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Saint Jerome in His Study is an oil painting on panel no larger than an oversized postcard attributed to the workshop of the early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck and currently in the collection of the Detroit Institute of Arts. Purchased in 1925 by museum director, Dr. W.R. Valentiner, the small Flemish painting at that time was attributed to Petrus Christus. The painting depicts St. Jerome, the 4th-century translator of the Bible, reading in his study, wearing a cardinal's dress and hat. He is surrounded by objects exemplyfying late medieval intellectual life and accompanied by the pet lion that is his common atribute. Acocrding to legend, Jerome extracted a thorn from a lion's paw. The books and other objects seen here relate to the saint's intellectual persuits and take on symbolic meanings. The hourglas is traditionally equated with the pasage of time and human mortality. The glass bottle is undisurbed by the light passing through it just as the virginity of Mary was undisturbed by the Holy Spirit when she conceived Jesus. The jar labelled tyraca (an antidote for snakebites) surmounted by a pomegranate (a symbol of resurrection) refers to Christ as the saviour of the world. Based on the inscrition on the folded letter on the table, it has been suggested that the figure of Saint Jerome is a disguised portrait of Cardinal Niccolo Albergati

History[edit]
Since the date on the painting is subsequent to Jan van Eyck's death (June 1441), it is likely that the work, left unfinished, had been completed by members of his workshop, or his brother Lambert. It was started in 1436 though.

A work with a similar subject is mentioned in the inventories of Palazzo Medici in Florence, which had been drawn up after the death of Lorenzo de' Medici in 1492. Even if not the work now at Detroit, this could have been the latter's prototype, since the painting is not unanimously attributed to van Eyck. There are indeed striking similarities between this work and Domenico Ghirlandaio's Saint Jerome in His Study (1480).

Description[edit]
The painting depicts Saint Jerome in the traditional representation inside his study. He wears a cardinal's dress and hat, and is reading a book, in a small study clogged with numerous objects showing his erudition and interests. Below is a lion, recalling the saint's legend in which he had extracted a thorn from the paw of the animal, who had later remained loyal to him. The light enters from a window behind the writing desk and from the foreground, in order to illuminate any detail of the scene. Objects on the desk and the shelves include an hourglass, a pounce pot, a ruler, an astrolabe, numerous books and writing instruments, all suitable for the idealized Renaissance man.

Sources :

Valentiner, Wilhelm R. “St. Jerome by Petrus Christus.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 6, no. 6 (1925): pp. 58-59 (cover ill.).

Friedländer, Max Jacob. “Neues über Petrus Christus.” Der Kunstwandere 6 (1925): pp. 297-298.

Borenius, Tancred. “A Petrus Christus for Detroit.” Apollo 1 (May 1925): pp. 290- 291.

Strümpell, Anna. “Hieronymus im Gehäuse.” Marburger Jahrbuch für Kunst- wissenschaft 2 (1925-26): pp. 173-252.

Exhibition of Flemish and Belgian Art 1300–1900. Exh. cat., Royal Academy of Arts. London, 1927, p. 17, no. 15. [as by Petrus Christus]

Lambotte, P. “The Exhibition of Flemish and Belgian Art, 1300-1900 (Burlington House, 1927), part II.” Apollo 5 (1927): pp. 51-61 (ill.).

Fry, Roger. “Flemish Art at Burlington House, part I: The Primitives.” Burlington Magazine 50, 287 (Feb. 1927): 59-73, pp. 66-67, pl. IIIB (ill.). [as by Petrus Christus]

Baldass, Ludwig. “Die Niederländer des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts auf der Austellung Flämischer Kunst in London 1927.” Belvedere 11, 57 (September 1927): pp. 80-85.

Winkler, F. Festschrift für Max. J. Friedländer. Berlin, 1927.

Heil, Walter. Catalogue of Paintings in the Permanent Collection of The Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1930, cat. 33 (ill.).

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Friedländer, Max J. Die Altniederländische Malerei, Vol. 14. Leiden, 1937, p. 79. [English ed. Early Netherlandish Painting, Vol. 1. Leiden, 1967, p. 104 (pl. 103).

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Weibel, Adele Coulin. “A Persian Astolabe.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts of the City of Detroit 25, no. 3 (1946): 59-61, p. 60.

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Held, J. S. “Review of Erwin Panofsky, Early Netherlandish Painting, Its Origin and Character.” Art Bulletin 37 (1955): pp. 205-234.

Panofsky, Erwin. “A Letter to St. Jerome - A Note on the Relationship Between Petrus Christus and Jan van Eyck.” Studies in Art and Literature for Belle da Costa Greene. ed. by D. Miner. Princeton, NJ, 1954, pp. 102-108.

Weiss, Roberto. “Jan van Eyck's 'Albergati' Portrait.” Burlington Magazine 97, 626 (May 1955): pp. 145-147.

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Chastel, André. “La Peinture de la Renaissance: Travaux récents.” Bibliothèque d’Humanisme et Renaissance T. 17, No. 1 (1955): 96-102, pp. 96-97.

Wormald, Francis. “The Literature of Art: In Honour of Belle da Costa Greene.” The Burlington Magazine 97, no. 627 (June 1955): 186.

Neugass, F. “Ein verscholler Van Eyck aus der Medici-sammlung in Museum in Detroit.” Die Weltkunst 26, 18 (September 15, 1956): 4 (cover ill. before and after restoration).

Richardson, Edgar Preston. “The Detroit 'St. Jerome' by Jan van Eyck.” The Art Quarterly 19, 3 (Autumn, 1956): pp. 226-235 (ill.).

“New Light upon the Jan van Eyck ‘St. Jerome’.” Bulletin of the DIA 36, 1 (1956-57): pp. 2-4 (ill. and cover).

Châtelet, A. “Les Enluminures eyckiennes des mss. de Turin et de Milan-Turin.” Revue des arts 4 (1957): pp. 155-164 (ill.).

Comstock, A. “A Van Eyck Discovery.” Connoisseur 138 (January 1957): pp. 277-278.

Bergström, Ingvar. “Medicins, Fons et Scrinium: A Study in Van Eyckean Symbolism and Its Influence in Italian Art.” Särtryck ur Konsthistorisk Tidskrift (1957): 1-20, pp. 1-20, fig. 1 (ill.).

Holt, Elizabeth Basye Gilmore. A Documentary History of Art. New York, 1957, no. 20 (ill.).

Masterpieces of Art in Memory of William R. Valentiner. Exh. cat., North Carolina Museum of Art. Raleigh, 1959, pp. 280, no. XLVIII (ill.). [listed in "Supplement: A Selection of Masterpieces (Not Included in the Exhibition)"]

Kurz, Otto. “European Art, Italy Excepted.” The Burlington Magazine 102, no. 693 (December 1960): 537-540, p. 537.

Le Siècle des Primitifs Flamands. Groeninge Museum. Bruge¬s, 1960, pp. 41-45 (cat. 3, repr.). [cat. entry by H.Pauwels]¬¬

Richard, Edgar, ed. Flanders in the Fifteenth Century: Art and Civilization. Exh. cat. 5. Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1960, pp. 28, 69-72 (ill.). [entry by J. Folie]

Winkler, F. “Ausstellung Altniederländischer Bilder aus Amerika in Brügge.” Kunstchronik 13, 11 (November 1960): pp. 312-316.

Fryns, Marcel. “Crónica de Bruselas.” Goya 40 (January-February 1961): pp. 288-292 (ill.).

Denis, Valentin. All the Paintings of Jan van Eyck. New York, 1961, p. 58 no 146 (ill.).

Faggin, Giuseppe. Jan van Eyck. 1961.

Rush, Richard H. Art as an Investment. Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1961, pp. 317-318 (ill.).

Brewer, Francis. Book Illustration: Papers Presented at the Third Rare Book Conference of the American Library Association in 1962. Berlin, 1963, p. 55.

Pächt, Otto. “Zur Entstelung des 'Hieronymous im Gehäus'.” Pantheon 21 (May/June 1963): pp. 131-142 (no. 18).

Hall, E.C. “Cardinal Albergati, St. Jerome and the Detroit Van Eyck.” The Art Quarterly 31, 1 (Spring 1968): pp. 2-34 (figs. 1, 8).

