castagne (1785 - 1858), begleitete ihn beim Pflanzensammeln in der Region Marseille, bestimmte mit ihm ein Genus und mehrere Arten, die → Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in seinem Werk 'Flore française ...' dann veröffentlichte _____ (Robill.) Robillarda Castagne 1845 (Fungi) → Cat. Pl. Marseille 205. 1845 _____ Jean Louis Martin Castagne ... 'Je dédie ce genre à M. Robillard de Genève, mon ami, et autrefois le compagnon de mes herborisations dans le territoire de Marseille; il est peu de sites mentionnés dans ce Catalogue que nous n'ayons visités ensemble; c'était à l'époque où M. de Candolle faisait paraître ses travaux sur la Flore de la France. M. Robillard et moi nous fûmes assez heureux pour faire connaître un genre et quelques espèces de phanérogames encore non décrits et que cet illustre savant publia dans ses ouvrages.' Robillarda Sacc. 1880 (Fungi) → Michelia 2(6): 8. 1880 _____ Pier Andrea Saccardo ... ersetzt Robillarda Castagne, ist ohne eigene etymologische Erklärung (non Robillarda Castagne, Cat. Pl. Marseille: 205 (1845). [MycoBank #9758] (nom. rej.))

Notes – Bartalinia was established by Tassi (1990) and is characterized by 3–4-septate conidia (Nag Raj 1993). They occur as saprobes on various shrubs and trees and are often associated with leaf spots, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016b, Wijayawardene et al. 2017a, Phookamsak et al. 2019,

Farr & Rossman 2019).

Bartalinia is morphologically distinct from the other Sporocadaceous genera by its conidial characters.

They have also been recorded in freshwater (Nguyen et al. 2019).

Species Bartalinia robillardoides has been reported to produce taxol, an anticancer drug. Several types of compounds have been investigated from Bartalinia robillardoides strain LF550, such as three new chloroazaphilones (secondary metabolites) named helicusin E, isochromophilone X, and isochromophilone XI, which expressed antimicrobial activity towards Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus lentus, Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Septoria tritici and also inhibited enzymes PDE4 and AChE.

History
The genus was originally placed in the Sporocadaceae family, then it was moved to family Amphisphaeriaceae  in 1887. Then placed in Bartaliniaceae family by Senanayake et al. (2015), but the fungal sequence dataset used was largely incomplete and some of the introduced families were not well supported statistically. So the Bartaliniaceae family was later synonymized back under Sporocadaceae by Jaklitsch et al. (2016b).

The genus Bartalinia, which belongs to the class Sordariomycetes, order Amphisphaeriales, and family Bartaliniaceae, was established by Tassi (1900), with the type species Bartalinia robillardoides.

It is characterized by the production of fusiform conidia with an acute or blunt apex and having three to four septate.

Endophytic fungi in plant tissues produce a wide range of secondary metabolites and enzymes, which exhibit a variety of biological activities. In the present study, litter endophytic fungi were isolated from a fire-prone forest and screened for thermostable cellulases. two isolates, Bartalinia pondoensis and Phoma sp., showed the maximum cellulase activity.

Fungi in the Sporocadaceae (e.g. Bartalinia, Pestalotia, Pestalotiopsis, Robillarda, Seimatosporium, Seiridium and Truncatella) possess common asexual morphological characters related to their acervular conidiomata, conidiogenesis and conidia.

Hosts
Species of the genus have frequently been isolated from the leaves, stems of medicinal plants, or the dead aerial spines of Rosa canina, (i.e. Bartalinia rosicola).

In 2016, Bartalinia robillardoides was reported as leaf spot on Parthenocissus quinquefolia in China.

In 2021, Bartalinia robillardoides was found as a host causing foliar lesions on Phoenix reclinata in Lisbon, Portugal.

Bartalinia robillardoides has also been found in South Africa on Cupressus lusitanica and Scadoxus puniceus, in Italy on Leptoglossus occidentalis and in Australia on various Eucalyptus'' species. Bartalinia bella has been found in South Africa	on Maytenus abbottii. While, Bartalinia pini has been found in Uganda on Pinus patula and in USA on Acacia koa.

Microbial studies of the Mediterranean sponge Tethya aurantium led to the isolation of the fungus Bartalinia robillardoides strain LF550.

In 2020 a new species was found and collected in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. Bartalinia kevinhydei, this was the first report of a Bartalinia species growing on teak (Tectona grandis) as leaf-spots, and it was also the first report for Bartalinia in Thailand.

In 2009, 30 endophytic Pestalotiopsis strains and two Bartalinia robillardoides strains have been isolated from the inner bark, roots and twigs of the medicinal plants Azadirachta indica, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia chebula which were growing on riverbanks in India. Bartalinia robillardoides was only found on Azadirachta indica.

Bartalinia pondoensis has been found on Citrus x aurantium L. Bartalinia pini has been found the diseased leaves of Castanea henryi in China.

Distribution
It is has a cosmopolitan distribution, worldwide, except for the North and South poles. This includes USA, Portugal, Italy, Uganda, South Africa, Russia (the Altai Mountains), India, Korea (and the Nakdong river, ) Thailand, China, New Zealand, and Australia.

Examples; species Bartalinia goniolimonis was found as leaf spots on Goniolimon speciosum plants and also fungus Septoriella viciae (in Phaeosphaeriaceae family) was found as leaf spots on Vicia unijuga), both were collected from the montane forests and steppes of the Altai Mountains in Russia.

Species
In 2016, there were 17 accepted species in this genus, by 2020 that had risen to 21 morphological species. List (of 25 species, in 2023) as accepted by Species Fungorum;


 * Bartalinia adonidiae
 * Bartalinia ananatis
 * Bartalinia begoniae
 * Bartalinia bidenticola
 * Bartalinia bischofiae
 * Bartalinia bombacicola
 * Bartalinia caryotae
 * Bartalinia cunninghamiicola
 * Bartalinia dracaenae
 * Bartalinia goniolimonis
 * Bartalinia kevinhydei
 * Bartalinia kunmingensis
 * Bartalinia lateripes
 * Bartalinia laurina
 * Bartalinia mellea
 * Bartalinia muehlenbeckiae
 * Bartalinia nervisequa
 * Bartalinia pini
 * Bartalinia pistacina
 * Bartalinia pondoensis
 * Bartalinia robillardoides
 * Bartalinia rosicola
 * Bartalinia tamarindi
 * Bartalinia terricola
 * Bartalinia triseptata

Former species;
 * B. bella = Truncatella bella, Sporocadaceae
 * B. nolinae = Alpakesa nolinae, (unplaced) Ascomycota
 * B. themedae = Libartania themedae, (unplaced) Helotiales