User:Days for archaeology/砂場

Tondabayashi Jinaimachi(富田林寺内町) is a popular name of the old temple-based town(Jinaimachi) located in Tondabayashi City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the Important Preservation Districts for Groups of Traditional Buildings as Tondabayashi-shi Tondabayashi(富田林市富田林重要伝統的建造物群保存地区). The town has remains of old town blocks formed at the Sengoku period, and a number of old machiyas(traditional wooden town residences) builted from the mid-Edo period onward. The large portion of the historical townscape was selected in 1997 as an Important Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings. In 2018, the rest of the area was added.

Geography
Tondabayashi Jinaimachi is located at the center of the city, on a fluvial terrace at left bank of the Ishi river and the midstream. Most of old town area fall within the jurisdiction of Tondabayashi-cho(富田林町), rest of the area is in Hon-machi(本町). Tondabayashi-cho adhere fundamentally to the old town since edo piriod.

The town has an area of 12.9 hectares. It was formed in an ellipsoidal form, measuring 400m from east to west and 350m from north to south. The town layout was designed with a grid plan, which consists of 6 streets in a north-south direction, 7 streets in a east-west direction in the town. There are 25 quadrilateral town blocks in center, and 16 irregular town blocks in the outer edge.

The relative elevation is about 10m from the river to the town. it used a natural terrace cliff to construct the Earthworks(土居, doi) with bamboo groves at the eastern, southern and western edge of the town, digged the moat(堀割, horiwari) at the northern edge.

History
About 1558(Eiroku 1), Kosho-ji temple obtained a wasteland of the Tonda(富田) for temple grounds. Kosho-ji temple cooperated with 8 headmans(八人衆) to construct a branch temple, town blocks, residences and dry fields. They changed name of Jinaimachi to Tondabayashi(富田林).

In sengoku period, Kosho-ji branch temple(興正寺別院) and Jinaimachi were granted privileges and immunities by authorities. Town peoples governed autonomously against a background of religious authority of Kosho-ji temple.

Over edo piriod, though the town forfeited privileges and immunities in early edo piriod, the town had been developed as Zaigoumachi(在郷町, merchant town in country side). Many peoples came out from surrounding villages, the town prospered with wealthy merchants who deal in lumber, cotton, rapeseed oil, and sake.

After Meiji Restoration, the town continued to prosper as the poltical and commercial center of southern Kawachi. From latter Meiji period onward, the town headed gradually decline on the grounds of a opening of railway, land reform, motorization. As a result of that it was left out of postwar development, the town bring down old townscape.

Temples

 * Kosho-ji branch temple
 * Myokei-ji temple
 * Jokoku-ji temple

Machiyas

 * Old Sugiyama family residence
 * Nakamura family residence

Modern architectures

 * Nakauchi ophthalmic clinic

Notable people

 * Tsuyuko Isonokami