Schouten, Jan. The Rod and Serpent of Asklepios: Symbol of Medicine. Amsterdam, 1967, 110-113, 236.

Foote, Timothy. The World of Bruegel: c. 1525-1569. New York, 1968, p. 28 (ill.). [as by van Eyck and Petrus Christus]

Faggin, Giuseppe. The Complete Paintings of the Van Eycks. Milan, 1968, pp. 98-99, no. 33 (ill.).

Cuttler, Charles. Northern Painting from Pucelle to Bruegel : Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. New York, 1968, pp. 104-105, fig. 121 (ill.).

Stechow, Wolfgang. “A Youthful Work by Stephan Lochner.” The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 55, no. 10 (1968): 307-314, pp. 309-311.

Chastel, André. The Myth of the Renaissance 1420-1520. Geneva, 1969, pp. 168-169 (ill.).

Pemán y Pemartín, César. Juan van Eyck y España. Cadiz, 1969, pp. 19, 44, 67, 94, fig. 19 (ill.).

Herzog, Sadja. “Gossart, Italy, and the National Gallery’s Saint Jerome Penitent.” Report and Studies in the History of Art 3 (1969): 58-73, p. 72, note 30.

Fahy, Everett. “A Portrait of a Renaissance Cardinal as St. Jerome.” Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 59 (1970): pp. 5-19 (ill., fig. 5).

Hall, Edwin. “More About the Detroit Van Eyck: The Astrolabe, The Congress of Arras and Cardinal Albergati.” The Art Quarterly 34 (Summer, 1971): pp. 180-201 (figs. 1,2,4).

Cummings, Frederick and Charles H. Elam, eds. DIA Illustrated Handbook. Detroit, 1971, p. 78, pl. 18 (ill.).

Baxandall, Michael. Giotto and the Orators. Oxford, 1971. pl. 10 (ill.).

Mori, Yoko. “St. Jerome in his Study at the Detroit Institute of Arts.” Bulletin of the Women's College of Arts 3 (March 1971): pp. 21- 53 (ill. figs 1, 3, 4, 8, 19). [in Japanese]

Sterling, Charles. “Observations on Petrus Christus.” Art Bulletin 53, 1 (March 1971): pp. 1-26 (no. 66).

Whittlesey, Eunice. Symbols and Legends in Western Art: A Museum Guide. New York, 1972, pp. 169-171 (ill.).

Schabacker, Peter H. Petrus Christus. Utrecht, 1974, p. 124, no. 24, fig. 27 (ill.).

Snyder, James. “The Chronology of Jan can Eyck’s Paintings.” In Album Amicorum J.G. van Gelder. The Hague, 1973, pp. 293-297.

Ward, John L. “Hidden Symbolism in Jan van Eyck’s Annunciations.” The Art Bulletin, 57, no. 2 (June 1975): 196-220, p. 220, note 129.

Sterling, Charles. “Jan Van Eyck avant 1432.” Revue de l'art 33 (1976): 7-82.

Ward, John L. “The Perception of Pictorial Space in Perspective Pictures.” Leonardo 9, 4 (Autumn 1976): 279-288, p. 283, fig. 7 (ill.).

Jolly, Penny Howell. “Jan Van Eyck and St. Jerome. A Study of Eyckian Influence on Colantonio and Antonello da Messina in Quattrocento Naples.” Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1976.

Mededelingen van de Koninklijke Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België, Klasse der Letteren, XL, no. 4 (1978): 3-11.

Ames-Lewis, Francis. “Fra Filippo Lippi and Flanders.” Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 42, Bd., H. 4 (1979): 255-273, p. 271, note 38.

Selected Works from the Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1979, pp. 55, 79 (ill.).

Freidmann, Herbert. A Bestiary for Saint Jerome, Animal Symbolism in European Religious Art. Washington, D.C., 1980, p. 42 (ill.).

Briels, J. “Die Antwerpse Kunstverzamelaar Peeter Steevens (1590-1668) en zijn Constkamer.” Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten - Antwerpen: Jaarboek, 1980, pp. 137-226 (ill., fig. 22).

Dhanens, Elizabeth. Hubert and Jan van Eyck. Antwerp, 1980, pp. 366, 370-371, fig. 232 (ill.).

Châtelet, A. “Un collaborateur de Van Eyck en Italie.” Relations Artistiques entre les Pays-Bas et l'Italie à la Renaissance: Études Dédiées à Suzanne Salzberger, series Études d'Histoire de l'Art / L'Institut Historique Belge de Rome, Vol. 4. Brussels, 1980, pp. 43-60, fig. 14 (ill.).

Châtelet, Albert. Early Dutch Painting. New York, 1981, pp. 42, 201-202, no. 33, pl. 36 (ill.).

Lurie, Ann Tzeutschler. “A Newly Discovered Eyckian St. John the Baptist in a Landscape.” The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 68, no. 4 (April 1981): 87-119, pp. 98-101, 108, 116, note 52, 117, note 55, (ill.)

Van Eyck. Les Grands Maîtres de La Peinture 2. Tokyo, 1982, (col. pl 37). [in Japanese]

Jolly, Penny Howell. “Antonello da Messina's 'St. Jerome in his Study': a disguised portrait?” Burlington Magazine 124, 946 (Jan. 1982): 27-29, pp. 28-29.

Giltay, J. “Book review of Elizabeth Dhanens, Hubert and Jan van Eyck.” Simiolus 13, 1 (1983): 54-57, p. 57.

Jolly, Penny Howell. “Antonello da Messina's Saint Jerome in His Study: An Iconographic Analysis.” The Art Bulletin 65, 2 (June 1983): 238-253, pp. 242, 251-252, fig. 12 (ill).

Castelfranchi Vegas, Liana. Flandre et Italie: Primitifs flamands et Renaissance italienne. Antwerp 1984, pp. 78, 127, 192, note 44.

Salvini, Roberto. Banchieri Fiorentini e pittori de Fiandra. Modena, 1984, pp. 33, 59 (ill. Col. pl. 93). [printed backwards, labeled "Petrus Christus(?)]

Garzelli, Annarosa. “Sulla fortuna del ‘Gerolamo’ mediceo del van Eyck nell'arte fiorentina del Quattrocento.” In Scritti di Storia dell'arte in onore di Roberto Salvini. Florence, 1984, pp. 347-353.

Henshaw, Julia, ed. 100 Masterworks from the Detroit Institute of Arts. New York, 1985, pp. 13, 92 (ill.).

“A Centennial Celebration: Family Art Game.” DIA Advertising Supplement, Detroit Free Press, April 14, 1985, p. 12 (ill.).

Rice Jr., Eugene F. Saint Jerome in the Renaissance. Baltimore, 1985, pp. 106-111, 239 (ill., fig 32).

“Van Eycke Das Geheimnis der Genialen Bruder.” Pan Unsere herrliche Welt. M 3529E (November 11 1985): 4-23 (ill.).

Hayum, Andrée “Dürer's Portrait of Erasmus and the ‘Ars Typographorum’.” Renaissance Quarterly 38, 4 (Winter 1985): pp. 650-687 (fig. 17).

“Family Art Game,” DIA Advertising Supplement, Detroit Free Press, May 18, 1986, p.29 (ill.).

Marandel, J.P. “A Valentiner Legacy: the Broad Stream of European Painting.” Apollo 124, 298 (1986): pp. 488-497.

Madigan, Brian. “Van Eyck's Illuminated Carafe.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 49 (1986): 227-230, pp. 228-229.

Jolly, Penny Howell. “More on the Van Eyck Question: Philip the Good of Burgundy, Isabelle of Portugal, and the Ghent Altarpiece.” Oud Holland 101 (1987): 237-253 pp. 243, 251, note 18.

Klein, Peter. “Dendrochronologische Untersuchungen an Bildtafeln des 15. Jahrhunderts.” Le dessin sous-jacent dans la peinture. Colloque VI, 12-14 septembre 1985. Infrarouge et autres techniques d'examen. ed. by H. Verougstraete-Marcq and R. Van Schoute, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1987, pp. 29-40.

Rivière, J. “La nature morte des Pays-Bas. Du mythe à la réalité.” Bulletin de la Société des amis du Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rennes (numéro spéciale. La nature morte) 5 (1987): pp. 26-41.

