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Why is popularization of the Kazakh language among teenagers is a concerning issue in Kazakhstan?
The popularization problem of the Kazakh language is becoming an increasingly concerning problem. The main reason for this is that the number of Kazakh people who prefer always using the Russian language rather than their official and own language - Kazakh language growing. Even Kazakhstan has its independence, its valuable culture, and its unique language with great history, nowadays most teenagers are tended to use the Russian language anywhere, in shops, in banks, in Population Service centers, and even at their home. These adolescents do not recognize the actual problem of losing their own language, their heritage from their ancestors, fathers, and grandfathers. And as a result Kazakh nation can become a nation without its identity - language.

This struggling of language has started in the 20th century and existing till nowadays despite the independence of Kazakhstan. In 1920-1990s almost all nationalities in The USSR, Kazakh, Azerbaijanis, Armenians, and others should have to speak Russian. It was not prohibited to speak their own language, but the thing is that if people did not know, understand and speak Russian, they would not achieve success, could not get highly-paid jobs and they were considered to be uneducated and therefore belonged to a lower social class (Aubekerova, 2007). In the 1940-1950s politics of cultural and political domination of The USSR have amounted the Kazakh language to nothing. These normative documents stated “withdrawal of preferences for Kazakh language knowledge” in 1941, Instruction “About Russian schools’ deliverance from Kazakh language learning” in 1955 and as a result in 1955 it influenced to Kazakh schools’ closure (Zhumanova et al., 2016). Since that time, most families have always tried to speak Russian even at home to get maximum experience.

But even after the collapse of the Soviet Union people still prefer to use the Russian language and are tended to believe that by knowing this language they become successful and get better knowledge. Even the law of Kazakhstan makes huge support for the Russian language. According to the 4th article of “Law of the languages ​​in the Republic of Kazakhstan”, the State language of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the Kazakh language. The Government, other states, local representatives, and executive bodies have to maximize the development of the state language in the Republic of Kazakhstan and strengthen its international prestige and authority. Whereas the 5th article claims that the Russian language is officially used equally with the Kazakh language in state organizations and local self-government bodies (Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2013, art. IV-V). Consequently, government papers, human services, TV shows, programs are provided in Kazakh and Russian. The so-called politics of bilingualism present in all schools and universities, so there are Russian and Kazakh classes. And as a result, some people consider the Kazakh language as an unnecessary, useless language, because all information is provided in Russian. All people know, understand, and able to communicate in the Russian language, so people ask themselves “Why do we even need the Kazakh language?” So, what are the consequences of the extinction of the language?

According to Andrew (2020), if 2500 languages extinct during 21 century, this will only mean that in each of those cases a culture will be also lost. Language is the root of the nation, the god of worship. In other words, it is the history, culture, tradition of people. All historical discoveries, findings of Kazakh nation, all poems, novels, compositions, writings, and other literary works, songs, customs all of these are written in the Kazakh language. To understand or explore them it is required to use the tool, which is the Kazakh language. So if the next generation loses the language, they will not understand the culture, the history, and literature of our ancestors.

The next possible consequence of the lack of popularization is that it leads to a disrespectful attitude to the language from people. When people do not consider about their language and are not concerned about its usage, it means they do not honor their individuality. And as a result, the process known as "spiritual degradation" emerges. So that people lose their identity, unique value, and become uneducated in terms of upbringing and culture.

There is a great proverb in the Kazakh language to describe the modern situation “A country where the language is dead is a country that has dead being alive”. In translation, it may sound different, but the main message here is that the language of the nation is the most significant value of the nation, and the nation without its language is not an absolute nation, i.e. it is just a group of people. So, in my point of view, it is very important to promote our own language to save our ancestors’ heritage. “It (language loss) happens all too often - people regret that their language and culture are being lost but at the same time decide not to saddle their own children with the chore of preserving them.”(Andrew, 2020). Today people are usually aimed at the development of the country in a global arena, globalization process, but people should remember that the main worth is tied to our spiritual or inner values, our great heritage – language. So the goal of modern Kazakhstan is to promote the Kazakh language and its importance to the young generation in every existing way, including music, arts, scientific resources, culture, cinematography, literature.

References[edit]
Andrew, D. (2020). Language in danger: The loss of linguistic diversity and the threat to our future. New York: Columbia University Press

Aubekerova, Z. (2007). Language problem in Kazakhstan: Russian vs Kazakh. Retrieved from http://www.personal.psu.edu/zya5001/essay2.htm

Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (2013). The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “About languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan”

Zhumanova, A. Z., Dosova, B. A., Imanbetov, A. N. & Zhumashev, R. M. (2016). Language Politics in the Republic of Kazakhstan: History, Problems and Prospect. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 11, 4241-4253. Karaganda: The Karaganda State University of the name of Academician E. A. Buketov. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1114883.pdf