User:Dr. Jeoraj Jain/sandbox

'''Jain Geography and Cosmology (A rare opportunity to globalize Jinvani and be benefitted immensely)''' 1.What is your mind-set ?

Do you find the contradictions of Jain Geography and Cosmology with the modern scientifically known Geography and Cosmology embarrassing? ii) Do you have urge and interest to do something concrete, so that the Jain Geography and Cosmology can be reconciled with the modern one with a win- win situation? iii) Are you convinced that it would be a great faith winner, not only for Jain Youth, but also for non-Jain scientists, if Jain Geography and Cosmology (JGC) can reveal not only what science knows today, but also other several important secrets of the Universe in a systematic method, which are yet unknown to the science ? 2. Breaking the Barriers Then first go through the attached path-breaking article, explaining the re-discovered original methodology to read and interpret the Jain Lokakash map. You would be surprised to find that all the conflicts of JGC with the modern cosmology have vanished. For satisfying your further thirst, you may read the Book (in Hindi), “ Jain Lokakash – Ek Vaigyaanik Anusheelan”, published by Samyag Gyan Pracharak Mandal”, 182, Bapu Bazar, Jaipur. 3. Your Dedicated Action Plan Now, you are ready to spread the right message across the world. i)	Lokakash map contains all the latest findings, as discovered by the modern Science, depicted in a systematic form of statistical pictogram. ii)	Lokakash represents data about several other entities, yet to be discovered by Science. a) For it, the first step is to draw a dedicated action plan as to how you can spread the information effectively and what would be your target audience ? You may intimate the same to the undersigned for better co-ordination. A lip service will not do. There has to be a time-bound workable action plan to let the whole community know scientifically about our invaluable ancient Treasure. b) The second important aspect of the project is to become “Agent of Change” by striving to change the traditional mind-set of the Acharyas / shramanas. Although they are aware that the present interpretation of the map is embarrassing and does not take them very far, yet i) they consider it be an act of Mithyatva to deviate from the traditional meaning of map.  ii) they cannot take the Lead to declare their acceptance in isolation because of their divisive Sampradayik entity or in other words lack of any unified active forum of Sakal Jain Sadhu Samaj. (It is to be kept in mind that for every Saadhu, his sampradaay is most important to him than the Jain Dharma.) [The enclosed write up in Hindi may help them to form a favorable  common opinion. You may plan a different strategy to transform the mind-set according to your own views.]

जिनवाणी की प्रभावना का अपूर्व अवसर --

श्री बच्छराजजी सिंघी ने सन 1945 में, "शास्त्रों की असंगत बातें" नामक किताब प्रकाशित करवा कर समाज को झकझोर कर उसे जगाने का प्रयास किया था। विज्ञान की जानकारियों के प्रकाश में उनको जो आगमिक भूगोल और खगोल की बातें असंगत, अस्वाभाविक, असंभव और  संदिग्ध  समझ में आई, उनको कड़वी भाषा में परोसी थी। उनकी बातों का किसी भी आचार्य के पास तुरंत कोई समाधान नहीं था। अतः समाज के विभिन्न अग्रणी आचार्य और साधु हतप्रभ होकर रह गए। ज्यादातर साधकों ने उनकी उपेक्षा  करना ज्यादा उचित समझा तो कइयों ने उनको मिथ्यात्वी, निरंकुश, विद्रोही आदि करार दिया।