Roberts, Ann. “Review of Banchieri Fiorentini e pittori di Fiandra by Roberto Salvini.” The Art Bulletin 69, no. 3 (September 1987): 470-472, p. 471.

Smeyers, M. “A Mid-Fifteenth Century Book of Hours from Bruges in the Walters Art Gallery (MS.721) and Its Relation to the ‘Turin-Milan Hours’.” Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 46 (1988): 55-76, pp. 69. 75-76, fig. 18, notes 65-66 (ill.).

Recht, Roland and Albert Châtelet. Le Monde Gothique / Automne et Renouveau 1380-1500. Paris, 1988, p. 253 (ill. fig. 206). [identified as "Hand H" aka Jean Coene]

Ames-Lewis, F. “On Domenico Ghirlandaio's Responsiveness to North European Art.” Gazette des Beaux-Arts 131, 114 (1989): pp. 111-122.

Bietenholz, Peter G. “Erasmus von Rotterdam und der Kult des Heiligen Hieronymus.” Gesamtkatalog (1989): pp. 191-221, fig. 2 (ill.).

Hasenohr, Geneviève. “L'essor des bibliothèques privées aux XIVe et XV siècle.” Histoire des bibliothèques françaises. Les bibliothèques médiévales du VIe siècle a 1530. Paris, 1989, p. 214 (ill., no. 41).

Upton, Joel. Petrus Christus: His Place in 15th Century Flemish Painting. University Park, PA, 1990, pp. 11-12.

Vale, Malcolm. “Cardinal Henry Beaufort and the ‘Albergati’ Portrait.” The English Historical Review 105, no. 415 (April 1990): 337-254, pp. 352-353.

Reis, António Estácio dos. “Viagem à roda de um astrolábio pintado.” Oceanos 7 (July 1991): pp. 81-93 (col.ill.).

Peck, William. The Detroit Institute of Arts: A Brief History. Detroit, 1991, p. 75 (ill.).

Ainsworth, Maryan. Early Netherlandish Painting at the Crossroads: A Critical Look at Current Methodologies. New York, 2001, pp. 76-77, 102.

Quednau, Rolf. “Kunstgeschichte im Europäischen Kontext: Italienische Frührenaissance und Nordeuropäisches Spätmittelalter.” Kunstchronik 45 (1992): pp. 186-211.

Cavalli-Björkman, Görel. “Hieronymus in der Studierstube und das Vanitasstilleben.” Leselust: Niederlandische Malerei von Rembrandt bis Vermeer. Exh. cat. Schirn Kunsthalle. Frankfurt, 1993, p. 49.

Hunter, John. “Who is Jan van Eyck's 'Cardinal Nicolo Albergati'?” The Art Bulletin 75, 2 (June 1993): pp. 207-218 (ill., fig.5).

Jardine, Lisa. Erasmus, Man of Letters: the construction of charisma in print. Princeton, NJ, 1993, pp. 79-80.

Evans, Mark L. “’Uno maestro solenne’ Joos van Wassenhove in Italy.” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek (NJK) 44 (1993): 75-110, pp. 75, 82.

Zehnder, Frank Günter. Stefan Lochner, Meister zu Köln. Exh. cat. Wallraf-Richartz-Museum Cologne, 1993, p. 260, (ill.). [entry by D.R. Täube]

Stapleford, Richard. “Intellect and Intuition in Boticelli's ‘Saint Augustine’.” The Art Bulletin 76, 1 (March 1994): 69-80, pp. 69, 71, fig. 3 (ill.).

Petrus Christus, Renaissance Master of Bruges. Exh. cat., Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1994, pp. 11-12, 68-71, (col. ill.). [entry by Maryan W. Ainsworth]

Eidelberg, Martin and Eliot W. Rowlands. “The Dispersal of the Last Duke of Mantua's Paintings.” Gazette des Beaux-Arts 123, 1504-1505 (May/June 1994): 207-287, pp. 251-254 283-284, fig. 44 (ill.).

Pächt, Otto. Van Eyck and the Founders of Early Netherlandish Painting. London, 1994, pp. 53-54, fig. 35 (ill.).

Lievens-de Waegh, M.-L. “L'Iconographie: Les Sujects des Oeuvres.” Les Primatifs flamands et leur temps. Wesmael, Belgium, 1994, p. 292.

Stroo, Cyriel, and Maurits Smeyers. “Les Peintres et leurs oeuvres: Hubert et Jean van Eyck.” Les Primitifs flamands et leur temps. Wesmael, Belgium, 1994, p. 185 (col. ill.).

Rohlmann, Michael. “Auftragskunst und Sammlerbild: Altniederländische Tafelmalerei im Florenz des Quattrocento.” Alfter (Rhein), diss., University of Cologne, 1994, pp. 97-100.

Blankert, Albert. “Vermeer's Modern Themes and Their Tradition.” In Johannes Vermeer, ed. Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. Washington, 1995, p. 41.

Heller, Barbara and Leon P. Stodulski. “Recent Scientific Investigation of the Detroit ‘St. Jerome’.” Petrus Christus in Renaissance Bruges: an interdisciplinary approach. Symposium paper presented at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 12 June 1994, ed. by M.W. Ainsworth, New York, 1995, pp. 131-142 (ill. pl. 9-19). [Discussion: Response to B. Heller: by M. Faries. Pp. 145-146.; by J.R.J. van Asperen de Boer, pp. 146-147.; Comment by R. Wieck. pp. 147-148.; Response to comment by Van Asperen de Boer, p. 148]

Klein, Peter. “Dendrochronological Findings of the van Eyck-Christus-Bouts Group.” Petrus Christus in Renaissance Bruges: an interdisciplinary approach. p. 152 (table 4). [see Heller/Stodulski above]

Sander, John. Niederländische Gemälde im Städel 1400-1550. Mainz, 1995, p. 230 (fig. 142) [cited under inv. no. 1091, St. Jerome by G. David]

Henshaw, Julia ed. The Detroit Institute of Arts: A Visitor's Guide. Detroit, 1995, p. 170 (col. ill.).

Meijer, Bert W. “Piero and the North.” Studies in the History of Art 48 (1995): 142-159, p. 155, note 16.

Marijnissen, R.H., and L. Kockaert. “The Detroit ‘Saint Jerome’: The Story of an Interdisciplinary Approach.” Academiae Analecta 56, 1 (1996): pp. 1-40 (ill.).

Nuttal, P. “Domenico Ghirlandaio and Northern Art.” Apollo 143, 412 (1996): pp. 16-22.

König, Eberhard. Das Liebentbrannte Herz: Der Wiener Codex und der Maler Barthélemy d'Eyck. Graz, 1996, pp. 58-60, 62, 65, fig. 16 (ill.). [attrib. to Jan van Eyck and Workshop]

Asperen de Boer, J. R. van. Jan van Eyck: two paintings of Saint Francis receiving the stigmata. Philadelphia, 1997, pp. 72-73, 105.

Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery, Vol. 3. Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore, 1997, part 1, p. 208. [in cat. 243, comparison with image of St. Jerome in an Eyckian/Gold Scrolls Book of Hours, Bruges, c. 1450, W. 721, f. 277v]

Strehlke, Carl Brandon. “Jan van Eyck: Un Artista per il Mediterraneo.” Jan van Eyck: Opere a confront. Exh. cat., Galleria Sabauda. Turin, 1997, pp. 55-76 (fig. 36).

Hall, Edwin. “The Detroit ‘St. Jerome’ in Search of Its Painter.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 72, ½ (1998): 10-37, pp. 10-37 (ill).

Heller, Barbara and Leon Stodulski. “’St. Jerome’ in the Laboratory: Scientific Evidence and the Enigmas of an Ecykian Panel.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 72, ½ (1998) pp. 38-55 (ill.).

Christiansen, Keith. “The View from Italy.” In From Van Eyck to Bruegel: Early Netherlandish Painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Keith Christiansen and Maryan W. Ainsworth. New York, 1998, pp. 43-49, note 16.

Fahy, Everett. “How the Pictures Got Here.” In From Van Eyck to Bruegel: Early Netherlandish Painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Keith Christiansen and Maryan W. Ainsworth. New York, 1998, p. 63.

