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= Lamivudine/zidovudine =

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Medical Uses
The combination of Lamivudine and Zidovudine is comprised two nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). It is marketed as a fixed dose combo formulation under the brand name Combivir, which is FDA approved to be used in combination with an additional antiretroviral agent for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.

Pregnancy
It is pregnancy category C in the United States, meaning there are potential risks to the fetus during pregnancy, but potential benefits may outweigh the risks.

Adverse Effects
The most common adverse effects of Lamividine/zidovudine are similar to other NRTI's and includes headache, neutropenia, anemia, nausea, vomiting, myopathy and nail pigmentation. More serious and potentially life threatening adverse effect reported include lactic acidosis with hepatic steatosis, but it more associated with Zidovudine. HIV-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections need to be cautious about potential flares of hepatitis that can occur with abrupt discontinuation of Lamividine/zidovudine because Lamivudine is also used in low doses for treatment against active HBV.

Interactions
Lamividine/zidovudine interacts with stavudine and zalcitabine by competing intraceullarly for activation and results in inhibiting phosphorylation.

Interactions[edit | edit source]
Like other β-lactam antibiotics, renal excretion of cefalexin is delayed by probenecid.[20] Alcohol consumption does not have a negative interaction with cefalexin,[21] but reduces the rate at which it is absorbed.[22] Cefalexin also interacts with metformin, an antidiabetic drug,[18] and this can lead to higher concentrations of metformin in the body.[18][23]

Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

Pharmacokinetics/Pharmcodynamics

History

Drug Formulations

Society/Culture