खेद की बात यह रही कि किसी ने भी इसकी वास्तविक गंभीरता को समझ कर, सही समाधान पाने के लिए, न तो दिमाग और संसाधन लगाने का प्रयास किया और न समाधान ढूंढने के लिए समाज को समुचित प्रोत्साहन दिया। सकल जैन समाज ने विज्ञान को सही ढंग से समझ कर, गहन वैज्ञानिक चिंतन ही नहीं किया। इतना बड़ा ख़तरा और बोझ लेकर चलते रहने से, शायद आप सोच ही नहीं सकते कि अनजाने में उन्होंने जिनवाणी का कितना नुक्सान कर डाला। हम नहीं जानते हैं कि यदि हमने हमारे आगमिक खजाने की सही ढंग से व्याख्या करके वैज्ञानिकों को परोसी  होती तो आज के वैज्ञानिक हमारी जिनवाणी के सामने नतमस्तक रहते। उसको जब यह अहसास होता कि उसका समुचित भूगोल और खगोल का ज्ञान, जिनवाणी की सटीक जानकारियों के सामने तो समुद्र में  बूँद के  समान है, तो संपूर्ण विश्व सर्वज्ञों की वाणी में स्वतः ही  श्रद्धावान  हो जाता। किसी भी अन्य धर्म और दर्शन में, ब्रम्हाण्ड की ऐसी सटीक जानकारियां उपलब्ध नहीं है। ज्यादातर अनुश्रुतियों के आधार पर ब्रम्हाण्ड की कुछ ही जानकारियाँ प्राप्त हैं। अपनी श्रद्धा को सुरक्षित रखने के लिए, उपरोक्त तथ्यों में पायी गयी विसंगतियों का निराकरण खोजना बहुत आवश्यक हो जाता है। जिससे कि विज्ञान की जानकारियाँ रखने वाला भी जैन आगमों व महावीर की सर्वज्ञता पर श्रद्धा टिकाये रख सके। i) लोकाकाश के तथ्यों की आधुनिक जानकारियों के साथ उत्पन्न हुई विसंगतियों को समझने और समझाने के बारे में पिछले 10 वर्षों में हर सम्प्रदाय के साधक ने काफी प्रयास तो किया है। जिससे इस विषय पर बहुत सी पुस्तकें / ग्रन्थ प्रकाशित हो गए हैं। कई श्रावकों  ने भी [1, 2]  कड़ी मेहनत कर के विज्ञान के साथ तालमेल बैठाने के कई  प्रकार से प्रयास किये हैं। लेकिन इनमें अटकलबाजियाँ और कल्पनायें ज्यादा नजर आती हैं,  जो संदिग्ध और अव्यवहारिक हैं। कुछ साधक तो इन विसंगतियों से इतने तिलमिला उठे हैं कि कहीं कहीं उनमें अहंकार और अक्खड़पना भी झलकता है।

2.अपनी श्रद्धा को बचाने के अनूठे प्रयासों में पचासों उदाहरण देकर, अपने को सुपर वैज्ञानिक मानते हुए, उन्होंने यह रट लगा दी कि विज्ञान  ही गलत है। इसके लिए 100 ऐसे कारण गिना भी दिए हैं।  हालाँकि  उनके साथ  न तो जाना माना कोई एक  वैज्ञानिक ही है और  न उनके पास कोई वैधशाला या प्रयोगशाला ही है।  खुली चुनौतियाँ  देने के पहले यदि  वे  अपनी वैज्ञानिक औकात के बारे में सोच लेते तो अच्छा रहता। नहीं तो ऐसा हुआ कि किसी वैज्ञानिक ने उनकी चुनौतियों की तरफ, आँख उठा कर भी नहीं देखा।  लेकिन मजे की बात तो यह है कि साधक लोग उस नासमझी में भी अपनी जीत मान बैठे हैं !

