User:DavidAnstiss/Tulipa montana

Tulipa montana, commonly known as mountain tulip,

Description
Other common names mountain tulip

Synonyms Tulipa chrysantha Tulipa wilsoniana

Family Liliaceae

Genus Tulipa are bulbous perennials with characteristic flowers, in a wide range of colours, in spring

Details T. montana is a low-growing perennial bulb, to around 20cm tall, with glaucous leaves and cup-shaped red spring flowers with a greenish-black central blotch and yellow anthers

Tulipa montana Lindl., syn. Tulipa wilsoniana Hoog, grows wild in the mountains southeast of the Caspian Sea and in Iran. It has crimson flowers with a small black blotch in the center and yellow anthers. In the wild there are also yellow forms

Neat scarlet flowers Apr, 15cm.

Hardiness H7 (below -20C)

Taxonomy
The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or coming from mountains.

Bot. Reg. 13: t. 1106 1828

Bot. Reg. 13: t. 1106. 1827 06-août-2013 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last Changed: 05-août-1994 Common names: bergtulpan (Source: Vara kulturvaxt namn) - Swedish

Tulipa montana Lindl., Bot. Reg. 13: t. 1106 (1827). The Botanical Register Botanical Register; Consisting of Coloured Figures of Exotic Plants Cultivated in British Gardens; with their History and Mode of Treatment. London

The mountain tulip, was introduced from Persia in 1826 and is a foot high and scarlet flowered and blooms in july

The opinion of Van Raamsdonk and De Vries (1995) is followed here, and T. batalinii and the yellow form of T. montana Hort. are treated as T. linifolia. T. linifolia differs from T. montana by its more numerous (7–9), more linear leaves, crowded at the base, and they have a low crossibility (Van Raamsdonk and De Vries 1995). Several forms of T. linifolia were in culture in the Netherlands but only the one that provided the largest number of new bulbs each year has survived (W. Lemmers, personal communication).

The references to T. montana [often described as var. julia (K. Koch) Baker] in Turkey, Lebanon, and Syria should be referred to T. julia K. Koch or T. systola Stapf, both distinguished by having a substantially higher amount of nuclear DNA.

Montana Tulip, Mountain Tulip Genus:	Tulipa (TOO-li-pa) (Info) Species:	montana (MON-tah-nuh) (Info) Height: 6-12 in. (15-30 cm) Spacing: 3-6 in. (7-15 cm) Hardiness: USDA Zone 4a: to -34.4 °C (-30 °F) - USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F) Sun Exposure: Full Sun

Danger: Parts of plant are poisonous if ingested

Handling plant may cause skin irritation or allergic reaction

Bloom Color: Scarlet (dark red)

Bloom Time: Late Spring/Early Summer Soil pH requirements: 6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic)

6.6 to 7.5 (neutral) Propagation Methods: By dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs (including offsets)

Seed Collecting: Allow pods to dry on plant; break open to collect seeds

Deepest blood-red cup-shaped flowers on short stems open in earliest spring. Growing wild on the stony hills of North West Iran, it is happy in cold gardens, but like most wild tulips it is best kept in a well-drained spot in the summer. There is no need to lift it as it will happily grow, and indeed spread, in the same position for many years. Richard Wilford in his indispensible book "Tulips" writes “This really is one of the most alluring of the smaller tulip species.”

SOWING ADVICE Sow seeds at any time covering them with compost or grit 5mm deep, in a cool, well-lit spot outdoors. Artificial heat is not needed and can prevent germination. Many species will only germinate in the spring after a good chilling or freezing in the moist seed tray in the winter. Grow on seedlings in small pots before planting out into sharply draining compost in a pot, or the open ground in a well-drained spot.

T. montana and its yellow-flowered variant, T. montana var. chrysantha, grow on the sunny, dry, rocky slopes of the Zagros, Kopet Dag and Elburz Mountains in Iran. The locals have many names for them. Those same names are used for other plants growing in other areas, making it difficult for botanists to know exactly what they will find when they go hunting.

Distribution and habitat
It is native to temperate Asia and Europe.

Range
It is found in Iran Plant range N Iraq to Iran

Distributional Range:

Native

Asia-Temperate MIDDLE ASIA: Turkmenistan (s.) WESTERN ASIA: Iran

Other Sources

 * Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 (Vara kulturvaxt namn)
 * Christenhusz, M. J. M. et al. 2013. Tiptoe through the tulips – cultural history, molecular phylogenetics and classification of Tulipa (Liliaceae) Bot. * J. Linn. Soc. 172:317.
 * Raamsdonk, L. W. D. van & T. de Vries 1995. Species relationships and taxonomy in Tulipa subg. Tulipa (Liliaceae) Pl. Syst. Evol. 195:37.
 * Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963- (F Iran)
 * Walters, S. M. et al., eds. European garden flora. 1986- (Eur Gard F)