User:Dechao Michael Yu/sandbox

Conbercept (INN, USAN) is a biopharmaceutical drug invented and developed by Dechao Yu.[1}, approved in China for the treatment of wet macular degeneration under the trade name LouMo (朗沐). It is an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).[2]

Composition[edit] Conbercept is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-binding portions from the extracellular domains of human VEGF receptors 1 and 2, that are fused to the Fc portion of the human IgG1 immunoglobulin.[2]

Indications and administration[edit] LouMo, the formulation for the treatment of wet macular degeneration, is administered as an intravitreal injection, that is, into the eye.[3]

Adverse effects[edit] Common adverse effects of the eye formulation include conjunctival hemorrhage, eye pain, cataract, vitreous detachment, floaters, and ocular hypertension.[4]

Interactions[edit] No interactions are described for either formulation.[4]

Mechanism of action[edit] In wet macula degeneration, abnormal blood vessel grow in the choriocapillaris, a layer of capillaries in the eye, leading to blood and protein leakage below the macula.

Conbercept binds to circulating VEGFs and acts like a "VEGF trap".[2] It thereby inhibits the activity of the vascular endothelial growth factor subtypes VEGF-A and VEGF-B, as well as to placental growth factor (PGF), inhibiting the growth of new blood vessels in the choriocapillaris or the tumour, respectively.

History[edit] Dr. Yu commenced clinical testing of Conbercept in AMD in 2007.[4] In 2007, Dr. Yu started testing the compound, locally delivered, in proliferative eye diseases.[4]

Clinical trials[edit] In March 2011 Dr. Yu reported that conbercept failed its primary endpoint of significant improvement in visual acuity and reduction in retinal thickness. [4]

Approvals[edit] In November 2013 the China Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved conbercept (LouMo) for the treatment of wet macular degeneration.[5]

References [1] ZL200610066257.2. Dechao Yu. Therapeutic application of VEGF receptor in eye diseases. 2009. [2] YU DE-CHAO, Jung-Sun Lee1, Ji Young Yoo, Hyewon Shin, Hongxin Deng, Yuquan Wei, Chae-Ok Yun. Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Decoy Receptor FP3 Exerts Potent Antiangiogenic Effect. Molecular Therapy 20(5): 938-47, 2012 [3] Zhang M, Zhang JJ, Yi M, Luo D, Zhu W, Kaiser P, and YU DE-CHAO. A Phase 1 Study of KH902, a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Decoy, for Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmology 118(4):672-8, 2011 [4] Zhang M, Zhang JJ, an M, LI H, Yang C and YU DE-CHAO. Recombinant anti-vascular endothelial growth factor fusion protein efficiently suppresses choridal neovascularization in monkeys. Molecular Vision 14:37-49, 2008