क्या ऐसी निष्क्रियता वैज्ञानिक क्षेत्र में समाज की दयनीय स्थिति को प्रकट नहीं करती  है? क्योंकि आगम तथ्यों को सही सिद्ध करने के प्रयास में उन्होंने या तो अतार्किक और अधपक्के तथ्यों का सहारा लिया है या सदियों पुराने तथ्यों को परोसा है [1, 2] । आजकल के रिमोट-सेंसिंग कैमरों से सुसज्जित उपग्रहों द्धारा  इकट्ठी की गयी जानकारियों को एकदम अनदेखी कर देना कहाँ तक उचित है, यह तो रूढ़िवादी लोग ही बता सकते हैं। 3.यह तथ्य भी सही है कि जैन समाज में अधिकाँशतः लोग विज्ञान के छात्र नहीं रहे हैं। और जो रहे भी हैं, उनमें बहुत ही कम लोग उच्च विज्ञान की पढ़ाई कर पाये हैं। जो ऐसे इने-गिने वैज्ञानिक हैं भी, तो अभी तक उनको  इस पचड़े में पड़ने की रूची  भी नहीं  हुई है। लगता है  कि इस प्रवृत्ति (ट्रेंड) में अब बदलाव आ रहा है। कुछ आचार्यों ने  इस महत्त्व को समझना शुरू किया है। जैनी लोग भी विज्ञान के क्षेत्र में कुछ रूची लेने लगे हैं। i ) हम यह बताना चाहेंगे कि पिछले 3  - 4  वर्षों में हमने कई सम्बंधित आचार्यों से इसके बारे में डट कर चर्चा की है। पूज्य आचार्य अशोक सागरजी म.सा. (आचार्य यशोविजयजी के शिष्य), जिनकी निश्रा में कई किताबें प्रकाशित हुई  हैं।  विज्ञान को गलत बताने के लिए सर्व प्रथम आपने ही 100 कारण गिनायें हैं।  उसी कड़ी में पूज्य लब्धिसागरजी म.सा. से तथा श्रीमान संजयजी वोहरा से महावीर के जमाने की सही पद्धति  के बारे में चर्चाएं हुई।  अंत में यह सकारात्मक निष्कर्ष निकला कि वे अपने  नूतन ग्रंथों पर दुराग्रह रखना छोड़ देंगे। तथा शीघ्र ही एक वैज्ञानिक प्रयोगशाला का निर्माण करवा कर वैज्ञानिक तथ्यों से जैन समाज को अवगत कराएंगे। लोकाकाश के नक़्शे को, मेरे  सुझाये गए कूट / तरीके से  नए सिरे से समझने की कोशिश करेंगे। ii ) पूज्य बहुश्रुत प्रकाश मुनिजी,पूज्य आचार्य राम मुनिजी म.सा,पूज्य नम्र  मुनिजी म. सा.,, पूज्य आचार्य नन्दिघोषविजयजी, पूज्य वैज्ञानिक आचार्य कनकनन्दीजी, पूज्य आचार्य ज्ञानसागरजी, पूज्य प्रोफ़ेसर महेंद्र मुनिजी म.सा. (पूज्य आचार्य महाश्रमणजी म.सा के शिष्य), पूज्य आचार्य विजय मुनिजी म.सा. आदि के साथ भी काफी चर्चाएं और विचार विमर्श हुआ। लेकिन सबने कूट की पुनर्खोज को अच्छा प्रयास बता कर संतोष कर लिया, ऐसा लगता है। लोकाकाश के नक़्शे की नयी व्याख्या को हमसे विस्तार और ठीक से समझी तथा  सराहा।  लेकिन फिर भी अभी पुरानी पद्धति से ही चलेंगे,   ऐसा भाव फरमाया।  शायद उस पर कोई पहल नहीं कर सकेंगे। iii) पूज्य प्रमोद मुनिजी म.सा. (पूज्य आचार्य हीरा मुनिजी म.सा के शिष्य) ने महावीर के जमाने की इस संभावित पद्धति को समझने के बाद, इसको सही दिशा में बढ़ने का एक गंभीर प्रयास घोषित किया। उनका प्रोत्साहन और मार्ग दर्शन बराबर मिलता रहा है। अभी तक किसी ने भी इस खोज को आगे बढ़ा कर, जिनवाणी की लोक सम्बन्धी चल रही भयंकर विसंगतियों को दूर  करने  का  साहस नहीं दिखाया। ऐसा लगता है कि एक आचार्य दूसरे आचार्य के साथ शायद अहंकारवश, सार्थक वार्तालाप स्थापित करने में अपने आपको असक्षम पा रहे है।  अन्तर्सम्प्रदाय विचार-विमर्श के लिए न कोई साझा जैन मंच उपलब्ध है और न कोई इसकी उपयोगिता को समझता  है या उसमें रूचि रखता है । सब अपने अपने घेरे में मस्त हैं। सबने लोकाकाश के कूट की पुनर्खोज को अच्छा प्रयास बता कर संतोष कर लिया।  किसी भी  विद्वान संत ने इस खोज पर गंभीर टिप्पणी करने की या सुझाव देने की अभी तक हिम्मत नहीं की है । लेकिन फिर भी आलम यह है कि पिछले 5 वर्षों में जैन आचार्यों ने करीब 7  मोटे मोटे ग्रन्थ लोकाकाश पर निकाले हैं। रूढ़िवादिता के संपोषण का इससे बहत्तर और क्या उदाहरण हो सकता है ? [ऐसा स्पष्ट रूप से समझ में आता है कि हर साधु को अपनी सम्प्रदाय की ही चिंता ज्यादा रहती है, बनिस्पत जैन धर्म की। उसकी अपनी संप्रदाय ही सर्वोपरि है। वह उसी में इतना आसक्त और चौकन्ना रहता है कि कहीं दूसरी सम्प्रदाय आगे नहीं बढ़ जाए, या उसको फ़ायदा नहीं हो जाय। यह जमीनी कटु सत्य है। आपके मुँह पर तो समभावी होने के  मुखौटे में रहेंगे। लेकिन वे इस मान कषाय को छोड़ नहीं पाते हैं। बिरले ही ऐसे पूज्य साधु मिले हैं, जिनका मान कषाय काफी पतला है तथा साम्प्रदायिकता से वास्तव में दूर रहते हैं।]

