User:Dean Turbo/languages

Key

 * &dagger; significant study
 * x/5 difficulty for a native English speaker
 * ✅ do more

Language features
Yes, no, hello, goodbye, my name is, I understand a little [language], Mr., Mrs., ...
 * Example vocabulary

SOV, etc.
 * Word order

Indo-European
See Indo-European tree.

Armenian

 * Eastern Armenian 4/5 : TBC &mdash; sounds a little like Russian, but sweeter; very unfamiliar vocabulary

Germanic

 * West Germanic
 * Anglo–Frisian
 * Anglic
 * English&dagger;
 * Low Franconian
 * Dutch 3/5 ✅
 * High German
 * German&dagger; 1/5
 * Upper German
 * Alemannic
 * Swiss German 2/5 : meen nameh ish ... &mdash; a curious mixture of French and German, sounds a little more like French, but with a trilled /r/ and a /sh/


 * North Germanic
 * East Scandinavian
 * Swedish 3/5
 * Danish 3/5
 * West Scandinavian
 * Norwegian 3/5 ✅ : &mdash; does it sound a little like Northern Irish? Viking influence?

Balto-Slavic

 * Baltic
 * Eastern Baltic
 * Lithuanian 3/5
 * Slavic
 * East Slavic
 * Russian 3/5 ✅ : &mdash; more back vowels?
 * Ukrainian 3/5 : &mdash; lots of ʋ approximants
 * West Slavic
 * Lechitic
 * Polish 3/5 : po polsku &mdash; dark-l?
 * Czech-Slovak
 * Czech 3/5
 * South Slavic
 * Western
 * Serbo-Croatian
 * Croatian 3/5 ✅ : malo razoomiem hrvatski; tsrno vino; dobar dan &mdash;

Hellenic

 * Greek 3/5 ✅ : neh, catalveno ligo eleeneeka &mdash; has a th, sounds a little like Italian but different timing, has a 'n' sounding yes and soft /g/

Celtic

 * Insular Celtic
 * Goidelic
 * Irish 3/5

Indo-Iranian

 * Nuristani
 * TBC
 * Iranian
 * Western Iranian
 * Southwestern Iranian
 * Persian 3/5 : shomo angelsi (TBC) mafahmeen &mdash; gulping sounds, SOV
 * Indo-Aryan
 * Western Indo-Aryan
 * Gujarati&dagger; 4/5 ✅
 * Central zone
 * Western Hindi
 * Khariboli
 * Hindustani
 * Standard Hindi&dagger; 4/5 ✅

Italic

 * Latino-Faliscan
 * Latin 3/5 ✅
 * Romance
 * Italo-Western
 * Italo-Dalmatian
 * Italian 3/5
 * Eastern Romance
 * Romanian, (Daco-Romanian?) 3/5 : da, intselejetsi romaneshte &mdash; sounds Slavic and Italic
 * Western Romance
 * Gallo-Iberian
 * Gallo-Romance
 * Occitano-Romance
 * Catalan 3/5
 * Gallo-Rhaetian
 * Oïl
 * French&dagger; 2/5 ✅
 * Norman
 * Jèrriais 2/5
 * Ibero-Romance
 * West Iberian
 * Spanish&dagger; 2/5 ✅
 * Galician-Portuguese
 * Portuguese (Brazilian and Continental) 3/5 : eu gostu portugeze &mdash; slightly harder sounds than Spanish

Albanian

 * Albanian 3/5

Austro-Asiatic

 * Nuclear Mon-Khmer
 * Vietic
 * Viet–Muong
 * Vietnamese 5/5 : &mdash; gulping sounds

Atlantic–Congo

 * Kwa
 * Potou–Tano
 * Tano
 * Central Tano
 * Akan 4/5 : wu te ganeni a-nah &mdash;
 * Benue–Congo
 * Bantoid
 * Bantu
 * Northeast Coast Bantu
 * Sabaki
 * Swahili 3/5 : kee swa-hee-lee

Turkic

 * Southwestern Turkic (Oghuz)
 * Western Oghuz
 * Turkish 3/5

Korean

 * Korean 4/5 : disputed classification

Tai

 * Southwestern
 * East Central
 * Chiang Saeng
 * Thai 4/5 ✅

Sinitic

 * Chinese
 * Mandarin
 * Standard Chinese 4/5
 * Yue
 * Yuehai
 * Cantonese 4/5

Malayan

 * Indonesian 4/5 : ma-af; saya mengerti bahasa indonesia &mdash; alveolar /d/, dental /t/

Semitic

 * Central Semitic
 * Arabic 5/5 : lots of difficult sounds
 * Northwest Semitic
 * Canaanite
 * Hebrew 4/5 ✅ : sleeha ... eevreet &mdash;

Japonic

 * Japanese 4/5 ✅ : wataschiwa ... on-eh-gai-shee-mas

French Creole

 * Antillean Creoles
 * Haitian Creole : ek-skee-zum, es ke oo compran creole a-ee-see-e(n)?