User:DavidAnstiss/Phaeomoniellales

The Phaeomoniellales are an order of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. It is comprised primarily of endophytes and plant pathogens. It also contains endolichenic fungi (ELF). It is sister to the clade that includes Verrucariales and Chaetothyriales.

It has 2 known families;
 * Celotheliaceae (with 40 species, including Celothelium)
 * Phaeomoniellaceae (with 15 species, including Phaeomoniella)

The order of Phaeomoniellales was established that includes fungi closely related to Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, a phytopathogen assumed to be the main causal agent of the two most destructive grapevine trunk diseases or Petri disease and esca. Other species of this order are reported as pathogens of other economically important fruit crops, such as olive, peach, apricot, cherry, plum, rambutan, lychee or langsat. All the endophytes within this order were mostly isolated from leaves of gymnosperms.

Molecular clock calculations have pointed to the fact that this order was formed when gymnosperm diversification.

Sesquiterpenes and polyketides metabolites are found in Picea rubens endophytes Phaemoniella.