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Many domain imaging methods require careful preparation of the sample surfaces. For example, some geologic materials must first be mechanically polished to a high degree and then require an additional chemical polishing stage (e.g. with colloidal silica) to remove lattice stresses and microscopic regions of damage associated with mechanical polishing. This is especially important for materials that exhibit a high degree of magnetostriction, such as titanomagnetite. (cite)

Bitter patterns are a technique for imaging magnetic domains that were first observed by Francis Bitter. The technique involves placing a small quantity of ferrofluid on the surface of a ferromagnetic material. The ferrofluid arranges itself along magnetic domain walls which have higher magnetic flux than the regions of the material located within domains.

Lorentz microscopy is a transmission electron microscopy technique used to study magnetic domain structures at very high resolution. Off-axis electron holography is a related technique used to observe magnetic structures by detecting nanoscale magnetic fields.

Zijderveld diagrams, (also known as orthogonal vector diagrams, vector end-point diagrams, or orthogonal projection diagrams) are used in paleomagnetism to visualize magnetization vectors isolated from geological and archeological materials.

Natural remanent magnetization Chemical remanent magnetization depositional remanent magnetization