Sterling, Charles and Maryan Ainsworth. “Virgin and Child.” Fifteenth- to Eighteenth-Century European Paintings: France, Central Europe, The Netherlands, Spain, and Great Britain, series: Robert Lehman Collection, Vol. 2. New York, 1998, p. 24 (note 6). [attrib. to workshop of Jan van Eyck]

Ainsworth, Maryan. Gerard David: Purity of Vision in an Age of Transition. New York, 1998, p. 157.

Locher, Hubert. Domenico Ghirlandaio Hieronymus im Gehäuse, Malerkonkurrenz und Gelehrtenstreit. Frankfurt am Main, 1999, pp. 39-41, 63 (ill., fig. 17; detail fig. 26).

Freedman, Luba. “Titian’s Jacopo da Strada: a portrait of an ‘antiquario’.” Renaissance Studies 13, no. 1 (1999): 15-39, pp. fig. 4 (ill.).

Osano Shigeoshi. “Speculation on the Detroit Institute of Arts’ ‘St. Jerome in His Study’: The History of Its Philosophical Aspects and Their Acceptance.” Studies in Western Art 1 (1999): pp. 8-32 (ill. and col. detail on cover). [in Japanese]

Il Rinascimento a Venezia e la pittura del Nord ai tempi di Bellini, Dürer, Tiziano. Exh. cat., Palazzo Grassi. Venice, 1999, pp. 212-216 (no. 15 col. ill.). [entry by B. Aikema]

Rubin, Patricia Lee and Alison Wright. Renaissance Florence: The Art of the 1470s. London, 1999, p. 42, fig. 22 (ill.).

Bek, Lise. Leon Battista Alberti: Om Billedkunsten. Copenhagen, 2000, p. 32 (ill.). [as by Jan van Eyck and Petrus Christus]

Barstow, Kurt. The Gualenghi-d’Este Hours: Art and Devotion in Renaissance Ferrara. Los Angeles, 2000, pp. 74-75, 106, fig. 45, 90-91 note 61 (ill.)

Campbell, Lorne. “Jan van Eyck, Early Netherlandish Painting and Southern Europe.” Burlington Magazine 144, 1191 (June 2002): 367-371, pp. 367-371, fig. 43 (ill.). [review of exhibition]

Borchert, Till-Holger. The Age of Van Eyck: The Mediterranean World and Early Netherlandish Painting 1430–1530. Exh. cat., Stedelijke Musea. Bruges, 2002, pp. 97–98 (ill.); p. 121; p. 201; p. 225; p. 237, no. 30 (ill.).

Giorgi, Rosa. “Saints in Art,” series Guide to Imagery. S. Zuffi, ed., transl. from Italian by T. M. Hartmann. Los Angeles, 2003, p. 180 (ill.). [originally publ. in Italian, Milan: Elemond, 2002]

Puppi, Lionello. Antonello da Messina. San Girolamo nello Studio. Milan, 2003, pp. 31-46 (ill.).

Folga-Januszewska, Dorota and Antoni Ziemba. Transalpinum: From Giorgone and Dürer to Titian and Rubens. Olszanica, 2004.

Nuttal, Paula. From Flanders to Florence. The Impact of Netherlandish Painting, 1400-1500. New Haven, 2004, pp. 107-108. [mentioned in review by. B. Aikema. Burlington Magazine 148 (Feb. 2006), pp. 121-122.]

Châtelet, Albert., ed., “Les peintres flamands et l'Italie.” Van Eyck et la diffusion de l'art flamand, series Dossier de l'Art 119 (2005): pp.48-59 (ill.). [as by "Jan Coene (?)"]

Das Geheimnis des Jan van Eyck. Exh. cat., Staatliche Kunstsammlungen. Dresden, 2005, p. 204, (repro. fig 1). [not in exhibit, cited under cat. 75]

Evans, Mark. “The After-Life of St. Jerome: Giovanni Bilivert's Portrait of Neri Corsini.” Ciracumdederunt me amici multi: A Tribute to James Marrow from his Friends. Turnhout, 2006, pp. 189-196.

Aikema, Bernard. Review of From Flanders to Florence. The Impact of Netherlandish Painting, 1400-1500 by Paula Nuttal. The Burlington Magazine 148 (February 2006): 121-122, p. 122.

At Home in Renaissance Italy. Victoria & Albert Museum, Exh. cat. 223. London, 2006-2007, pp. 293, 366, (repro.). [not in exhibition]

Fera, Vincenzo. “Lo Studio del ‘San Girolamo’ di Antonello.” Prospettiva no. 126-127 (April -June 2007): 105-114, pp. 106, 107, 113 (ill.)

Bodart, Diane. “Renaissance and Mannerism.” Florence and Milan, 2008, p. 71 (ill.)

Brinkmann, Bodo and Gabriele Dette. Fokus auf Meister des Hausbuchs (Umkreis): Hieronymus und sein Löwe, 1480 (Inv. Nr. 1215), Exh. cat. and booklet. Städel Museum. Frankfurt, 2008, pp. 4-5, fig. 1 (ill.). [not in exhibition - as follower of Van Eyck]

Firenze e gli antichi Paesi Bassi 1430 - 1530 dialoghi tra artisti: da Jan van Eyck a Ghirlandaio, da Memling a Raffaello..., Exh. cat. Galleria Palatina. Florence, 2008, pp. 86-88. [entry by Judie Bogers. As Jan van Eyck (?)]

Brown, B.L. “Florence and the Netherlands.” The Burlington Magazine Vol. CL, 1266 (September 2008): p. 639 (ill.). [as Jan van Eyck (?)]

Dieter Wuttke, ed. Erwin Panofsky Korrespondenz 1910 bis 1968, 4 vols. Harrassowitz Verlag Wiesbaden, 2008, vol IV, pp. 174, 792.

Valentiner, Wilhelm R. “St. Jerome by Petrus Christus.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 6, no. 6 (1925): pp. 58-59 (cover ill.).

Friedländer, Max Jacob. “Neues über Petrus Christus.” Der Kunstwandere 6 (1925): pp. 297-298.

Borenius, Tancred. “A Petrus Christus for Detroit.” Apollo 1 (May 1925): pp. 290- 291.

Strümpell, Anna. “Hieronymus im Gehäuse.” Marburger Jahrbuch für Kunst- wissenschaft 2 (1925-26): pp. 173-252.

Exhibition of Flemish and Belgian Art 1300–1900. Exh. cat., Royal Academy of Arts. London, 1927, p. 17, no. 15. [as by Petrus Christus]

Lambotte, P. “The Exhibition of Flemish and Belgian Art, 1300-1900 (Burlington House, 1927), part II.” Apollo 5 (1927): pp. 51-61 (ill.).

Fry, Roger. “Flemish Art at Burlington House, part I: The Primitives.” Burlington Magazine 50, 287 (Feb. 1927): 59-73, pp. 66-67, pl. IIIB (ill.). [as by Petrus Christus]

Baldass, Ludwig. “Die Niederländer des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts auf der Austellung Flämischer Kunst in London 1927.” Belvedere 11, 57 (September 1927): pp. 80-85.

Winkler, F. Festschrift für Max. J. Friedländer. Berlin, 1927.

Heil, Walter. Catalogue of Paintings in the Permanent Collection of The Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1930, cat. 33 (ill.).

Rich, Daniel Catton. Catalogue of a Century of Progress Exhibition of Paintings and Sculpture. Chicago Art Institute. Chicago, 1933, no. 35.

Exhibition of French and Flemish Primitives. Toledo Museum of Art. Toledo, 1935 (no. 5).

20th Anniversary Exhibition (Official Art Exhibition of the Great Lakes Exposition). Cleveland, 1936 (no. 186).

Richardson, Edgar Preston. Flemish Painting of the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. Detroit, 1936, unpaginated (fig. 1). [as Jan van Eyck and Petrus Christus]

Friedländer, Max J. Die Altniederländische Malerei, Vol. 14. Leiden, 1937, p. 79. [English ed. Early Netherlandish Painting, Vol. 1. Leiden, 1967, p. 104 (pl. 103).

