User:Djflem/Claremont JC

Claremont Terminal is a marine terminal in the Port of New York and New Jersey located on the Upper New York Bay in Jersey City, New Jersey, USA. It lies east of the Greenville Section on the waterfront between Port Jersey and Port Liberte. Developed through land reclamation in the early 20th century by the Lehigh Valley Railroad, in the 21st century it is largely used for transhipment of scrap metals with use of barges and connections to the National Docks Secondary rail line.

Claremont


The name Claremont appears in mid-19th century maps of Greenville Township, neighbouring Bergen City, and Jersey City, which were consolidated by 1872. The area was laid out on Bergen Hill west of Bergen Point Plank Road, now Garfield Avenue. Today's Claremont Avenue created the border of what has become known as the Greenville and Bergen-Lafayette sections of the city. The Central Railroad of New Jersey maintained a station by the name south of the junction of its main and Newark branch line until service was discontinued in 1967. Claremont Bank, which later become part of the Trust Company of New Jersey, began in the area. The Claremont Branch Library opened in 1954, and was re-named the Cunningham Branch in 2004.

Lehigh Valley Railroad
The Lehigh Valley Terminal Railway was a Lehigh Valley Railroad (LVRR) company organized in 1891, which acquired the National Docks Railway around the turn of the 20th century adding to extensive holdings at the Morris Canal and at Black Tom. The terminal site was developed in the early 1900s through land reclamation on tidal flats. The Lehigh Valley Harbor Terminal Railway was incorporated in New Jersey on March 10, 1916 to develop an extensive terminal development with piers on approximately 400 acres (about 277 of it submerged) of waterfront and underwater property in Jersey City. The terminal was created (LVRR) in the 1920s on tidal marsh. The LVRR collaborated with the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) to built the Upper Bay Bridge to connect the facility and other holdings to its classification yard at Oak Island Yard across the Newark Bay to the west.

January 1923

Claremont Terminal's considerable dockside trackage was used for transhipment from ore-laden freighters from South America to deliver raw ore, notably magnese and chrome from the Black Sea. for use in the steel mills of Bethlehem Steel in the Lehigh Valley in Pennsylvania.

These operations continued through the World War II, Clarmont Terminal used as part of the war effort in conjuction with Fort Kilmer, the Caven Point Army Depot, and the Military Ocean Terminal at Bayonne.

Post-war era
After the war control Claremont Terminal was turned over to Jersey City and was repurposed for the loading of US Army troopships and transports and was used for Marshall Plan shipments to Europe. In conjunction with the Caven Point Army Terminal it provided much of the material used by US forces in the early years of the Korean War. This lead to conflicts, often violent, between politicians and union dockworkers over control of the lucrative US Army contracts. Amidst claims of labor racketeering and organized crime, political boss theMayor of Jersey City, John V. Kenny, tried to assert control over the terminal, which to labor unrest. In the end, the unions broke but by that time the US Army had redirected its interests elsewhere, leaving Jersey City owners of a vacant and increasingly dilapidated terminal.

http://library.cqpress.com/cqalmanac/document.php?id=cqal53-1369261

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Cost-plus contract

legislative and congressional hearings

payroll padding

The Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor was set up in August 1953 (a year before the movie On the Waterfront) to combat labor racketeering.

It is held that the Gambino crime family controlled the New York waterfront and the Genovese crime family controlled the New Jersey side.

A Port Auhtority of New York and New Jersey survey from 1956 indicates that Claremont Terminal was use for as a ore transhipment facility.

Penn Central, Conrail and CSX
After financial troubles Lehigh Valley Railroad and by 1962 Pennsylvania Railroad had a controlling interest Penn Central was created by the 1968 merger of the Pennsylvania and New York Central (The New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad was added in 1969). It operated from 1968 until 1976. By 1970 it had filed for bankruptcy. A 1971 report from the jersey City Plannning Board states: "The major function of the Claremont Terminal is railroad interchange traffic with the Central Railroad of New Jersey in addition, there is some bulk steel storage for lower Manhattan construction. There are no longer lighterage at Claremont, or elsewhere in Jersey City, and Claremont is not equipped with car float bridges." Claremont Terminal was a rented with the land divided in various leases. On March 31, 1976, the property was conveyed to ConRail, as required by the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973. Remaining vacant for several years, Claremont Terminal eventually came under the ownership of CSX after the split-up of Conrail in 1987. In what it termed reinvestment in infrastructure, CSX removed most of the rail lines and pier space, intending to use the facility for bulk cargoes such as aggregates, stone or scrap.

Scrap metal and recyclables
http://www.simsmm.com/Local-Solutions/North-America/New-Jersey/Claremont-Terminal-NJ



http://pdc-connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/4570962/scrapping-old-ways-looking-new-ones

Today, the Claremont Terminal is used almost exclusively as a steel and ferrous metals scrap export facility.

It is largely used by Sims Metal Management for recycling. and

http://www.cleanearthinc.com/Locations/Jersey-City-NJ

http://www.cleanearthinc.com/claremont-channel-deepening-project

Claremont terminal was one location where steel from the World Trade Center was collected and analysed.

Fire
In August 2013, the terminal was sitre a massive fire which sent smoke billowing across the harbour. after piles of crap metal were ignited.

http://blogs.wsj.com/metropolis/2013/08/20/jersey-city-firefighters-battle-recycling-plant-fire/

Claremont Terminal Channel
Claremont Terminal Channel is 1.3 mi, or |6,900 ft, long and connects to the Anchorage Channel, which becomes the Ambrose Channel at The Narrows.

http://www.topozone.com/map.asp?lon=-74.0637523&lat=40.677603&datum=nad83

According to a design by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, between 2000 and 2003 approximately 750,000 cubic yards (cy) of sediment were dredged to provide a navigational depth of 30 feet below mean low water. Chemical analysis of the Claremont Channel sediment indicated that the dredged material was unsuitable for ocean disposal. and thus was treated on site.