नूतन सांख्यिक कूट (code) से लोकाकाश के आगमिक नक़्शे में भी कोई बदलाव की आवश्यकता नहीं रहती है।  यह शायद किसी  भी शास्त्रीय तथ्य के विरुद्ध नहीं जाता है। हाँ, इससे कालान्तर में प्रविष्ट हुई अशुद्धियें भी स्पष्ट समझ में आने लगती है।  इस पद्धति से एक एक करके लोक के इतने जबरदस्त रहस्य खुलते जाते हैं कि कोई भी वैज्ञानिक दाँतो तले अँगुली दबाये वगैर नहीं रह सकता है। लेकिन इस कूट को अपनाने के लिए हिम्मत, अपनी सम्प्रदाय से परे सोचने की व्यापक मानसिकता और दीर्घगामी दृष्टिकोण की आवश्यकता है।  साम्प्रदायिक मोह से ऊपर उठकर, लीक से हटकर सोचने वाले आचार्य ही इस नूतन पद्धति को अपनाने में सकल जैन समाज को नेतृत्व प्रदान कर सकते हैं। वे ही जिनवाणी की विश्व स्तरीय प्रभावना कर सकते हैं। देखना है कौन इसका बिगुल बजा सकता है ?

नए ढंग से लोकाकाश के वर्णन को जिस अंतर्राष्ट्रीय पत्रिका में प्रकाशित करवाया है, उसका सन्दर्भ नीचे मुजब है। लेकिन हम लोग यह भी समझते हैं कि अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्षेत्र में जैन धर्म को जानने और समझने वाले नगण्य ही हैं। अतः एक विशाल मंच द्धारा ही इसकी सुनवाई कराई जा सकती है।

Dr.-Ing Jeoraj Jain, “Discovering the Total Contents of the Universe”, Astrophysics & Aerospace Technology, 2014, 3:1, http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2329-6542.1000102

01.01.15 Jaina Lokākāŝa – A Guide and Treasure for Modern Cosmology -- Dr.-Ing. Jeoraj Jain 1 Key-words: Total Contents of Universe, Forms and Locations of Living beings,, States and phases of non-living matter, Collective Statistical Pictographs

Abstract In modern times, Jains face great embarrassments, when confronted with modern facts and findings of Geography and Cosmology. When children are taught by Jain Saints entirely different Geography than what they have learnt in schools, they do not get any clarification or satisfactory answers. This repeals their faith in Jain Āgamas. Under the circumstances, we can very wellralize that slowly and slowly they would be estranged from Jaina religion. Can we, as responsible ŝrāvaka, then afford to sit tight and do nothing to find a proper solution to this riddle? Following deliberation should be treated as a humble attempt in this direction. Mismatches which compel us to think differently 1.	A simple question arises, as to why we are not able to locate Mahāvideha Kŝetra, even with our latest gadgets? 2.	Scientists say that the given shape of middle loka cannot be realistic. It is like an artist’s conception. There are several speculations and temptations to interpret it in terms of astrology or geography to strike a match with the modern scientific findings. But so far all these exercises have been proving to be futile. 3.	One should ponder critically at one important fact that this problem of mismatch was non-existent during the period of Mahāvira, although both Lokākāŝa and Geography maps were simultaneously in vogue, at that time. 4.	The second important anomaly is created by the discovery of 1500 light reflecting earth-like planets in the so called Jyotiŝka Loka (In our Milky Way), in the last few years. They do not belong to the light radiating types of stellar celestial entities. Even liquids such as Oil-like, Juice-like or Milk-like have been discovered by the scientists on them. This, in fact matches well with the description given in the Āgamas for Oceans of Middle Loka.

Above two important facts have been taken  into account, while exploring the reasons and deliberating the proof of the new concept.