Masterpieces of Art. Exh. cat. 114. New York World's Fair. New York, 1939, p. 57 (ill. pl. 47). [cat. compiled by G.H. McCall, ed. by W.R. Valentiner]

Marceau, Henri. Worcester-Philadelphia Exhibition of Flemish Painting. Exh. cat. 2. Worcester Art Museum. Worcester, 1939. [John G. Johnson Collection]

Robinson, Francis. “Detroit Looks Back on 20 Years.” Art News 38, no. 31 (May 4, 1940) p. 28.

Primitive Flemish Masters. Knoedler and Co. New York, 1942, no. 2.

Elst, Baron J. van der. The Last Flowering of the Middle Ages. Garden City, N. J., 1944 (pl. 51). [as Petrus Christus]

Richardson, Edgar Preston, ed. Catalogue of Paintings. Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1944, p. 45 (no. 33). [as Jan van Eyck and Petrus Christus]

Ring, Grete. “St. Jerome Extracting the Thorn from the Lion’s Foot.” The Art Bulletin 27, no. 3 (September 1945): 188-94, p. 194.

Weibel, Adele Coulin. “A Persian Astolabe.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts of the City of Detroit 25, no. 3 (1946): 59-61, p. 60.

Diehl, Edith. Bookbinding: Its Background and Technique, Vol. 1. New York, 1946 (frontispiece).

Richardson, Edgar Preston. “St. Jerome in the Desert by Rogier van der Weyden.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts of the City of Detroit 26, no. 3 (1947): 54-56, pp. 55-56.

Early Flemish Paintings. Fogg Art Museum. Cambridge, MA, 1948.

Masterpieces of Painting and Sculpture from the Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1949, p. 87 (ill.).

La Nature Morte de l'Antiquité à nos Jours. Musée de l'Orangerie. Paris, 1950, p. 12. [cat entry by C. Sterling as “copie d'un original perdu......?”]

Baldass, Ludwig. “The Ghent Altarpiece of Hubert and Jan van Eyck, Part II.” The Art Quarterly 13, 3 (Summer 1950): pp. 182-195 (n.13).

Fry, R. Van Eyck. London, 1952 (no. 5).

Bazin, Germain. “Detroit Petrus Christus et les Rapports entre l'Italie et la Flandre au Milieu du 15ème Siècle.” La Revue des arts, new series vol. 4 (December 1952): pp. 194-208.

Panofsky, Erwin. Early Netherlandish Painting. Cambridge, MA, 1953, pp.189-190, fig. 258 (ill.).

Held, J. S. “Review of Erwin Panofsky, Early Netherlandish Painting, Its Origin and Character.” Art Bulletin 37 (1955): pp. 205-234.

Panofsky, Erwin. “A Letter to St. Jerome - A Note on the Relationship Between Petrus Christus and Jan van Eyck.” Studies in Art and Literature for Belle da Costa Greene. ed. by D. Miner. Princeton, NJ, 1954, pp. 102-108.

Weiss, Roberto. “Jan van Eyck's 'Albergati' Portrait.” Burlington Magazine 97, 626 (May 1955): pp. 145-147.

Bergström, Ingvar. “Disguised Symbolism in ‘Madonna’ Pictures and Still Life: II.” The Burlington Magazine 97, no. 632 (November 1955): 342-347, 349, p. 346, note 44.

Weiss, Roberto. “Some van Eyckian Illuminations from Italy.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 18, No. 3/4 (July - December 1955): pp. 64, 219-321 (ill.).

Chastel, André. “La Peinture de la Renaissance: Travaux récents.” Bibliothèque d’Humanisme et Renaissance T. 17, No. 1 (1955): 96-102, pp. 96-97.

Wormald, Francis. “The Literature of Art: In Honour of Belle da Costa Greene.” The Burlington Magazine 97, no. 627 (June 1955): 186.

Neugass, F. “Ein verscholler Van Eyck aus der Medici-sammlung in Museum in Detroit.” Die Weltkunst 26, 18 (September 15, 1956): 4 (cover ill. before and after restoration).

Richardson, Edgar Preston. “The Detroit 'St. Jerome' by Jan van Eyck.” The Art Quarterly 19, 3 (Autumn, 1956): pp. 226-235 (ill.).

“New Light upon the Jan van Eyck ‘St. Jerome’.” Bulletin of the DIA 36, 1 (1956-57): pp. 2-4 (ill. and cover).

Châtelet, A. “Les Enluminures eyckiennes des mss. de Turin et de Milan-Turin.” Revue des arts 4 (1957): pp. 155-164 (ill.).

Comstock, A. “A Van Eyck Discovery.” Connoisseur 138 (January 1957): pp. 277-278.

Bergström, Ingvar. “Medicins, Fons et Scrinium: A Study in Van Eyckean Symbolism and Its Influence in Italian Art.” Särtryck ur Konsthistorisk Tidskrift (1957): 1-20, pp. 1-20, fig. 1 (ill.).

Holt, Elizabeth Basye Gilmore. A Documentary History of Art. New York, 1957, no. 20 (ill.).

Masterpieces of Art in Memory of William R. Valentiner. Exh. cat., North Carolina Museum of Art. Raleigh, 1959, pp. 280, no. XLVIII (ill.). [listed in "Supplement: A Selection of Masterpieces (Not Included in the Exhibition)"]

Kurz, Otto. “European Art, Italy Excepted.” The Burlington Magazine 102, no. 693 (December 1960): 537-540, p. 537.

Le Siècle des Primitifs Flamands. Groeninge Museum. Bruge¬s, 1960, pp. 41-45 (cat. 3, repr.). [cat. entry by H.Pauwels]¬¬

Richard, Edgar, ed. Flanders in the Fifteenth Century: Art and Civilization. Exh. cat. 5. Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1960, pp. 28, 69-72 (ill.). [entry by J. Folie]

Winkler, F. “Ausstellung Altniederländischer Bilder aus Amerika in Brügge.” Kunstchronik 13, 11 (November 1960): pp. 312-316.

Fryns, Marcel. “Crónica de Bruselas.” Goya 40 (January-February 1961): pp. 288-292 (ill.).

Denis, Valentin. All the Paintings of Jan van Eyck. New York, 1961, p. 58 no 146 (ill.).

Faggin, Giuseppe. Jan van Eyck. 1961.

Rush, Richard H. Art as an Investment. Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1961, pp. 317-318 (ill.).

Brewer, Francis. Book Illustration: Papers Presented at the Third Rare Book Conference of the American Library Association in 1962. Berlin, 1963, p. 55.

Pächt, Otto. “Zur Entstelung des 'Hieronymous im Gehäus'.” Pantheon 21 (May/June 1963): pp. 131-142 (no. 18).

Hall, E.C. “Cardinal Albergati, St. Jerome and the Detroit Van Eyck.” The Art Quarterly 31, 1 (Spring 1968): pp. 2-34 (figs. 1, 8).

Schouten, Jan. The Rod and Serpent of Asklepios: Symbol of Medicine. Amsterdam, 1967, 110-113, 236.

Foote, Timothy. The World of Bruegel: c. 1525-1569. New York, 1968, p. 28 (ill.). [as by van Eyck and Petrus Christus]

Faggin, Giuseppe. The Complete Paintings of the Van Eycks. Milan, 1968, pp. 98-99, no. 33 (ill.).

Cuttler, Charles. Northern Painting from Pucelle to Bruegel : Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. New York, 1968, pp. 104-105, fig. 121 (ill.).

Stechow, Wolfgang. “A Youthful Work by Stephan Lochner.” The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 55, no. 10 (1968): 307-314, pp. 309-311.

Chastel, André. The Myth of the Renaissance 1420-1520. Geneva, 1969, pp. 168-169 (ill.).

Pemán y Pemartín, César. Juan van Eyck y España. Cadiz, 1969, pp. 19, 44, 67, 94, fig. 19 (ill.).

Herzog, Sadja. “Gossart, Italy, and the National Gallery’s Saint Jerome Penitent.” Report and Studies in the History of Art 3 (1969): 58-73, p. 72, note 30.

Fahy, Everett. “A Portrait of a Renaissance Cardinal as St. Jerome.” Minneapolis Institute of Arts Bulletin 59 (1970): pp. 5-19 (ill., fig. 5).

Hall, Edwin. “More About the Detroit Van Eyck: The Astrolabe, The Congress of Arras and Cardinal Albergati.” The Art Quarterly 34 (Summer, 1971): pp. 180-201 (figs. 1,2,4).

