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https://www.orartswatch.org/frank-kowing-breathing-the-high-altitude-ether-of-discovery/

https://www.smokesignals.org/articles/2017/01/18/walking-on-frank-e-kowing-jr/

https://www.smokesignals.org/articles/2022/02/03/linfield-to-exhibit-artwork-of-late-tribal-elder-frank-kowing/

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https://www.askart.com/artist/Frank_Eugene_Kowing_Jr/11388969/Frank_Eugene_Kowing_Jr.aspx

https://orionsattic.com/frank-kowing-stick-art-discovery-up-for-auction/

https://newsregister.com/article?articleTitle=grand-ronde-artist-rsquo-s-work-featured-in-exhibit--1644355725--42395--community

The Old Garfield School is a former schoolhouse in Salem, Oregon. The Garfield Elementary School was part of the Salem-Keizer School District from 1909 to 1973, when the City of Salem sold the property to a private company, who then renovated the building. It reopened as an office building in 1974, serving both private businesses and the state. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.

Building description
The building is located near downtown Salem, Oregon, on the corner of Marion and Cottage streets. It was built in in the American Renaissance style. (Talk about the

and retained much of the exterior structure. The exterior is made of brick. It has three floors and an attic.

Background and construction
The Garfield School was the first public elementary school in Salem which was made out of brick. At the time of construction, only six other schools existed in Salem, and all of them were made of wood.

The School Board bought the Garfield School property in 1908 for $4,750.

In March 1909, the public voted on a bond measure to build the Garfield school. Two days before the vote, a fire broke out at a wooden schoolhouse in East Salem, threatening the lives of 550 students. The vote passed.

Brick, a relatively flame-resistant material, was used to construct the building to mitigate the risk of future schoolhouse fires.

Local architect Frank A. Legg designed the building, and it was built in 1909. Legg received five percent of the construction costs. This was the first school Legg designed in the region; after this he went go on to design additional schools in the Salem school district and in other areas in the Northwest, including another schoolhouse in Camas, Washington.

Construction was completed in October 1909.

The Garfield School was named after U.S. President James A. Garfield.

Garfield Elementary School
The first principal of the new school was Margaret J. Cosper. She placed a strong emphasis on discipline and was known for playing martial music on her Victrola Gramophone while students marched out of classes at noon and the end of the day. She also valued European art in education; photographs of well-known artworks were placed in the hallways, and three Italian statues were displayed in prominent places around the school.

The original floor plan had two floors, and each floor had four major classrooms, one in each corner, with small rooms between them.

Closure and renovation
The Garfield School closed in 1973. A year later, the building was bought and renovated. Adaptive-use renovation turned the rooms into office spaces in 1974. Further renovation took place in 1979. This second round of renovation had minimal effect on the inside of the building, instead focusing on making the space leasable. An elevator was added to get the building up to code, and the playground was removed and replaced with a parking lot.

There are two murals inside the building reflect the history of the school.

The Old Garfield School was added to the National Register of Historic Places in December 1981.