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Jeong In-gwa (January 9, 1888 – 1972) was the president of the Presbyterian Church of Korea in Japanese colonial era and the president of the Christian Newspaper Association He was a pastor of Presbyterian Church in Korea, and his real name was Jeong Eui-jong (name before his change of name), and his hometown was Eunsan-myeon, Suncheon-gun, Pyeongannam-do.

The early years
Born in Suncheon, Pyeongannam-do, he graduated from Soongsil Middle School and Soongsil Technical School in Pyongyang. He studied theology in the United States in 1913 and graduated from San Francisco Seminary in San Anselmo, California in 1921.

Provisional Government Activities
At the end of the seminary in the United States, the March 1st Movement took place, and immediately a provisional government of the Republic of Korea was established in Shanghai. As a result, overseas Korean organizations will also send representatives to the provisional government, and in North America, Ahn Chang-ho as a correspondent and Jeong In-gwa and Hwang Jin-nam as attendants to Shanghai. Ahn Chang-ho served as the interior minister of the provisional government, and Jeong In-gwa and Hwang Jin-nam were appointed as interim government representatives through a meeting of the provisional councilors.

Since then, he has served as vice chairman of the Provisional Council and deputy foreign minister in the provisional government, but as conflicts between various factions within the provisional government have been revealed and the prospects have become uncertain, more and more people have left. Jeong In-gwa also returned to the U.S. after resigning as a member of the provisional parliament and vice foreign minister in 1920. After his return to the United States, he continued his studies at Princeton Theological Seminary in 1922, received a bachelor's degree in literature from Princeton University in 1923, and went to Columbia University to study pedagogy.

In 1924, Jeong In-gwa returned to Korea after about 11 years of studying abroad and temporary government activities. Due to the history of the temporary government's activities, the Japanese police classified Jeong In-gwa as a person to watch, and he/she was detained on charges of violating the security law, taking issue with the lecture in Seongjin, Hamgyeongbuk-do. At that time, Suncheon Police Station in Suncheon, Pyeongnam, his hometown with Jeongin, evaluated that he had the anti-Japanese thought and that there was a concern about a secret association.

The end of the Japanese occupation
In 1937, just before the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, the situation was strained, and the Suyangdong Association incident occurred. Before invading China in earnest, Japan began to suppress groups on the national improvementist line, which had been condoned to some extent after the March 1st Movement, when many intellectuals turned over. Jeong In-gwa was arrested as a leading figure of the Suyang Dongwoo Association, which is affiliated with Ahn Chang-ho, but was also arrested in this case and released after accepting the conciliations of Oh Moon-hwan, who converted, and later began full-fledged pro-Japanese activities.

Presbyterian Church, which belonged to Jeong In-gwa, officially resolved to visit the shrine in 1938, and in the following year, formed an organization called the National Spiritual Mobilization of the Presbyterian Church of Korea to support organized war and promote Hwang Min-hwa. Of course, there were voices of resistance based on the order of prohibition of idol worship of the Ten Commandments, such as Pastor Ju Ki-cheol and Pastor Han Sang-dong, but they were suppressed by imprisonment and dismissal from the ministry. In the Presbyterian Church, the Central Committee of the General Assembly was organized to efficiently carry out pro-Japanese activities.

Jeong In-gwa was sworn in as general secretary. Jeong In-gwa also participated as a member of the Culture Ministry of the National All-out Chosun Federation, which was formed by figures from all walks of life, and actively engaged in pro-Japanese activities by publishing articles on the conversion of Korean Christianity to Japanese Christianity in Maeil Sinbo, attending a forum hosted by Dongyangjigwang, and contributing to "Jogwang."

Encouraging the payment of defense donations, he also organized an organization called the Joseon Presbyterian Patriotic Flag Dedication Association to serve as chairman.

The Japanese imperial government arrested Jeong Tae-eung, secretary of the Korean Bible Society, on espionage charges, handed over the Bible Society to Jeong In-gwa, or closed all Christian media, and appointed Jeong In-gwa as the chairman of the Christian Newspaper Association.

The Christian newspaper published its first issue on Ceiling Day in 1942, and Jeong In-gwa stated that the purpose of the newspaper's publication was to "contribute to the Japanese progress of Korean Peninsula Christianity."

The arrest of the Anti-Communist Special Committee
Due to these activities, Jeong In-gwa was criticized as a representative pro-Japanese pastor, and after liberation from Japanese colonial rule, he was the first Protestant pastor to be arrested by the Anti-People's Special Committee. The activities of the Anti-People's Special Committee were released in the process of being hindered by the first President Syngman Rhee, who colluded with pro-Japanese groups. However, due to excessive pro-Japanese activities, investigators of the Anti-People's Special Committee gave Jeong In-gwa the nickname of "Jewa of Korea" after he was originally one of the 12 apostles who followed Jesus and later betrayed him.

After death
Other sections of the 708-member pro-Japanese group list announced in 2002, religious sections of the pro-Japanese biographical dictionary released in 2008, and 705-member pro-Japanese anti-ethnic activities announced by the pro-Japanese anti-ethnic activities committee in

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 * Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
 * Suyang Dongwoo Association incident
 * Christian newspaper