User:DavidAnstiss/Corylus sieboldiana

Corylus sieboldiana (Asian beaked hazel) is a species of hazelnut found in north-eastern Asia and Japan. It is a small tree or shrub with

It has 2 known varieties, Corylus sieboldiana var. mandshurica (the Manchurian hazelnut) and Corylus sieboldiana'' var. sieboldiana (the Japanese hazel).

The flowers have triangular shaped petals. The round nuts which are encased in a very tough oval shaped shell and can be consumed by humans. The plant is not commercially grown for the nuts, rather they are sometimes used as ornamental plants. They are located in Western Guizhou, Hubei, South Western and Western Sichuan, and Western Yunnan. (from Corylus yunnanensis)

Description


Corylus sieboldiana, Asian Beaked Hazel or Tsunohassibami (scientific name: Corylus sieboldiana) is a deciduous shrub of the betulaceae. Inflorescences Unisexual flowers is obana inflorescences the small bracts overlapping. Leaf length is 6 to 10 cm, slender leaves, many with heavy serrated, leaf is the leaf margin. Kaho and bloom in the spring, that culminated in the fall of a pinecone-shaped, oblong. Fruit panicle length is 4-5 cm, Spike color is pale yellow-green.

Common name: Corylus sieboldiana, scientific name: Corylus sieboldiana, aka: nagahassibami, Asian Beaked Hazel, life type: deciduous broad-leaved tree, height: 4-5 m, leaf length: cm, leaf color, leaf shape: oval, leaf length: 5-10 cm, leaf margin, heavily serrated, leaf veins: clear, leaf arrangement: alternate, Monoecious, Unisexual flowers, Flower color: Tan, male flowers form small bracts overlapping catkins, male: cm long inflorescence, pistillate inflorescences: capitate stigma color: Red flowering: March-April, type fruit, nuts, fruiting period: 9-10-fruit length: 1-1.5 cm, edible fruit color: Tan, fruit.

shrubby asian hazelnut, similarities to north american spe corylus cornuta

differences mandshurica has long up to 6cm, less constricted tubular husks, and leaves that are more cordate, more coarse serrated and more lobed. the plants are medium to large shrubs to 5m, long husks are tubular, 1.5 to 4cm long, tightly constricted above the nut, densely covered with bristles. Nuts can be harvested locally from wild shrubs

husks covered with bristly hairs (similarly to Corylus cornuta and Corylus californica). leaves are elliptical downy on the undersides, have a central red patch. conical nuts occur in clusters of one to nine in very long tubular husks. nuts mature very late

Shrubs to 6 m tall; bark gray-brown, fissured. Branchlets pubescent, villous, stipitate glandular, glabrescent. Petiole 1-2 cm, slender, pubescent, villous, stipitate glandular; leaf margin regularly acute-serrate elliptic or oval leaves with more or less gradually pointed at the apex, 5-12m × 5-12cm, lateral veins (7) 8-9(12) on each side of midvein. Male inflorescences 2-4 in a cluster; peduncle short; bracts ovate-triangular, densely pubescent. Female flowers 2-4 in a cluster; tubular bracts shallowly divided into lobes, bract lobes (0) 2-6(8) mm long, narrower tube of involucre 2-8 mm width. male inflorescence 2-5. nut ovoid, 15-20 mm wide.

Flowering March

shrub up to 15 ft high, with elliptic to obovate double and slightly lobed leaves, 2-4 inches long, often with a purple blotch in the middle. The tubular involucre covered with bristly hairs, is 1 to 2 inches long and encloses the edible nut

Taxonomy
It is commonly known as Asian beaked hazel, Japanese Hazel or Japanese Filbert and Manchurian hazel. (See below)

The Latin specific epithet sieboldiana refers to German physician and botanist Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796-1866).

It was then first described and published by Carl Ludwig Blume in his book, "Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum sive stirpium Exoticarum" (Mus. Bot.) Volume 1 on page 310 in 1851.

It is listed in the Encyclopedia of Life, and is accepted by the RHS.

It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 10 August 1998.

It has 2 known varieties;
 * Corylus sieboldiana var. mandshurica (Maxim.) C.K.Schneid., (also the Manchurian hazelnut, or Manchurian filbert ) which was published in Plantae Wilsonianae. An Enumeration of the Woody Plants Collected in Western China for the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University... Cambridge, MA. (edited by C.S.Sargent) Vol.2 on page 454 in 1916 and its native range is from SE. Siberia to N. & Central Japan.
 * Corylus sieboldiana var. sieboldiana (also the Japanese hazel ), its native range is S. Korea and Japan.

5. Corylus sieboldiana Blume – Asian beaked hazel, Japanese hazel. Corylus sieboldiana var. mandshurica Distribution: SE. Siberia, China  to  N.  &  Central  Japan  (Amur,  Chita,  Japan, Khabarovsk, Korea, Manchuria, Primorye) Corylus sieboldiana var. sieboldiana Distribution: S. Korea, Japan. It inhabits forests and thickets of temperate climate, at 400-2600 m a.s.l. Literature: Govaerts, R. (2003).

Distribution and habitat
C. sieboldiana is native to temperate area of Asia. Stretching from Russian Siberia through China to Japan and Korea.

Range
It is found in Russia, (within the regions of; Siberia, Khabarovsk, Primorye, and Amur, ) in China, (within the Provinves of; Heilongjiang, Henan, Hebei, Gansu, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Nei Mongol Zizhiqu ) in Japan,  (in the provinces of Hokkaidô and Honshu]) and Korea.

Habitat
It grows in mixed forests and open sites. On the Japanese island of Shikoku, it grows on sunny mountains. In Korea, C. sieboldiana var mandshurica only occurs in mountain elevations above 200m.

Cultivation
It is affected by plant pathogens such as microsphaera alni, and pucciniastrum coryli. Allthough C. mandshurica is highly resistant to Eastern filbert blight.

Needs fertile soil rich in organic matter, good soil moisture and high humidity

C. sieboldiana is not often used in breeding programs. Not used in breeding because of the closed husks and smaller nuts compared to c. heterophylla.

it is able to survive a frigid winter of -48°C compared to Corylus avellana.

Uses
The nuts of all Corylus species are edible.

Use from the tightness of Park trees and wood used in building materials and furniture.