One of the explanations could be as follows: The present Āgamic knowledge has been derived from Guru to the disciple orally for about 1000 years after Lord Mahāvira. In the intervening period, before they were penned, there was a severe prolonged draught of 12 years at a stretch and substantial wealth of knowledge was erased from the memory during this period. Due to such and other adverse conditions, during the last 2500 years, we might have probably forgotten the exact method to read and understand such map of Lokākāŝa. Let us try to re-search it for its proper interpretation, so that its hidden treasure could be deciphered. First, think out of the Box to judge the nature of the Map and explore and ascertain the total contents of the Universe, available in terms of living and non-living things. An Idea has been advanced in this paper, as to how to depict the huge comprehensive data about this vast Universe, known only to the Omniscient through his spiritual powers. . 1. Introduction Loka is supposed to represent all the 6 Dravyas (Substances) of the Universe. Out of 6, 3 substances, called Dharma, Adharma and Ākāŝa (Space) are distributed homogenously in the Universe. They are found everywhere. Kāla (Time) is flowing. It cannot be represented by a fixed system of statistics. It may be a virtual substance. Its past and future cannot exist in it. In reality, it is only the modes of Jīva and Ajīva. However, the other 2 substances, i.e. Pudgalāstikāya and Jīvāstikāya are of two types. Sukŝma and Bādar. Sukŝma (smaller than microscopic) are packed everywhere in the Universe. But they cannot be felt or known or seen by us. They do not offer any obstruction or resistance to any physical entity. But the Bādar (Gross in a sense) dravyas exhibit 8 touches. Individually they may not be visible, but as a group or compound, they can be felt or seen by us. However, they are distributed heterogeneously throughout the Universe. 2. Lokākāŝa. Map In ancient scriptures, the Lokākāŝa (Universe) is described in great detail by the Riŝis, which has later been depicted through the maps also, known as Lokākāŝa map (fig.1). Its contents like physical matter and living-beings are scattered throughout the Universe. These are the materials (living and non-living), in which the modern science is interested or concerned the most. They are found in several modes and variations, which are constantly undergoing changes, as per the Tripadi law. Some of the contents are at the verge of their extinction and the others are just taking their birth. The modern universe is in a dynamic flux. Since we have physical limitations for traveling too far, most of these contents remained unknown or obscured for the scientists. The limitations on speed and mode of travel, in comparison to the vastness of the Universe, have been the main impediment for unveiling the comprehensive secrets pertaining to the total contents. The Riŝis, as per ancient scriptures, have known the total contents through their extra-ordinary mental prowess. A broad logical basis for depicting the contents of the universe at a glance could be as follows: The physical material content is identified in four different states and modes. For ease of understanding, they categorized them in certain logical distinctive modes and states, as a, b, c and d states as shown in Appendix-1. It seems that they have further sub divided each of these states in subgroups, as per certain specific criteria, which are identifiable by the different nature of habitants of each sub-group. We will try to understand these criteria in the light of the modern day discoveries. 3. Non-living matter Category wise clubbing of non-living materials of the Universe must have required great skill and exhaustive data of the whole Universe, which looks to be an impossible exercise, even for the modern scientists. How can a layman be made to comprehend such comprehensive data about the Universe? This also required ingenuity of a great mind. It was done by a method, which could probably be considered as novel for those times. The data was scientifically depicted by the Riŝis, in form of rings of a statistical pictogram. Grouping the non-living matter in 4 types (a, b, c, d as above), divides the universe in 4 distinctive parts. They are called Middle, Jyotiŝka (self-illuminated), Upper and Lower loka respectively. Such category wise clubbing of non-living matter generates a symmetrical statistical chart around a central axis of the whole Universe as shown in Figure 1. Here, the entire volume of a particular state of the material is represented on X-axis. Spacing of Bars (in elevation) on Y-axis is done mathematically in such a way, so as to present the total space volume of the Universe (Loka) by this 3-dimnsional pictogram. 4. Living-beings The living-beings are divided according to the different classes of their bodies (Appendix-2). Astonishingly, each class of body is arranged and located in such a way that it can be supported or sustained by that specific non-living material available at that location of the pictogram. This has been summarized in the Table 1. Recently, space-crafts fitted with modern remote sensing cameras have enabled and expanded the reach and horizons of the human-beings for exploration of outer space. However, Lepekhin [1] argues that the Unity of the visible Universe exists only when the time of information exchange is relatively small. In absence of it, when the time taken runs in millions of light years, the Universe is split into isolated ‘Unit’ areas. According to this hypothesis, we might never be able to cross even a single distance space-unit of cause-effect, comprising probably of a Galaxy or cluster of Galaxies. This may be a limitation for the modern physical world, as we understand it now, for exchange of information. It may be understood; at this stage that development of spiritual capabilities or artificial intelligence may enable us transgressing this physical limitation of cause-effect distance in future. However, as per ancient scriptures, Riŝis, with their extra-ordinary mental power, have been able to categorize the above noted 2 basic types of Dravyas, assess the total contents of each category and explain them to us in a simple comprehensive manner. With this background information in mind, the ancient Lokākāŝa map can now be interpreted or deciphered easily to discover the total living and non-living matter. 5.Middle Loka (Fig.2)  Lokākāŝa dwīpa, Lavańa adhāi Mahāvideha Kŝetra   ī ń ā ŝ Vaikriya body It represents the total material of the Universe in the basic first three phases of non-living matter, i.e. solid, liquid and gas phase. It is depicted by concentric rings of alternate Land and Liquid / water mass, as seen in the Plan view. Each pair of such rings probably represents land-liquid areas of one cosmological Unit (Lepekhin) of cause-effect communication. Each unit will contain standard 4 possible geographical features, represented collectively by mountain ranges, plains, rivers and Liquid Ocean. The Human-civilizations, scattered throughout the universe, have been grouped together, accommodated and represented in the first 2.5 units (called dwīpas). The no. of Suns shown for every pair of Land-Liquid might give very important clues about extra-terrestrial human-beings. The 2 Suns of Jambu- dwīpa and 4 Suns of Lavańa Ocean indicate that this collective Unit has Human civilizations in only these 6 Solar systems of our Galaxy or its Cluster. The next Unit of Dhātkikhanda and Kālodadhi Ocean exhibits that human-civilizations are distributed in its 54 solar-systems ! The rest of the innumerable units are capable of supporting only sub-human (Tiryancā) types of inhabitants. All the living-beings of this part of Loka are made up of Gross-Bodies, called Audārika bodies. They can aptly be supported by these three phases of the non-living matter. Above this Ring-chart, but as a part of middle loka, is shown the Jyotiŝka Loka. This type of plasma state of matter, as per modern science, is available in the atomic furnaces of all the stars. Here, only the self-illuminating objects are represented. The bodies of inhabitants of the special purpose Vehicles, called Stellar celestial-beings, are made up of special type of fluidic-matter (*protean). These can understandably be supported by plasma matter of the vehicles. They are called Jyotiŝka Deva. 6.Upper Loka The Upper part (Bhagvati Sutra13-4-5, Q-47, 48), called Urdhva Loka has a height of 7 Rajjus* (Rajju is a unit of length). It consists of 8 types of heavens, abode of Empyrean celestial-beings, (Deva Loka) and Siddha ŝīlā. Each ring of its chart represents a special type of matter phase, probably at very low temperatures. This phase of matter is hitherto unknown to the scientists. It may probably belong to the present two categories of matter, called EB and FD condensates (TABLE–2). This material supports living-beings, having bodies made up of special type of material in fluidic state (called Vaikriya body). They are termed as Celestial beings or Denizens of Heavens. They have the capability to change their shape at will, because of their fluidic body material. They do not contain blood or bones, but possess all the five sensory perceptions. These Denizens are further sub divided in two types, corresponding to the two types of their supporting material phases. The first type of Denizens is called Kalpajā and the second type is called Akalpjā denizens, which do not exhibit any hierarchical traditions. These rings are further classified in 7 types, as per the nature and purity grade of its material. However, they do not have cause-effect type of unit boundaries. The reason is simple. These denizens do not have speed limitation for cause-effect communication, because of their special type of body material. .
 * 1) As per type of substances: Categorizing all the materials as per their type and clubbing them together category-wise. These are then shown in form of statistical charts, for better understanding.
 * 2) As per type of living-beings: Generally, one particular type or a group of 2 – 3 types of matter can support a particular type of living-being. If two different types of living-beings are supported on the same type of matter, then they are segregated and depicted separately as per the type of Living-Beings.

