User:Decurion/Legiones Cannenses

legiones Cannenses
The legiones Cannenses ("Legions of Cannae") or exercitus Cannensis ("army of Cannae") were originally survivors of the Battle of Cannae and used educated Roman legions during the Second Punic War. These legions were considered criminal units for soldiers who had failed in battle.

The survivors of the Battle of Cannae
According to Titus Livius up to 14,500 soldiers escaped from the battle of Cannae. The survivors of Cannae were sent to Sicily, where they made up tow legions and were later reinforced by the defeated survivors of the first battle of Herdonea. These troops were not released from service and were forbidden to return to Italy until the war was over. Consequently these two legions became perhaps the most experienced troops in the Roman army and served as a backbone of Scipio's African invasion force in 204 BC

Composition
These legions may not have been exclusively Roman, instead composed of a large number of Latin and Italian allies in addition to Roman soldiers. http://books.google.com/books?id=XzkY6voGtHgC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=livy+survivors+of+cannae&source=bl&ots=rfNVGgeheh&sig=1q8Cx3ZvN5KHZJN5F5cAmP5b3gE&hl=en&ei=SQu7TarrC4K8sQOPst3XBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=livy%20survivors%20of%20cannae&f=false

From the Battle of Cannae escaped several thousand Roman legionaries.

Modern research estimates their number because of the inventory according to Titus Livius to 14,500 soldiers, from which the legions were formed Cannenses. [1] Chance Cannenses is the existence of the legions in dispute. [2] [3]

In the year 215 BC was - in accordance with the then language and lists of Livy Legion - the two-army legions of legions Cannenses moved to Sicily in order to service the war to provide further his. The basis for this was probably the perjury of the survivors, their campaign prior to 216 BC filed oath not to flee or davonzuweichen, had broken. In addition, the legions were reinforced with soldiers due to their health or physical condition were not able to afford to continue to combat duty. In return combat troops were withdrawn from the regular Roman Sicily. [4] [5]

Gain the legions Cannenses

Already in 214 BC, 2,000 men were sent to Sicily, the excuse in the previous four years of war the military service, were absent, to be incorporated into the legions. In addition, the survivors may have been the Roman Herdonia first battle of 212 BC Sicily demoted after. [6] In any case, 209 BC. the 4344 survivors of the second battle of Herdonia 210 BC in Sicily offset v.. [7]

The African campaign of Scipio

After the consul Publius Cornelius Scipio v. traveled to Sicily was AD 205, from there to leave for North Africa, had improved the lot of the legions Cannenses. After Jacob Seibert were but not all the army of Scipio Cannenser incorporated in, but the reliable formed the basis of the fifth and sixth legion, which translated to North Africa Scipio. [8]

Judgement of the literature

According to Seibert presented the Cannenser as follows:

... a colorful composite of soldiers of different Provieces “ a comfortable haven for unreliable, weak, cowardly, to flee and defeats demoralized soldiers, as well as defeatists and quitters ... "

– Jakob Seibert [9] - Jakob Seibert [9]

References

1. ↑ Jakob Seibert, Forschungen zu Hannibal, S. 296. ↑ Jacob Seibert, research on Hannibal, p. 296 2. ↑ Beversdorff, Die Streitkräfte der Karthager und Römer im Zweiten Punischen Krieg, S. 37 ff. ↑ Beversdorff, the armed forces of the Carthaginians and Romans in the Second Punic War, p. 37 ff  3. ↑ Ulrich Kahrstedt, Geschichte der Karthager von 218-146 , Weidmann, Berlin 1915, S. 461. ↑ Ulrich Kahrstedt, History of the Carthaginians from 218-146, Weidmann, Berlin 1915, p. 461st 4. ↑ Seibert, Forschungen zu Hannibal, S. 297–299. ↑ Seibert, research on Hannibal, p. 297-299. 5. ↑ Nigel Bagnall, Rom und Karthago - Der Kampf ums Mittelmeer, S. 297. ↑ Nigel Bagnall, Rome and Carthage - The struggle for the Mediterranean, p. 297 6. ↑ Bagnall, Rom und Karthago, S. 314. ↑ Bagnall, Rome and Carthage, p. 314 7. ↑ Seibert, Forschungen zu Hannibal, S. 300–303. ↑ Seibert, research on Hannibal, p. 300-303. 8. ↑ Seibert, Forschungen zu Hannibal, S. 303. ↑ Seibert, research on Hannibal, p. 303 9. ↑ Seibert, Forschungen zu Hannibal, Darmstadt 1993, S. 304. ↑ Seibert, research on Hannibal, Darmstadt 1993, p. 304

References

* Nigel Bagnall: Rom und Karthago - Der Kampf ums Mittelmeer Berlin 1995. Nigel Bagnall: Rome and Carthage - the battle for Berlin Mediterranean 1995th * Gerhard Beversdorff: Die Streitkräfte der Karthager und Römer im Zweiten Punischen Krieg. Gerhard Beversdorff: The armed forces of the Carthaginians and Romans in the Second Punic War. Dissertation Berlin 1910. Dissertation Berlin 1910. * Jakob Seibert : Forschungen zu Hannibal. Jakob Seibert : research on Hannibal. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1993. Routledge, Darmstadt 1993rd

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