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Pleistocene rewilding is the conservation and ecosystem management practice of reintroducing Pleistocene megafauna or their close ecological equivalents to areas within their former ranges. It is a form of the conservation practice of rewilding.

Towards the end of the Pleistocene era, most terrestrial megafauna on earth went extinct, in what has been referred to as the Quaternary extinction event. With the loss of large herbivores and predator species, niches important for ecosystem functioning were left unoccupied. Many megafauna are ecosystem engineers, shaping ecosystems at the landscape scale, and the species lost in the quaternary extinction event had a disproportionately large ecological impact.

Proponents of Pleistocene rewilding argue that it could restore ecosystem function and improve resilience. In some systems, it has also been advocated for as a potential method of climate change mitigation, thus functioning as a form of bio-geoengineering.