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Sulfinyl halide groups occur when a sulfinyl functional group is singly bonded to a halogen atom. They have the general formula R-S(O)-X, where X is a halogen. The best known examples are sulfinyl chlorides, thermolabile, moisture-sensitive compounds, which are useful intermediates for preparation of other sufinyl derivatives such as sulfinamides, sulfinates, sulfoxides and thiosulfinates.

Sulfinyl chlorides
Sulfinic acid chlorides, or sulfinyl chlorides, are sulfinyl halides with the general formula R-S(O)-Cl. Methanesulfinyl chloride, CH3S(O)Cl, is prepared by chlorination of dimethyl disulfide in acetic anhydride at -10 to 0 °C.

These compounds react readily with nucleophiles like water, alcohols, amines, thiols, and Grignard reagents. If the nucleophile is water the product is a sulfinic acid, if it is an alcohol the product is a sulfinic ester, if it is a primary or secondary amine the product is a sulfinamide, if it is a thiol the product is a thiosulfinate, while if it is a Grignard reagent the product is a sulfoxide.

Treatment of alkanesulfinyl chlorides having α-hydrogens with tertiary amine bases gives thiocarbonyl S-oxides (sulfines) as isolable compounds. Thus, treatment of n-propanesulfinyl chloride with triethylamine gives syn-propanethial-S-oxide, the lachrymatory agent of the onion.