Cummings, Frederick and Charles H. Elam, eds. DIA Illustrated Handbook. Detroit, 1971, p. 78, pl. 18 (ill.).

Baxandall, Michael. Giotto and the Orators. Oxford, 1971. pl. 10 (ill.).

Mori, Yoko. “St. Jerome in his Study at the Detroit Institute of Arts.” Bulletin of the Women's College of Arts 3 (March 1971): pp. 21- 53 (ill. figs 1, 3, 4, 8, 19). [in Japanese]

Sterling, Charles. “Observations on Petrus Christus.” Art Bulletin 53, 1 (March 1971): pp. 1-26 (no. 66).

Whittlesey, Eunice. Symbols and Legends in Western Art: A Museum Guide. New York, 1972, pp. 169-171 (ill.).

Schabacker, Peter H. Petrus Christus. Utrecht, 1974, p. 124, no. 24, fig. 27 (ill.).

Snyder, James. “The Chronology of Jan can Eyck’s Paintings.” In Album Amicorum J.G. van Gelder. The Hague, 1973, pp. 293-297.

Ward, John L. “Hidden Symbolism in Jan van Eyck’s Annunciations.” The Art Bulletin, 57, no. 2 (June 1975): 196-220, p. 220, note 129.

Sterling, Charles. “Jan Van Eyck avant 1432.” Revue de l'art 33 (1976): 7-82.

Ward, John L. “The Perception of Pictorial Space in Perspective Pictures.” Leonardo 9, 4 (Autumn 1976): 279-288, p. 283, fig. 7 (ill.).

Jolly, Penny Howell. “Jan Van Eyck and St. Jerome. A Study of Eyckian Influence on Colantonio and Antonello da Messina in Quattrocento Naples.” Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1976.

Mededelingen van de Koninklijke Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België, Klasse der Letteren, XL, no. 4 (1978): 3-11.

Ames-Lewis, Francis. “Fra Filippo Lippi and Flanders.” Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 42, Bd., H. 4 (1979): 255-273, p. 271, note 38.

Selected Works from the Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1979, pp. 55, 79 (ill.).

Freidmann, Herbert. A Bestiary for Saint Jerome, Animal Symbolism in European Religious Art. Washington, D.C., 1980, p. 42 (ill.).

Briels, J. “Die Antwerpse Kunstverzamelaar Peeter Steevens (1590-1668) en zijn Constkamer.” Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten - Antwerpen: Jaarboek, 1980, pp. 137-226 (ill., fig. 22).

Dhanens, Elizabeth. Hubert and Jan van Eyck. Antwerp, 1980, pp. 366, 370-371, fig. 232 (ill.).

Châtelet, A. “Un collaborateur de Van Eyck en Italie.” Relations Artistiques entre les Pays-Bas et l'Italie à la Renaissance: Études Dédiées à Suzanne Salzberger, series Études d'Histoire de l'Art / L'Institut Historique Belge de Rome, Vol. 4. Brussels, 1980, pp. 43-60, fig. 14 (ill.).

Châtelet, Albert. Early Dutch Painting. New York, 1981, pp. 42, 201-202, no. 33, pl. 36 (ill.).

Lurie, Ann Tzeutschler. “A Newly Discovered Eyckian St. John the Baptist in a Landscape.” The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 68, no. 4 (April 1981): 87-119, pp. 98-101, 108, 116, note 52, 117, note 55, (ill.)

Van Eyck. Les Grands Maîtres de La Peinture 2. Tokyo, 1982, (col. pl 37). [in Japanese]

Jolly, Penny Howell. “Antonello da Messina's 'St. Jerome in his Study': a disguised portrait?” Burlington Magazine 124, 946 (Jan. 1982): 27-29, pp. 28-29.

Giltay, J. “Book review of Elizabeth Dhanens, Hubert and Jan van Eyck.” Simiolus 13, 1 (1983): 54-57, p. 57.

Jolly, Penny Howell. “Antonello da Messina's Saint Jerome in His Study: An Iconographic Analysis.” The Art Bulletin 65, 2 (June 1983): 238-253, pp. 242, 251-252, fig. 12 (ill).

Castelfranchi Vegas, Liana. Flandre et Italie: Primitifs flamands et Renaissance italienne. Antwerp 1984, pp. 78, 127, 192, note 44.

Salvini, Roberto. Banchieri Fiorentini e pittori de Fiandra. Modena, 1984, pp. 33, 59 (ill. Col. pl. 93). [printed backwards, labeled "Petrus Christus(?)]

Garzelli, Annarosa. “Sulla fortuna del ‘Gerolamo’ mediceo del van Eyck nell'arte fiorentina del Quattrocento.” In Scritti di Storia dell'arte in onore di Roberto Salvini. Florence, 1984, pp. 347-353.

Henshaw, Julia, ed. 100 Masterworks from the Detroit Institute of Arts. New York, 1985, pp. 13, 92 (ill.).

“A Centennial Celebration: Family Art Game.” DIA Advertising Supplement, Detroit Free Press, April 14, 1985, p. 12 (ill.).

Rice Jr., Eugene F. Saint Jerome in the Renaissance. Baltimore, 1985, pp. 106-111, 239 (ill., fig 32).

“Van Eycke Das Geheimnis der Genialen Bruder.” Pan Unsere herrliche Welt. M 3529E (November 11 1985): 4-23 (ill.).

Hayum, Andrée “Dürer's Portrait of Erasmus and the ‘Ars Typographorum’.” Renaissance Quarterly 38, 4 (Winter 1985): pp. 650-687 (fig. 17).

“Family Art Game,” DIA Advertising Supplement, Detroit Free Press, May 18, 1986, p.29 (ill.).

Marandel, J.P. “A Valentiner Legacy: the Broad Stream of European Painting.” Apollo 124, 298 (1986): pp. 488-497.

Madigan, Brian. “Van Eyck's Illuminated Carafe.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 49 (1986): 227-230, pp. 228-229.

Jolly, Penny Howell. “More on the Van Eyck Question: Philip the Good of Burgundy, Isabelle of Portugal, and the Ghent Altarpiece.” Oud Holland 101 (1987): 237-253 pp. 243, 251, note 18.

Klein, Peter. “Dendrochronologische Untersuchungen an Bildtafeln des 15. Jahrhunderts.” Le dessin sous-jacent dans la peinture. Colloque VI, 12-14 septembre 1985. Infrarouge et autres techniques d'examen. ed. by H. Verougstraete-Marcq and R. Van Schoute, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1987, pp. 29-40.

Rivière, J. “La nature morte des Pays-Bas. Du mythe à la réalité.” Bulletin de la Société des amis du Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rennes (numéro spéciale. La nature morte) 5 (1987): pp. 26-41.

Roberts, Ann. “Review of Banchieri Fiorentini e pittori di Fiandra by Roberto Salvini.” The Art Bulletin 69, no. 3 (September 1987): 470-472, p. 471.

Smeyers, M. “A Mid-Fifteenth Century Book of Hours from Bruges in the Walters Art Gallery (MS.721) and Its Relation to the ‘Turin-Milan Hours’.” Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 46 (1988): 55-76, pp. 69. 75-76, fig. 18, notes 65-66 (ill.).

Recht, Roland and Albert Châtelet. Le Monde Gothique / Automne et Renouveau 1380-1500. Paris, 1988, p. 253 (ill. fig. 206). [identified as "Hand H" aka Jean Coene]

Ames-Lewis, F. “On Domenico Ghirlandaio's Responsiveness to North European Art.” Gazette des Beaux-Arts 131, 114 (1989): pp. 111-122.

Bietenholz, Peter G. “Erasmus von Rotterdam und der Kult des Heiligen Hieronymus.” Gesamtkatalog (1989): pp. 191-221, fig. 2 (ill.).

Hasenohr, Geneviève. “L'essor des bibliothèques privées aux XIVe et XV siècle.” Histoire des bibliothèques françaises. Les bibliothèques médiévales du VIe siècle a 1530. Paris, 1989, p. 214 (ill., no. 41).

Upton, Joel. Petrus Christus: His Place in 15th Century Flemish Painting. University Park, PA, 1990, pp. 11-12.

