User:Dlbbld/Fivefold repetition

In chess, the fivefold repetition rule states that the game ends immediately with a draw if the same position occurs five times. The rule is related by definition to the threefold repetition rule in that it looks at in the same specific sense how many times a position occurs. The draw must be enforced if observed by the arbiter. The rule also exists in the USCF Rules Of Chess with the difference that the draw is on request of the tournament directory only. Chess software does not support the rule very well. According to IA Steward Reuben, the rule was introduced not to prolong tournament games on a tight schedule. The fivefold repetition rule in the current form and independently, the at the same time added seventy-five-move rule, causes that each chess game ends in a finite number of moves.

Statement of the rule
The relevant part of the official FIDE Laws of Chess is quoted below: "9.6 If one or both of the following occur(s) then the game is drawn:
 * 9.6.1 the same position has appeared, as in 9.2.2 at least five times."

Tournament use
To detect fivefold repetitions can be challenging. In the game Khamparia vs Li, 2018, the fivefold repetition was overlooked, and IM Li's draw request for fivefold repetition was ignored. Li was later checkmated by IM Khamparia, Li's request was later accepted, and the game result declared as a draw.

Example
The game Khamparia vs Li, 2018, was drawn for the fivefold repetition rule.

History of the rule
The rule became effective from 1 July 2014 together with the seventy-five-move rule. The first formulation from 2014 required "five consecutive alternate moves" from each player, which was removed in the two later versions of the rules. The introduction of the fivefold repetition did not affect the existing threefold repetition rule.