7.Lower Loka The various matter states found below the Earth surface (d type of material) are arranged in this part of the pictogram. They also change their character with the increasing pressure of the column of the overburden and temperature. Each strip of the chart in elevation represents a special phase of solid matter, under specific high Pressure and Temperature. They are scattered throughout the Universe, but are collectively located below the earth-surface of Middle Loka. These rings are independent of cause-effect transmission, similar to that of upper Loka. The bodies of its habitants are also made up of different types of fluidic-matter state (protean). The material of these Rings is further classified in 7 types, depending on its exact range of Pressure and Temperature. Each type is depicted as a separate ring in the Lower Loka and has a separate type of habitant. It is found that the total area covered by any of the various mobile species of the Universe on their respective Earths do not exceed 1 Rajju diameter. Not only the Middle loka Earths, which has combined 1 Rajju diameter, but the other Earths of Upper and Lower Lokas also, whose diameters range from 1 to 7 Rajjus, cannot have more than 1 Rajju diameter of area spared for  mobile living-beings. 8. Final Discussion & Remarks: i)	           Now by reading the Lokākāŝa Map as a Pictogram, most of the present controversies with the modern Geography and Cosmology automatically vanish away. ii)	           The treasure contained in the pictogram, regarding the qualitative and quantitative data about Type and Extent of extra-terrestrial civilizations, Types of hither to unknown living-beings with special type of Body-materials as well as exotic states of materials and their abundance in the Universe etc, would provide guidelines to modern scientists for future exploration of Cosmos for several years to come. iii)	The arrangement of Sun, Moon, Planets and Nakŝtras made in the Jyotiŝka Loka should be treated as arrangement made for Falita (Mathematical) Jyotiŝa only. It should be kept in mind that Jyotiŝka Loka is not their actual place of location. Only self-illuminated or light emitting bodies like Sun or Nakŝtras belong to this Plasma-Earth. iv)	The postulate that Jambu-dwīpa is eternal and all life forms have existed on it is valid, because it represents a block diagram and not an actual geographical planet or entity. Thus the scientific findings of evolution, regarding Earth can be accounted for by Tripadi of the Jaina theory. That means a pictogram should be read as a statistical chart only. It should not be confused with or treated as a Geographical or Cosmological Map and invite the peril of being misunderstood. v)	          Scientists claim that the Galaxies are moving apart at increasing acceleration, i.e. the Universe is expanding at an ever increasing rate. However, it might represent the status before a few million or billion light years. We even cannot know the quantum status, because of the division of the Universe in several Independent and Isolated cause-effect ‘Units’, as proposed by Lepekin. As such the whole concept of Red-shift and Blue-shift, and their various explanations need to be reviewed in the light of Lepekhin “Unit” level Universe.  vi)	A Comparative status of modern Scientific Findings with the Jaina Pictogram of Lokākāŝa is given in Appendix-3 -                      -             -- References [1] Lepekhin FG, The Alternative Hypothesis of the Luminosity of the Sun. Int J Adv Innovative Thoughts, Ideas 3:1. (2014) and http://lepfed2013.wordpress.com/

