User:Dlew522/sandbox

Community Development
- Community development as defined by the UN is a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems.

-term describing the practices of civic leader, activist, involved citizens and professionals that are seeking to improve their communities

- also a professional discipline and is defined by the International Association fro Community development as a practiced based profession and an academic discipline that promotes participate democracy, sustainable development, rights, economic opportunity , equality and social justice, through the organisation, education and empowerment people within in their communities, whether these be of locality, identity or interest in urban and rural settings.

-CD seeks to empower individuals and groups of people with the skills they need to effect change within their communities, community developers must understand both how to work with individuals and how to affect communities positions within the context of larger social institutions.

- many different approaches to CD, social economic, cultural, environmental and political development all looking to improve the quality of life within communties of marginalized groups of society

- i noticed some of the citations didn't lead to any sources which can be cleaned up

Category:Community Development: Neighborhood councils
- The neighborhood council article can definitely go into more depth and provide more clarity to history and development of neighborhood councils in the US and Canada. It can talk about what specific purpose they serve and how they help communities in specific ways.

-not all facts/definitions are cited, second sentence in paragraph 1

- the article does seem neutral

- can add to list of neighborhood councils

- It would also be interesting to see what the structure of neighborhood councils, leadership, workforce, how to become a part of the organization etc.

- Industrial Symbiosis waste and recycling

Week 3
- The article I am choosing to write on is the Housing and Community Development 1992. Since my article has nothing written on it I plan to contribute some general information basically a brief history on how it become a policy ( what policy was before it), and why the government  felt it was necessary to enact new policy, to what president enacted the policy what parts of American Housing and Community and its process of passing the house and senate lastly what consequences it has in real life.

Week 4
Because of the length of my document to read and and sufficient detail would be to time consuming, especially since there is nothing on the topic. So I plan to provide a summary of the key points of the Act and provide a background and History of the Act.

Lead Section (Introduction)

- Summary of Act

-Body

- Background -Consequences
 * Dates, Key Actors, Support vs Opposition, Voting lines in congress,
 * how did it affect American Communities
 * positives
 * negatives


 * What other acts did it amend?

Week 5
( Congress.gov)

Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 was voted on by the 102nd Congress and passed on (insert date). The 1992  Amends the United States housing Act of 1937 to increase aggregate budget authority for low incoming housing for fiscal year 1993 and 1994 and earmarks for its utilization; extends ceiling rents ; excludes certain child care expenses and excessive travel expenses from the calculation of adjusted income and apply to Indian public housing certain definitions of the Cranston-Gonzales National Affordable Housing Act; Direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to issue public and Section 8 housing tenant preference rules by a certain date; extend certain exemptions from waiting list requirements and eligibility restrictions with respect to income eligibility for assisted housing and revise the family self sufficiency program, especially with respect to escrow saving accounts, incentives for participation and action plans.

This bill was introduced to the house on June 5th 1992, passed the house in august 5th 1992 (369 yeas to 54 nays) ,passed the senate on September 10th 1992 , signed by George H.W. Bush and become public law on october 28th 1992

Subtitle B: Public and Indian Housing - Amends the United States Housing Act of 1937 with respect to: (1) major reconstruction of obsolete public housing projects; (2) reduction of tenant preferences in public housing for families from substandard housing; (3) reform of public housing management; (4) authorization of appropriations for public housing operating subsidies, resident management, and family investment centers for FY 1993 and 1994; (5) public housing vacancy reduction; (6) public housing demolition and disposition, including replacement plans; and (7) revitalization of severely distressed public housing, including planning and implementing grants.

Subtitle C: Section 8 Assistance - Amends the United States Housing Act of 1937 with respect to the eligibility of low-income families to receive rental assistance under the certificate and voucher program pursuant to the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990.

Subtitle E: Homeownership Program - Amends the Cranston-Gonzales National Affordable Housing Act to authorize FY 1993 and 1994 appropriations for the Homeownership and Opportunity for People Everywhere (HOPE) programs. Directs the Secretary to reduce the fund matching requirement for HOPE I (public and Indian housing) homeownership programs according to a specified formula. Makes mutual housing associations eligible to apply for HOPE II grants (for homeownership of multifamily units). Gives families residing in public or Indian housing preference for acquisition of vacant units under the HOPE III program (homeownership of single family homes). Transfers scattered site public and Indian housing to the HOPE I and III programs.