Vale, Malcolm. “Cardinal Henry Beaufort and the ‘Albergati’ Portrait.” The English Historical Review 105, no. 415 (April 1990): 337-254, pp. 352-353.

Reis, António Estácio dos. “Viagem à roda de um astrolábio pintado.” Oceanos 7 (July 1991): pp. 81-93 (col.ill.).

Peck, William. The Detroit Institute of Arts: A Brief History. Detroit, 1991, p. 75 (ill.).

Ainsworth, Maryan. Early Netherlandish Painting at the Crossroads: A Critical Look at Current Methodologies. New York, 2001, pp. 76-77, 102.

Quednau, Rolf. “Kunstgeschichte im Europäischen Kontext: Italienische Frührenaissance und Nordeuropäisches Spätmittelalter.” Kunstchronik 45 (1992): pp. 186-211.

Cavalli-Björkman, Görel. “Hieronymus in der Studierstube und das Vanitasstilleben.” Leselust: Niederlandische Malerei von Rembrandt bis Vermeer. Exh. cat. Schirn Kunsthalle. Frankfurt, 1993, p. 49.

Hunter, John. “Who is Jan van Eyck's 'Cardinal Nicolo Albergati'?” The Art Bulletin 75, 2 (June 1993): pp. 207-218 (ill., fig.5).

Jardine, Lisa. Erasmus, Man of Letters: the construction of charisma in print. Princeton, NJ, 1993, pp. 79-80.

Evans, Mark L. “’Uno maestro solenne’ Joos van Wassenhove in Italy.” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek (NJK) 44 (1993): 75-110, pp. 75, 82.

Zehnder, Frank Günter. Stefan Lochner, Meister zu Köln. Exh. cat. Wallraf-Richartz-Museum Cologne, 1993, p. 260, (ill.). [entry by D.R. Täube]

Stapleford, Richard. “Intellect and Intuition in Boticelli's ‘Saint Augustine’.” The Art Bulletin 76, 1 (March 1994): 69-80, pp. 69, 71, fig. 3 (ill.).

Petrus Christus, Renaissance Master of Bruges. Exh. cat., Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1994, pp. 11-12, 68-71, (col. ill.). [entry by Maryan W. Ainsworth]

Eidelberg, Martin and Eliot W. Rowlands. “The Dispersal of the Last Duke of Mantua's Paintings.” Gazette des Beaux-Arts 123, 1504-1505 (May/June 1994): 207-287, pp. 251-254 283-284, fig. 44 (ill.).

Pächt, Otto. Van Eyck and the Founders of Early Netherlandish Painting. London, 1994, pp. 53-54, fig. 35 (ill.).

Lievens-de Waegh, M.-L. “L'Iconographie: Les Sujects des Oeuvres.” Les Primatifs flamands et leur temps. Wesmael, Belgium, 1994, p. 292.

Stroo, Cyriel, and Maurits Smeyers. “Les Peintres et leurs oeuvres: Hubert et Jean van Eyck.” Les Primitifs flamands et leur temps. Wesmael, Belgium, 1994, p. 185 (col. ill.).

Rohlmann, Michael. “Auftragskunst und Sammlerbild: Altniederländische Tafelmalerei im Florenz des Quattrocento.” Alfter (Rhein), diss., University of Cologne, 1994, pp. 97-100.

Blankert, Albert. “Vermeer's Modern Themes and Their Tradition.” In Johannes Vermeer, ed. Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. Washington, 1995, p. 41.

Heller, Barbara and Leon P. Stodulski. “Recent Scientific Investigation of the Detroit ‘St. Jerome’.” Petrus Christus in Renaissance Bruges: an interdisciplinary approach. Symposium paper presented at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 12 June 1994, ed. by M.W. Ainsworth, New York, 1995, pp. 131-142 (ill. pl. 9-19). [Discussion: Response to B. Heller: by M. Faries. Pp. 145-146.; by J.R.J. van Asperen de Boer, pp. 146-147.; Comment by R. Wieck. pp. 147-148.; Response to comment by Van Asperen de Boer, p. 148]

Klein, Peter. “Dendrochronological Findings of the van Eyck-Christus-Bouts Group.” Petrus Christus in Renaissance Bruges: an interdisciplinary approach. p. 152 (table 4). [see Heller/Stodulski above]

Sander, John. Niederländische Gemälde im Städel 1400-1550. Mainz, 1995, p. 230 (fig. 142) [cited under inv. no. 1091, St. Jerome by G. David]

Henshaw, Julia ed. The Detroit Institute of Arts: A Visitor's Guide. Detroit, 1995, p. 170 (col. ill.).

Meijer, Bert W. “Piero and the North.” Studies in the History of Art 48 (1995): 142-159, p. 155, note 16.

Marijnissen, R.H., and L. Kockaert. “The Detroit ‘Saint Jerome’: The Story of an Interdisciplinary Approach.” Academiae Analecta 56, 1 (1996): pp. 1-40 (ill.).

Nuttal, P. “Domenico Ghirlandaio and Northern Art.” Apollo 143, 412 (1996): pp. 16-22.

König, Eberhard. Das Liebentbrannte Herz: Der Wiener Codex und der Maler Barthélemy d'Eyck. Graz, 1996, pp. 58-60, 62, 65, fig. 16 (ill.). [attrib. to Jan van Eyck and Workshop]

Asperen de Boer, J. R. van. Jan van Eyck: two paintings of Saint Francis receiving the stigmata. Philadelphia, 1997, pp. 72-73, 105.

Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery, Vol. 3. Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore, 1997, part 1, p. 208. [in cat. 243, comparison with image of St. Jerome in an Eyckian/Gold Scrolls Book of Hours, Bruges, c. 1450, W. 721, f. 277v]

Strehlke, Carl Brandon. “Jan van Eyck: Un Artista per il Mediterraneo.” Jan van Eyck: Opere a confront. Exh. cat., Galleria Sabauda. Turin, 1997, pp. 55-76 (fig. 36).

Hall, Edwin. “The Detroit ‘St. Jerome’ in Search of Its Painter.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 72, ½ (1998): 10-37, pp. 10-37 (ill).

Heller, Barbara and Leon Stodulski. “’St. Jerome’ in the Laboratory: Scientific Evidence and the Enigmas of an Ecykian Panel.” Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 72, ½ (1998) pp. 38-55 (ill.).

Christiansen, Keith. “The View from Italy.” In From Van Eyck to Bruegel: Early Netherlandish Painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Keith Christiansen and Maryan W. Ainsworth. New York, 1998, pp. 43-49, note 16.

Fahy, Everett. “How the Pictures Got Here.” In From Van Eyck to Bruegel: Early Netherlandish Painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Keith Christiansen and Maryan W. Ainsworth. New York, 1998, p. 63.

Sterling, Charles and Maryan Ainsworth. “Virgin and Child.” Fifteenth- to Eighteenth-Century European Paintings: France, Central Europe, The Netherlands, Spain, and Great Britain, series: Robert Lehman Collection, Vol. 2. New York, 1998, p. 24 (note 6). [attrib. to workshop of Jan van Eyck]

Ainsworth, Maryan. Gerard David: Purity of Vision in an Age of Transition. New York, 1998, p. 157.

Locher, Hubert. Domenico Ghirlandaio Hieronymus im Gehäuse, Malerkonkurrenz und Gelehrtenstreit. Frankfurt am Main, 1999, pp. 39-41, 63 (ill., fig. 17; detail fig. 26).

Freedman, Luba. “Titian’s Jacopo da Strada: a portrait of an ‘antiquario’.” Renaissance Studies 13, no. 1 (1999): 15-39, pp. fig. 4 (ill.).

Osano Shigeoshi. “Speculation on the Detroit Institute of Arts’ ‘St. Jerome in His Study’: The History of Its Philosophical Aspects and Their Acceptance.” Studies in Western Art 1 (1999): pp. 8-32 (ill. and col. detail on cover). [in Japanese]

Il Rinascimento a Venezia e la pittura del Nord ai tempi di Bellini, Dürer, Tiziano. Exh. cat., Palazzo Grassi. Venice, 1999, pp. 212-216 (no. 15 col. ill.). [entry by B. Aikema]

Rubin, Patricia Lee and Alison Wright. Renaissance Florence: The Art of the 1470s. London, 1999, p. 42, fig. 22 (ill.).