Legends Figure 1. Statistical chart of the non-living matter (of 4 types) of the whole Universe (Triloka) Figure 2: First 2.5 Dwīpas  of  Middle  Loka Appendix-1 Phases and States of Non-living Material Contents of the Universe (a, b, c, d) Appendix-2  States of Sentient-beings: Appendix-3  A Comparative status of modern Scientific Findings with the Jaina Pictgram of Lokākāŝa TABLE–1 Phases and States of Materials and corresponding Living-beings Supported by them. TABLE–2 Analysis and Identification of Contents of  the various portions of the Pictogram at a Glance:

Fig. 1: Statistical chart of the non-living matter (of 4 types) of the whole Universe (Triloka)

Fig. 2: First 2.5  Dwīpas  of  Middle  Loka

Appendix-1: Phases and States of Non-living Material Contents of the Universe 1.1.	 Broad Classification of Living and Non-living matter 1.2.	Phases of Matter External to Earth surface (a, b, d)

	a = Solid, Liquid and Gas, b = Plasma,  d = Sub particles Condensates. 	As per modern experimental data, non- sentient matter can exist in 7 different states viz. Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma and 3 phases at Ultra-deep Temperatures, called Einstein-Bose, Derek-Fermion condensates and Sphatik (transparent) state. The last 3 states have so far been created in Labs only. 	The first two states of matter ‘a’ are normally available on the surface of the planets in gross forms of Plains, Mountains, Rivers and Oceans. They may or may not be surrounded by layers of 3rd or higher states of matter.

1.3.	Material phases forming Internal Structure of Earth (c)

	C = Solid and liquid states as found at various depths inside the Earth.

	As per Modern science, increasing Pressure and Temperature, on first phase of matter, can change its state / mode, i.e. can transform itself from solid to liquid or gas phase. If the pressure on a compressed matter continues to increase, its temperature would also go on increasing. For example, if we go farther below the crust of our earth (fig. below), the solid material would first liquefy and as the depth increases, it would cross its sub critical, critical conditions and would finally reach super critical conditions. Accordingly, the internal structure of any earth, depending on its diameter, can roughly be classified in 7 (5 + 2) categories [2]. The last two exist at supercritical conditions only. Their exact pressure and corresponding Temperatures are not known as yet. 1. Warm solid, (say around 9000 C) 2. Hot paste, 3. Hot molten liquid, 4. Super hot molten mass 5. Cold paste/ solid, 6. Colder solid, 7. Coldest dense solid These conditions of matter match very well with the conditions described for Lower Loka

Fig. Internal Structure of an Earth (Different States of Matter)

