User:David Kernow/François-Marie Barthélemy

François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy

http://www.archontology.org/nations/france/france_state1/barthelemy.php

François-Marie Barthélemy b. 20 Oct 1747, Aubagne, Bouches-du-Rhône d. 3 Apr 1830, Paris

Title: 	Membre du Directoire exécutif de la République française (Member of the Executive Directory of the French Republic)

Term: 	26 May 1797 - 5 Sep 1797

Chronology: 	24 May 1797, ten candidates for election of a member of the Directoire exécutif (Executive Directory) nominated by the Conseil des Cinq-Cents (Council of Five Hundred) and the list passed to the Conseil des Anciens (Council of Ancients) [1]

26 May 1797, elected and proclaimed member of the Executive Directory by the Council of Ancients, session of the Council, salle des Machines, Palais des Tuileries, Paris [2]

6 Jun 1797, installed as a member of the Directory, meeting of the Executive Directory, Palais du Luxembourg, Paris [3, vol II, p. 23], [4], [5] 5 Sep 1797, condemned to exile by Art. XIII of the Law on Public Salvation passed by the Council of Ancients [6] [7]; membership in the Directory implicitly revoked Names/titles: 	Comte Barthélemy, comte de l'Empire (count Barthélemy, as count of the Empire) [from 26 Apr 1808]; marquis de Barthélemy (marquis of Barthélemy) [from 2 May 1818] Biography:

Nephew of popular author and archaeologist Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, who helped him to receive a job in the foreign affairs department; served on diplomatic missions in Sweden, Switzerland and Great Britain; appointed minister to the Swiss cantons (1791-1797) and was instrumental in negotiating the Treaties of Basel (1795) with Prussia, Spain and Hessen; elected (26 May 1797) member of the Directoire exécutif (Executive Directory) to replace Étienne-François Le Tourneur; was a moderate democrat with royalist leanings, sided with of Lazare Carnot; arrested during the coup d'état of 18 Fructidor, Year V (4 Sep 1797); condemned to exile and expelled from the Directory (5 Sep 1797); deported to French Guiana, escaped to the United States and then moved to Great Britain; put on the lists of émigrés and could not return to France until the coup of 18 Brumaire (9 Nov 1799); during the Consulate was named a member of the Sénat conservateur (24 Jan 1800) and a commander in the Legion of Honor (2 Oct 1803); created count of the Empire (26 Apr 1808); as vice president of the Sénat, presided at the meeting of this body, which voted the deposition of Napoléon I (2 Apr 1814); went over to the Bourbons; appointed to the committee on drafting the Constitutional Charter (1814); created a peer of France (4 Jun 1814); after the second Restoration entered the Chambre des pairs (Chamber of Peers); appointed minister of state (5 Oct 1815) and created marquis (2 May 1818). Biography source: [6]

Sources and notes:

[1] 	Gazette nationale ou Le Moniteur universel, No. 249, 9 prairial an V.

[2] 	Bulletin des lois de la République, No. 124, pp. 15-16.

[3] 	Les procès-verbaux du Directoire exécutif, an V - an VIII. Inventaire des registres des delibérations et des minutes des arrêtés, lettres et actes du Directoire faisant suite au Recueil des actes du Directoire exécutif d'Antonin Debidour, ed. by Pierre-Dominique Cheynet (Paris: Centre historique des Archives nationales, 2000-).

[4] 	Gazette nationale ou Le Moniteur universel, No. 260, 20 prairial an VI.

[5] 	Neither the Constitution of the Year III, nor the Law of 30 floréal of the Year V provided a rule for determining the beginning of a director's term. Barthélemy, who was absent from France, could not be installed immediately upon his nomination (aussitôt après sa nomination) as required by the Law of 30 floréal.

[6] 	Corps législatif: Procès-verbal des séances du Conseil des Anciens (Paris: Imprimerie nationale), Fructidor, an V, p. 304.

[7] 	Bulletin des lois de la République, No. 142, p. 11.

[8] 	Dictionnaire des parlementaires français: depuis le 1er mai 1789 jusqu'au 1er mai 1889, ed. by Adolphe Robert, Edgar Bourloton, Gaston Cougny (Paris: Bourloton, 1889-1891).

Britannica 1911: http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/BAR_BEC/BARTHELEMY_FRANCOIS_MARQUIS_DE_.html

http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Barth%E9lemy,+Fran%E7ois,+marquis+de

Barthélemy, François, marquis de, 1747?–1830, French statesman. While minister to Switzerland, he negotiated the Treaties of Basel (1795), which took Prussia and Spain out of the French Revolutionary Wars. Elected to the Directory (1797)...
 * Directory, group of five men who held the executive power in France according to the constitution of the year III (1795) of the French Revolution. They were chosen by the new legislature, by the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients; each year one director, chosen by lot, was to be replaced.

.....he was arrested in the coup of 18 Fructidor (Sept. 4, 1797)...
 * Fructidor (frŭk`tĭdôr, Fr. früktēdôr`), 12th month of the French Revolutionary calendar. The coup of 18 Fructidor (Sept. 4, 1797), in which General Augereau was a key figure, annulled the previous elections and removed Lazare Carnot and François de Barthélemy from the Directory.

.....and was deported to French Guiana. He soon escaped, returned to France, and supported Napoleon. In 1814 he went over to the Bourbons, who raised him to the peerage.