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The Human Brain Overview Control Controller of the Central & Peripheral Nervous Systems through cranial nerves and spinal cord. Regulator of all human activity Governs involuntary actions (respiration, digestion, heart rate, etc…) through autonomic nervous system. Controls complex mental activity such as thought, reasoning, and abstraction. Anatomy Forebrain Inclusive of the several lobes of the cerebral cortex, which control higher functions. Midbrain & Hindbrain Involved primarily with unconscious, autonomic functions. The Neocortex Involved in language and consciousness Accounting for ~76% of human brain mass, the process of encephalization (the progressive enlargement of the brain) is especially pronounced in the neocortex. Neurophysiology Cognitive Functions & the Mind The set of cognitive processes relative of perception, interpretation, imagination, memory, and especially language. Neocortical Capacity Emotion Extended neocortical capacity allows for some control over emotional behavior, but neural pathways between emotive centers of the brain stem and cerebral motor control areas are shorter than the ones connecting neocortical cognitive areas with sensory input from the brain stem. Emotive stability in humans links to planning, experience, and a stimulative, stable environment. Conscious Control There appears to be no localized center of conscious control. Consciousness seems to be derived from widespread interaction of the brain’s systems. Executive function relies on cerebral activity, especially of frontal lobes. Redundant and complementary processes result in a varied assignment of executive control that is difficult to attribute to a single locale. Visual perception is generally processed in the occipital lobe. The primary auditory cortex (related to audible perception) resides in temporal lobe. Midbrain Functions Routing, selecting, mapping. Cataloging of information perceived from the environment as well as information remembered and processed throughout the cerebral cortex. Endocrine activities, which play a critical role in modulating arousal of the cortex and autonomic systems.