Appendix-2:  States of Sentient-beings: 1. As per Jainism, there are 3 types of living-beings. Organic living-beings, called Gross bodied sentient, possess Audārika Body*1. They are mobile and immobile types, having 1 to 5 senses. It includes human, sub-human and plant kingdom. Non-organic living-beings (also possess Gross bodies, like water etc.). They are immobile and single sensed. Protean bodied (Vaikriya body*2) living-beings, called Infernal beings. (5 sensed) Highly energetic Protean bodied living-beings, called Celestial-beings or denizens of Heaven. (5 sensed). [Note: *1 Gross body: It consists of gross material aggregates belonging to the audarika vargana (a group of material aggregates, which can be perceived through sense organs.). In the mobile organisms, the constituent matter is in the form of flesh, bones, blood, skin etc. In the immobile beings, such as earth, water etc, it is made of the inorganic and organic stuff. It is known that certain states of matter support, in a befitting manner, a particular type of Body (Kāyā) of living-being, so that each type of mobile living-being can also be grouped together for that state of matter. For example, the bodies of human-beings or animal kingdom cannot be supported by the substances and environment of lower and upper loka. Lower loka has very special levels of temperature and pressure working on their Earths of first 2 types of substances. Middle loka, where the first 3 states of matter have been arranged, has got suitability/ capability for supporting Living-beings, having gross bodies (“Audārika-Life”). Hence all of them from the Universe have been arranged in the middle loka. 2. The Protean form of Life: 2.1. The matter of Upper and Lower Loka supports mobile creatures of specific type of protean substance (Vaikriya Pudgalas). Living-Bodies of high energy (ŝubh) Vaikriya Pudgalas are arranged in Upper Loka and those of poor quality Vaikriya Pudgalas are arranged in Lower Loka. A particular type of total creatures of the Universe, which are supported by a specific phase of matter, are identified, measured and displayed in the above mentioned Bar-Charts. As for example, 5th phase of matter may support only Vaikriya bodies, i.e, bodies of a particular subtype of Denizens (empyrean celestial-beings). Accordingly, it is shown as a strip in the bar-chart. 2.2. The plasma-phase The plasma-phase of matter and the plasma supported living-beings are arranged in the Luminal (Jyotiŝka) kingdom, placed just over the middle loka, but below the upper loka, as its part only. It consists of luminal (stellar) living beings. The protean-bodied living-beings, residing in eternally available plasma bodied vehicles, are distinctively different from other types of living-beings. The plasma vehicles (light emitting) are also different from the shining planets (light reflecting) or satellites. 3. Modern Science so far recognizes only Organic form of Life. DNA and RNA are its essential building blocks. Only recently some other forms of Life have been discovered, which do not possess the traditional DNA and RNA. Silicon based life, discovered at the bottom of deep Pacific Ocean or near holes of hot geysers is another form of life. Similarly water bodied living-beings is yet another form of life, discovered recently [3]. They all exhibit the basic minimum traits of a biological life, without any DNA and RNA. References [2] Jain Jeoraj, “Lokakash – Ek Vaigyanik Anushilan”, Samayaggyan Pracharak Mandal, 182, Bapu Bazar, Jaipur, 2013. [3] Jain Jeoraj, “Science of Achitta Water and Conservation of Water”, Samayaggyan Pracharak Mandal, 182, Bapu Bazar, Jaipur, 2014. --                                  --- Appendix-3   A Comparative status of modern Scientific Findings with the Jaina Pictgram of Lokākāŝa Human-beings had very scanty knowledge about our Solar-System, before the development of Remote-sensing Cameras and traveling of Space-crafts. In spite of our all out efforts, modern science is still at a nascent stage of development. We do not know much about the extra-solar systems of our Galaxy. It is of course known that our Sun is one out of the 200 billion Suns /stars of our galaxy and there are about 100 billion such galaxies in the Universe. This mind-boggling vastness leads one to realize that our knowledge about the Cosmos is really like a drop in an Ocean. We summarize in short the latest status of the scientific findings about the Universe during the last 50-60 years and present a comparative status with the Jaina Lokākāŝa, of research and exploration for deciphering the secretes, in terms of contents of only 2 substances – living and SN	As per Jaina Pictgram of Lokākāŝa	               Comparative status of modern Scientific Findings 1	. Vātavalaya and Vātpindas	Such material Rings and materials are discovered on most of the space bodies like Planets and Comets. They have some types of air or ionic rings. Rings of planet Saturn are very famous. Vatvalayas correspond to such rings. 2.	. Non-living Materials in Middle Loka: i).Exotic Oceans, surrounding the dwīpas (Oceans of Juice, Milk, