User:Dianevanderwal/Social information processing (theory)

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1.In article: "Selective self-presentation is not as likely to occur in FtF communication as in CMC due to the ability to observe all the obvious traits in person.[ clarification needed] " Added clarification...

In textbook: "For dating site users, Walther notes that “selective self-presentation is a process that is probably very much involved in how people put together the profile” because they want people to find them attractive."

Joseph Walther, “Presentation and Perception on Online Dating Sites,” Oxford Internet Institute, December 10, 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXvWfDBPc74&t=2s, accessed April 15, 2021.

2. in article: These theories are termed cues filtered-out theories.[ citation needed] Citation...

citation... Joseph B. Walther and Malcolm R. Parks, “Cues Filtered Out, Cues Filtered In: Computer-Mediated Communication and Relationships,” in Handbook of Interpersonal Communication, 3rd ed., Mark L. Knapp and John A. Daly (eds.), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, 2002, pp. 529–563.

3. In article: The hyperpersonal perspective is more than saying that an online relationship is intimate.[ clarification needed] clarified by quote...

Reference- textbook: "Walther uses the term hyperpersonal to label online relationships that are more intimate than if partners were physically together." (page 125)

4. In article: "According to Walther, senders have the ability to present themselves in highly strategic and highly positive ways." I'd like to follow up with...

Textbook: "That’s because they can write about their most attractive traits, accomplishments, and actions without fear of contradiction from their physical appearance, their inconsistent actions, or the objections of third parties who know their dark side." (page 125)

5. In article: "Further, a receiver may experience an overreliance on the minimal cues available online and forget that the relationship he or she has with a sender is based on words.[ citation needed]" clarify with...

In textbook: "On the contrary, someone viewing an online dating profile will tend to overattribute the information on the profile and create an idealized image of the owner." (page 126)

6. In article: "Walther's research critiqued past methodological and conceptual problems with theoretical thinking.[ clarification needed]" I'd like to add...

In textbook: "Walther acknowledges online communication can be like that—impersonal and cold. But sometimes, so is face-to-face communication. At other times, face-to-face communication is warm and wonderful, and Walther believes online communication can be, too. He doesn’t think the loss of nonverbal cues is necessarily fatal or even injurious to a well-defined impression of the other or the relational development it triggers." (page 122)

7. In article: "Finally, since CMC systems are available around the globe, the uniqueness of being able to cultivate online relationships with someone who is very far away cannot be ignored." I'd like to add...

In textbook: "Beyond online dating, Walther suggests hyperpersonal communication may improve relationships between groups with a strong history of tension and conflict, such as Israeli Jews and Palestinian Muslims.(page 127) As Walther asks, “When the turban and the yarmulke need not be visible during interactions, can [similarities] be made more [meaningful] than differences?”

Joseph B. Walther, “Language and Communication Technology: An Introduction to the Special Issue,” Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol. 23, 2004, p. 393.

Add also…

Of course, online communication itself isn’t a magical cure for intergroup hostility. To ease tensions, Walther recommends focusing on common tasks rather than group differences, allowing plenty of time for communication, and exclusively using text-only channels.26

Joseph B. Walther, “Computer-Mediated Communication and Virtual Groups: Applications to Interethnic Conflict,” Journal of Applied Communication Research, Vol. 37, 2009

8. In article: Unlike some theories that are rooted in other theoretical perspectives from various fields of study (e.g., Communication Accommodation Theory), SIP was conceptualized, in part, by addressing the shortcomings of other theories that addressed communication mediums. These theories are termed cues filtered-out theories.[ citation needed] Citation...

In textbook: Before SIP, many communication theorists shared a cues filtered out interpretation of online messages. Particularly in text-based channels such as email, they believed the lack of nonverbal cues would disrupt the process of gaining information and forming an impression.7 Communicators would have little clue as to their relative status. Norms for interaction wouldn’t be clear. People would become more self-absorbed and less inhibited, leading to flaming—hostile language that zings its target and creates a toxic climate for relationship development and growth. If you’ve ever visited the comments section of a news story or YouTube video, you’ve seen such bitter communication.

See Richard L. Daft, Robert H. Lengel, and Linda Klebe Trevino, “Message Equivocality, Media Selection, and Manager Performance: Implications for Information Systems,” MIS Quarterly, Vol. 11, 1987, pp. 355–365; also Lee Sproull and Sara Kiesler, “Reducing Social Context Cues: Electronic Mail in Organizational Communication,” Managerial Science, Vol. 32, 1986

9. In article: The second assumption alludes that impression management is essential in online relationships and participants undertake efforts to ensure particular impressions. But add…

In textbook: For dating site users, Walther notes that “selective self-presentation is a process that is probably very much involved in how people put together the profile” because they want people to find them attractive.20

Joseph B. Walther, Brandon Van Der Heide, Sang-Yeon Kim, David Westerman, and Stephanie T. Tong, “The Role of Friends’ Appearance and Behavior on Evaluations of Individuals on Facebook: Are We Known by the Company We Keep?”Human Communication Research, Vol. 34, 2008

10. In article: Computer-mediated communication provides unique opportunities to connect with people.

Add somewhere, something about…

In textbook: Beyond online dating, Walther suggests hyperpersonal communication may improve relationships between groups with a strong history of tension and conflict

Joseph B. Walther, “Language and Communication Technology: An Introduction to the Special Issue,” Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol. 23, 2004

11. In article: According to Walther, "Warranting pertains to the perceived legitimacy and validity of information about another person that one may receive or observe online."

Add something about “as also indicated by researchers deandrea and carpenter…

In textbook: David DeAndrea (Ohio State University) and Christopher Carpenter (Western Illinois University) define warranting value as “the degree to which a target. . . is perceived to have manipulated, controlled, or shaped information that is about the target.”27

12. In article: These studies have found that, unlike with email, communication comes from both the owner and other users of social media and viewers do not give these two opinions equal value.[ clarification needed] Clarification...

In textbook: finding that friends’ comments overrode the profile owner’s claims when forming impressions of physical attractiveness and extraversion.

Joseph B. Walther, Brandon Van Der Heide, Lauren M. Hamel, and Hillary C. Shulman, “Self-Generated Versus Other-Generated Statements and Impressions in Computer-Mediated Communication: A Test of Warranting Theory Using Facebook,” Communication Research, Vol. 36, 2009

13. In article: Selective self-presentation is not as likely to occur in FtF communication as in CMC due to the ability to observe all the obvious traits in person.[ clarification needed] Clarification...

In text: humans are creative communicators, able to use text-only channels to convey a level of relational warmth that can equal face-to-face communication.12

Joseph B. Walther, Tracy Loh, and Laura Granka, “Let Me Count the Ways: The Interchange of Verbal and Nonverbal Cues in Computer- Mediated and Face-to-Face Affinity,” Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol. 24, 2005