User:Divemaster26/Central Sleep Apena

Epidemiology
Central sleep apnea is less prevalent than obstructive sleep apnea. Research shows that rates of sleep apnea are higher in adults over the age of 65 years, which could be due to older individuals having higher risks of developing CSA due to preexisting medical conditions. There is reduced risk of CSA in women, and a higher incidence in men. One study showed that the incidence of CSA in men was 7.8% and 0.3% in women. There are many factors that increase the risk of developing CSA. Chronic opioid use produces a mean prevalence in central sleep apnea development of 24%. An estimate of 10% of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have a CSA diagnosis. Cohort studies of stroke patients show a 70% development rate of CSA within 72 hours of the stroke event, although CSA was detected in less than 17% after 3 months of follow-up. Another cohort study from the Sleep Heart Healthy study showed incidence of CSA in heart failure patients to be 0.9%

Central sleep apnea is common in preterm, newborn, and infancy stages but a decrease in risk is found with aging and maturity of the central nervous system. CSA is less common after 2 years of age. The prevalence of CSA in healthy children aging 10 to 18 years is 30%. Children with underlying medical conditions fall under a prevalence rate of 4-6%. For children diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), CSA is more common and can occur in up to 53% of cases.