Bek, Lise. Leon Battista Alberti: Om Billedkunsten. Copenhagen, 2000, p. 32 (ill.). [as by Jan van Eyck and Petrus Christus]

Barstow, Kurt. The Gualenghi-d’Este Hours: Art and Devotion in Renaissance Ferrara. Los Angeles, 2000, pp. 74-75, 106, fig. 45, 90-91 note 61 (ill.)

Campbell, Lorne. “Jan van Eyck, Early Netherlandish Painting and Southern Europe.” Burlington Magazine 144, 1191 (June 2002): 367-371, pp. 367-371, fig. 43 (ill.). [review of exhibition]

Borchert, Till-Holger. The Age of Van Eyck: The Mediterranean World and Early Netherlandish Painting 1430–1530. Exh. cat., Stedelijke Musea. Bruges, 2002, pp. 97–98 (ill.); p. 121; p. 201; p. 225; p. 237, no. 30 (ill.).

Giorgi, Rosa. “Saints in Art,” series Guide to Imagery. S. Zuffi, ed., transl. from Italian by T. M. Hartmann. Los Angeles, 2003, p. 180 (ill.). [originally publ. in Italian, Milan: Elemond, 2002]

Puppi, Lionello. Antonello da Messina. San Girolamo nello Studio. Milan, 2003, pp. 31-46 (ill.).

Folga-Januszewska, Dorota and Antoni Ziemba. Transalpinum: From Giorgone and Dürer to Titian and Rubens. Olszanica, 2004.

Nuttal, Paula. From Flanders to Florence. The Impact of Netherlandish Painting, 1400-1500. New Haven, 2004, pp. 107-108. [mentioned in review by. B. Aikema. Burlington Magazine 148 (Feb. 2006), pp. 121-122.]

Châtelet, Albert., ed., “Les peintres flamands et l'Italie.” Van Eyck et la diffusion de l'art flamand, series Dossier de l'Art 119 (2005): pp.48-59 (ill.). [as by "Jan Coene (?)"]

Das Geheimnis des Jan van Eyck. Exh. cat., Staatliche Kunstsammlungen. Dresden, 2005, p. 204, (repro. fig 1). [not in exhibit, cited under cat. 75]

Evans, Mark. “The After-Life of St. Jerome: Giovanni Bilivert's Portrait of Neri Corsini.” Ciracumdederunt me amici multi: A Tribute to James Marrow from his Friends. Turnhout, 2006, pp. 189-196.

Aikema, Bernard. Review of From Flanders to Florence. The Impact of Netherlandish Painting, 1400-1500 by Paula Nuttal. The Burlington Magazine 148 (February 2006): 121-122, p. 122.

At Home in Renaissance Italy. Victoria & Albert Museum, Exh. cat. 223. London, 2006-2007, pp. 293, 366, (repro.). [not in exhibition]

Fera, Vincenzo. “Lo Studio del ‘San Girolamo’ di Antonello.” Prospettiva no. 126-127 (April -June 2007): 105-114, pp. 106, 107, 113 (ill.)

Bodart, Diane. “Renaissance and Mannerism.” Florence and Milan, 2008, p. 71 (ill.)

Brinkmann, Bodo and Gabriele Dette. Fokus auf Meister des Hausbuchs (Umkreis): Hieronymus und sein Löwe, 1480 (Inv. Nr. 1215), Exh. cat. and booklet. Städel Museum. Frankfurt, 2008, pp. 4-5, fig. 1 (ill.). [not in exhibition - as follower of Van Eyck]

Firenze e gli antichi Paesi Bassi 1430 - 1530 dialoghi tra artisti: da Jan van Eyck a Ghirlandaio, da Memling a Raffaello..., Exh. cat. Galleria Palatina. Florence, 2008, pp. 86-88. [entry by Judie Bogers. As Jan van Eyck (?)]

Brown, B.L. “Florence and the Netherlands.” The Burlington Magazine Vol. CL, 1266 (September 2008): p. 639 (ill.). [as Jan van Eyck (?)]

Dieter Wuttke, ed. Erwin Panofsky Korrespondenz 1910 bis 1968, 4 vols. Harrassowitz Verlag Wiesbaden, 2008, vol IV, pp. 174, 792.

Deneffe, Dominique. “La miniature eyckienne.” In Miniatures flamandes 1404-1482, Bernard Bousmanne and Thierry Delcourt eds. Exh. cat., Paris, 2011, pp. 166-171.

Fattorini, Gabriele. “Matteo di Giovanni’s ‘St. Jerome’ for the notaries’ guild of Sienna.” The Burlington Magazine 154, no. 1312 ( July 2012): 468-475, p. 473.

Woodall, Joanna. “’De wisselaer’: Quentin Matsys’s ‘Man weighing gold coins and his wife,’ 1514.” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 64 (2014): 38-75, p. 70, note 55.

Capron, Emma, Maryan Ainworth and Till-Holger Borchert. The Charterhouse of Bruges: Jan Van Eyck, Petrus Christus, and Jan Vos. Exh. cat., Frick Collection. New York, 2018, pp. 4, 31, 114, fig. 71 (ill.); pp. 127–129, 131, note 41. [as by workshop of Jan Van Eyck]

You, Yao-Fen. “Paul Coremans, Edgar Richardson and the 1960 Flemish Art show: A Transatlantic Friendship Forged by a Transatlantic Exhibition.” In A Man of Vision, Scientia Artis 15. Brussels, 2019, pp. 160, 162 (ill.).

Martens, Maximiliaan, Till-Holger Borchet, Jan Dumolyn, et. al., ed. Van Eyck: An Optical Revolution. Exh. cat., Museum door Schone Kunsten. Ghent, 2020, pp. 342, 391, 393, 425, 494, p. 340 (ill.).

Torfs, Michaël. "New Information from the Vatican archives sheds more light on life of painter Jan Van Eyck." VRT News (June 20, 2021): https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/en/2021/06/20/new-letter-sheds-more-light-on-life-of-painter-jan-van-eyck/?fbclid=IwAR2yDTxeGXqCSNX-Bh50s1zO_NxtPGqsvXI2YWKRoA5X6T69BC4uV6qWKos. Accessed on: July 12, 2021. Deneffe, Dominique. “La miniature eyckienne.” In Miniatures flamandes 1404-1482, Bernard Bousmanne and Thierry Delcourt eds. Exh. cat., Paris, 2011, pp. 166-171.

Fattorini, Gabriele. “Matteo di Giovanni’s ‘St. Jerome’ for the notaries’ guild of Sienna.” The Burlington Magazine 154, no. 1312 ( July 2012): 468-475, p. 473.

Woodall, Joanna. “’De wisselaer’: Quentin Matsys’s ‘Man weighing gold coins and his wife,’ 1514.” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 64 (2014): 38-75, p. 70, note 55.

Capron, Emma, Maryan Ainworth and Till-Holger Borchert. The Charterhouse of Bruges: Jan Van Eyck, Petrus Christus, and Jan Vos. Exh. cat., Frick Collection. New York, 2018, pp. 4, 31, 114, fig. 71 (ill.); pp. 127–129, 131, note 41. [as by workshop of Jan Van Eyck]

You, Yao-Fen. “Paul Coremans, Edgar Richardson and the 1960 Flemish Art show: A Transatlantic Friendship Forged by a Transatlantic Exhibition.” In A Man of Vision, Scientia Artis 15. Brussels, 2019, pp. 160, 162 (ill.).

Martens, Maximiliaan, Till-Holger Borchet, Jan Dumolyn, et. al., ed. Van Eyck: An Optical Revolution. Exh. cat., Museum door Schone Kunsten. Ghent, 2020, pp. 342, 391, 393, 425, 494, p. 340 (ill.).

Torfs, Michaël. "New Information from the Vatican archives sheds more light on life of painter Jan Van Eyck." VRT News (June 20, 2021): https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/en/2021/06/20/new-letter-sheds-more-light-on-life-of-painter-jan-van-eyck/?fbclid=IwAR2yDTxeGXqCSNX-Bh50s1zO_NxtPGqsvXI2YWKRoA5X6T69BC4uV6qWKos. Accessed on: July 12, 2021.