Subtitle F: Implementation - Directs the Secretary to issue final regulations implementing this title within 180 days after its enactment.

(George H.W. Bush on Signing the Bill.

-also known as H.R. 5334, establishes a sound regulatory structures for Government-sponsored Enterprises

-combats money laundering, provides essential regulatory relief to financial insittuitons, authorizes several key Administration housing iitaitves, and reduces the risk of lead based paint poisoning

-addresses the problems created by the rapid expanisions of certain GSEs

-establish means to protect taxpayers from the possible risk psoed by GSEs in housing finance

- creates a regulator wihtin the department of housing and urbana development to ensure that the bhousing GSEs are adequately captialized and operated safely

- in respose to regulatory burden placed on banking system that prevetns banks from providing the credit that is necessary to assure economin growth, by reducing the burden the bill assit banks barrowers and the economy .... HOW??,

- improves the Fed. Gov. ability to combat money laundering, penalizes financial institutions convicted of money laundering and strengthens fedal law enforcemnet capabilities significantly.. HOW new tools in fight war agianst illegal drugs and other serious crimenal activity

- anti money laundeirng provisiosn of the bill incude autority to seize funds are located in interbank accounts in the US

- legislation also advances the federal government's efforts to eliminate lead-based paint hazards, especially among those most vulnerable young children. Focus inspection and hazard reduction efforts by hud on older stock where the incidence of lead paint is greatest. It also supports the development of the state programs to certify contractors who engage in lead-based paint activities

(csbs.org)

- The housing and communtiy development act amends a numnber of existing lasws the purpose of the 1992 act was to ammend NAHA by removing many of its brudensome requirements
 * United sates housing act of 1937
 * anti-drug abuse act of 1988
 * the department of housing and urban development reform act of 1989
 * the housing and communtiy development ammendments of 1981
 * the cranston- gonzales national housing act of 1990
 * the federal deposit insurace act and the federal credit union act
 * the home owners' loan act
 * the international banking act of 1978
 * the right to financial privacy act

Some key points of the bill are as follows:
 * increases the aggregate budget authority for low-income housing for year 1993  and 1994
 * excludes certain child care expenses and excessive travel expenses from the calculations of adjusted income
 * requries the general accounting office to audit the national commission on distressed public housing
 * addresses the elgibility of low-income families to receive rental assitance under the certificate and voucher program
 * adjusts rental assitance contracts to reflect increaes in expenses of owning and maintianing units resulting rom the expirations of real property taxes exemption
 * provides for the termination of public housing tenancy for any criminal activity threatening the health, safety or right to peaceful enjoyment of neighbors
 * directs the secretary to evaluate adn report ot the congress on progress in furthering fair housing objectives under the cerificate and voucher programs
 * directs the secretary to reduce the fund matching requirement for homeownership and opportunity for people everwher
 * makes mutal housing associations eligible to apply for HOPE II grants
 * requires the trust to assist first time homebuyers with intrest rate buy downs and down payments assitance, but only with respect to mortgages financed with the mortgage revenue bonds
 * makes first time homebuyers eligible for usch assistance for manufactured homes and second mortgages
 * allows a nonprofit organization to provide for distribution to the seller or transfer of any proceeds remaining after repayment of the first mortage upon the sale or transfer of any property purchased with a loan under the grant progrma
 * ahthorizes the secretary to gurantee up to 100% of the unpaid principal an interest due on any eligible loan made to an Indian family or indian housing authority
 * repeals certain restrictions on funds for new construction
 * makes permanent housing for disabled homeless persons, transitional housing, and single room occupancy housing eligible for affordable housing assistance funds
 * reduces participating jurisdiction maching requirements under the program
 * permits participating jurisdictions to use HOME Investment Trust Fund money to pay up to 10% of administrative costs and up to 5% for operating expenses of community housing organizations
 * allows jurisdiction contributions to take the form of state/local bond proceeds
 * requires the Secretary to reduce the matching requirements by 50% if the jurisdiction is in fiscal distress and by 100% if it is in severe fiscal distress
 * reserves certain funds for assistance for insular areas
 * terminates the Federal Housing Administration Advisory Board
 * revises the maximum amount of any mortgage the Secretary may insure
 * revises the formula for the appriased value of eligible condominium property and eligible single family property
 * requries the Secretary to report annually to the Congress on the single family mortgage insurance program
 * prohibits the Secretary from insuring a first-time buyer's mortgage whose principal amount exceeds 97% of the property's appraised value unless the mortgagor has completed an approved program of counseling on homeownership responsibilities and financial management
 * authorizes the Secretary to decrease insurance premium charges
 * makes assisted living facilities that meet criteria eligible for mortgage insurance
 * prescribes guidelines for the revocation of depository institutions' charters and the forfeiture of their franchises upon conviction for money laundering offenses or cash transaction reporting offenses
 * authorizes the Secretary to require financial institutions to implement programs to guard against money laundering through financial institutions Congress continues to seek solutions to address the country's housing needs for low-income families.  The purpose of the 1992 Act is to establish funding and the system of checks and balances over those government-sponsored entities/enterprises ("CSE") that are created to take care of housing needs

