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Displaced Dynasties Chronology    '''

This alternative chronology of Ancient Near Eastern History was begun by Jim Reilly in 1997 and continues through the present day. The chronology continues through four books on Egyptian History and 10+ papers on related cultures and their specific chronologies as they relate to this revision.

The first book in the series, Nebuchadnezzar & the Egyptian Exile, is described by Jim Reilly as follows:

The first volume in the Displaced Dynasties series was motivated by a single consideration. Almost seven chapters in the Hebrew Bible, exclusively contained in the writings of the biblical prophets Ezekiel and Jeremiah, describe an invasion of Egypt by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, dated with some precision around the year 565 B.C. According to these two eyewitnesses the devastation inflicted on Egypt was catastrophic. Every temple in the country (with one exception) was demolished. Most of the population of Egypt was slaughtered or taken captive. Only a small remnant survived. For years Egypt was left without a resident pharaoh. Temple worship ceased. The devastation lasted for forty years, though from extra biblical sources we can determine that sporadic restoration activity was underway during the final two decades, following the 543 B.C. takeover of the country by Cyrus the Great. This rebuilding intensified under Cambyses, following his 525 B.C. expedition to Egypt, and into the reign of Darius I.

There is but a single problem with this history. According to Egyptologists it never happened. The denial is based on an Egyptian timeline which places Manetho’s 26th (Saite) dynasty in the time frame 664-525 B.C., leaving no room either for a  twenty year interregnum or for an 18 year rule by the Persians prior to 525 B.C.  Amasis (570-526 B.C.), the penultimate Saite dynasty king, ruled throughout the critical forty year period.

But the historians are wrong. The fault lies in the Egyptian chronology on which the traditional history is based. That chronology, throughout the relevant period, is in error by 121 years! Saite dynasty dates need to be lowered by that amount, moving the dynasty to a position overlapping the first Persian domination of Egypt.

In the traditional history the Saite dynasty kings ruled Egypt for 139 years, from 664-525 B.C. They were succeeded by the Persians, who ruled for 121 years, from 525-404 B.C., this on the assumption that Cambyses came to Egypt in 525 B.C. as a conqueror and destroyer, initiating Persian rule over Egypt. We argue instead that in 543 B.C. Cyrus the Great invaded and conquered an Egypt defended only by a small Babylonian army of occupation. He immediately established Psamtik I as a vassal king, the first of the Saite dynasty pharaohs to rule Egypt as a province of the Persian Empire. In that capacity the 26th dynasty kings governed Egypt for 139 years, from 543-404 B.C.

This important change to Egyptian Chronology is the linchpin on which the revision rests. It relies heavily on the works of those who have gone before documenting the numerous chronological issues which exist because of a clearly extended Egyptian history. Every other revision, from Immanuel Velikovsky to New Chronology (Rohl) has butted up against the 26th dynasty dates which were thought to be solid and therefore left little room for all that needed to be placed in a small length of time. Once this bottleneck is relieved the anomalies described in previous works begin to be easily resolved. see Peter James (historian) and colleagues work Centuries of Darkness.

Egyptian History Revised
The four books in the Displaced Dynasties series are as follows:

Volume 1 - Nebuchadnezzar & The Egyptian Exile

Volume 2 - Piankhi the Chameleon

Volume 3 - The Genealogy of Ashakhet Part 1: From Amarna to Troy

Volume 4 - The Genealogy of Ashakhet Part 2: From Imhotep to Apophis

In the first book, The Chronicles of the Chaldean Kings[1] are followed to show the sequence of events leading up to the Invasion of Egypt by Nebachadnezzer as told by Jeremiah and Ezekiel. The history of the 26th dynasty and particularly the reign of Pharaoh Amasis are shown to fit best in a context contemporary with the 27th, or Persian, dynasty. The Apis bulls of the Memphis Serapeum; The Udjahorresne Statue Inscription; The telescoping of the destruction wrote by Nebuchadnezzar into the history of Cambyses and the proper context of Inaros, Amasis, Apries and Pharaoh Kbjd are all carefully placed within their proper historical context.

In the second book the Pharaoh Piankhi is given his proper context as a mighty king, many of whose accomplishments had been improperly given to his namesake 18th dynasty Pharaoh Thutmose III. He was contemporary with the end of the Assyrian empire and subsequent rise of the Babylonian empire. He waged many campaigns into the lands north of Egypt as chronicled on his inscriptions on the Temple of Amun in Thebes. The mis-identification of the Menkheperre Thutmose of the 18th dynasty with the Menkheperre Thutmse (Piankhi) of the 25th dynasty has placed the military exploits of Piankhi into the improper context of the 18th dynasty. This book sets that right.

In the third and fourth books, the Genealogy of Ashaket propose a chronology extending back into the times of the third egyptian dynasty. Many synchronisms with Biblical material and other histories in the region are detailed and the true context of Troy and the Mycenaeans as well as the Santorini explosion are explained. Egyptian history is shortened to the point that the Biblical Joseph ben Jacob is seen to be one and the same with the great vizier Imhotep of the 3rd egyptian dynasty.

Many new identifications of Biblical contacts with Egypt are demonstrated.

Menkheperre Piankhi is Pharaoh Necho who battles with Babylon over the Kingdom of Judah 2 Kings 23 and Jer 38;

Takeloth III of the Southern 23rd dynasty is Pharaoh Tirhakah of Cush who contests Sennacherib in Isa 38 and 2 Kings 19;

Akhenaten is Pharaoh Shishak who defeats Rehoboam;

Jeroboam I is Labaya of the Amarna letters; Solomon is clearly in a Bronze Age context;

Seankhkare Mentuhotep III of the 11th dynasty is the Pharaoh of the Exodus;

and many other small and Large events line up perfectly with the Biblical Chronology as presented in the Hebrew Texts.

In addition numerous papers have been written to discuss more supporting material for the revision as well as to examine the implications for Babylonian and Assyrian ancient history, primarily that the Kassites were absentee overlords and contemporary with the "dynasty E" kings of Babylon. Subsequent papers extended Babylonian history back through Hammurabi.

All in all the revision is extensive, covering nearly all of Ancient Near Eastern history and affecting understanding of the Egyptians, Babylonians, Persians, Assyrians, Hittites, Mittani, Ugarit, Greeks, Trojans and especially the Hebrews.