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Early Life
Goodall credits her mother with encouraging her to pursue a career in primatology, a male-dominated field at the time. Goodall has stated that women were not accepted in the field when she started her research in the late 1950s. Today, the field of primatology is made up almost evenly of men and women, in part thanks to the trailblazing of Goodall and her encouragement to young women to join the field.

Research at Gombe Stream National Park
Goodall discovered social awareness in chimpanzees, by observing their malleable social ranking and the chastising towards other chimps for inappropriate social behaviour. Through her research at Gombe, Goodall discovered a strong mother-child bond between chimpanzees that can span throughout the infant's life, closely resembling the trajectory of child development in humans. Goodall's work on the study of chimpanzees at Gombe Stream National Park is considered to be the longest-running continuous study of animals in their natural environment, spanning over 40 years.

Through the Jane Goodall Institute, Goodall works with vulnerable communities through community conservation programs to better their lives and improve the well-being of the wildlife surrounding them. Goodall is the first person to have done research on chimpanzees in their natural habitat and pioneered chimpanzee behavioural research.

Activism
Goodall is an outspoken environmental advocate, speaking on the effects of climate change on endangered species such as chimpanzees. Goodall, alongside her foundation, collaborated with NASA to use satellite imagery from the Landsat series to remedy the effects of deforestation on chimpanzees and local communities in Western Africa by offering the villagers information on how to reduce activity and preserve their environment.

In 1986, Goodall attended the first 'Understanding Chimpanzees' conference in Chicago where she saw disturbing footage of chimpanzees being subjected to unethical medical research and abusive training for entertainment purposes. Following this conference, she decided to shift her work from research into activism and conservation.

In 1994, Goodall founded the Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education (TACARE or "Take Care") pilot project to protect chimpanzees' habitat from deforestation by reforesting hills around Gombe while simultaneously educating neighbouring communities on sustainability and agriculture training. The TACARE project also supports young girls by offering them access to reproductive health education and scholarships to finance their college tuition.

In 1997, Goodall criticized the practice of illegal hunting and poaching of chimpanzees and gorillas in Africa and stated that it was the biggest threat to chimpanzees. She highlighted the danger of snare traps as a hunting method, often resulting in the injury or death of chimpanzees. Through her organization, Goodall instituted a snare removal program, run by members of the community and former poachers who want to atone and protect the wildlife.

In 1992, Goodall founded the Tchimpounga Chimpanzee Rehabilatation Center in the Republic of Congo to care for chimpanzees orphaned due to bush-meat trade. The rehabilitation houses over a hundred chimps over its three islands.

Goodall has also voiced her concern with logging companies building roads closer to natural habitat because their presence can transmit infectious diseases to chimpanzees that are often deadly.

Goodall has stated her opposition towards too much objectivity and detachment in science. She believes that her lack of scientific training upon her arrival in Tanzania in 1960 allowed her to study and observe chimpanzees in a more humanistic way, leading to unprecedented findings on their social behaviour.

In 2000, to ensure the safe and ethical treatment of animals during ethological studies, Goodall, alongside Professor Mark Bekoff, founded the organization Ethologists for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.

In 2008, Goodall petitioned the European Union end the use of medical research on animals and ensure more funding for alternative methods of medical research.

In 2010, Goodall, through JGI, formed a coalition with a number of organizations such as the Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS) and the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) and petitioned to list all chimpanzees including those that are captive as endangered. In 2015, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service(FWS) announced that they would accept this rule and that all chimpanzees would be classified as endangered.

In 2020, continuing her organization's work on the environment, Goodall vowed to plant 5 million trees, part of the 1 trillion tree initiative founded by the World Economic Forum.

Personal life
Although Goodall has done animal research on chimpanzees exclusively for over 60 years, she has stated that dogs are her favourite animal.

Her son Hugo, nicknamed "Grub", spent his first years at the Gombe Institute with Goodall and learned to speak Swahili. He often had to play in a cage in order to avoid the danger posed by the chimpanzees.

Honours
During August 2019, Goodall was honoured for her contributions to science with a bronze sculpture in Midtown Manhattan, alongside nine other women, part of the "Statues for Equality" project.

Awards
2017: Honorary doctorate degree in laws from University of Winnipeg

2018: Honorary doctorate degree in science from Western University.

2019: Honorary doctorate degree in science from McGill University

Films
2020: Jane Goodall: The Hope, biographical documentary film, National Geographic Studios, produced by Lucky 8