Summary
Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 was first introduced to the 102nd Congress in June 5, 1992 and was signed and made law by President George H.W Bush on October 28,1992 (congress.gov).Also known as "The 1992 Act" the bill amended a number of housing, banking, and drug abuse laws that were in place at the time. It amended The United States Housing Act of 1937. It increased aggregate budget authority for low-income housing for fiscal year 1993 and 1994. It also extends ceiling rents, excludes certain child care expenses and excessive travel expenses from the calculation of adjusted income and apply to Indian public housing certain definitions of the Cranston-Gonzales National Affordable Housing Act; It allows the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to issue public and Section 8 housing tenant preference rules. The Act also extends certain exemptions from waiting list requirements and eligibility restrictions with respect to income eligibility for assisted housing and while revising the family self-sufficiency program, with respect to escrow saving accounts, incentives for participation and action plans.

Background
On June 5th, 1992 The Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 was introduced to House of Representatives to be voted on by the 102nd Congress. After being amended by the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, it was voted on and passed in the House on August 5th with 369 yeas to 54 Nays. It then moved on to the Senate and passed the in the Senate on July 10th. It then was presented to President George H.W. Bush on October 20th and signed into law on October 28th 199 The Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 amends a number of existing laws: United States Housing Act of 1937, Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, The Department of Housing and Urban Development Reform Act of 1989, The Housing and Community Development Amendments of 1981, The Cranston- Gonzales National Housing Act of 1990, The Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the Federal Credit Union Act, The Home Owners' Loan Act, The International Banking Act of 1978, The Right to Financial Privacy Act.

Amendments/Consequences
The Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 amends and extends a number of laws related to housing assistance, home ownership programs, low-income housing, housing for the elderly or disable person and other related matters. It amends the United States Housing Act of 1937, calling for reconstruction of obsolete public housing, reduction of tenant preference housing for families in substandard housing, calls for reform of how public housing is managed, it authorizes appropriations for public housing operating subsidies,resident management and family investment centers through the 1993 and 1994 fiscal years, reduces public housing vacancies, replacement and revitalization plans of distressed public housing, and providing Section 8 assistance for low-income families to receive rental assistance.

It also amends the Cranston-Gonzales National Affordable Housing Act to set aside money for the Home-ownership and Opportunity for People Every (HOPE) programs. It directs the Secretary to reduce the fund matching requirement for HOPE I (Public and Indian housing) homeownship programs. It allows for mutual housing associations to apply for HOPE II grants ( for homeownership of multifamily units). Lastly, it gives families residing in public or Indian housing the ability to move to vacant units under the HOPE III program (homeownership of single family homes).

The purpose of the The Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 was to establish funding and the system of checks and balances over those government-sponsored entities that are created to take care of housing needs.

https://www.novoco.com/sites/default/files/atoms/files/hr_5334.pdf

https://www.congress.gov/bill/102nd-congress/house-bill/5334

http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=21697

https://www.csbs.org/bankinglaw101/Wiki%20Pages/Housing%20and%20Community%20Development%20Act%20of%201992.aspx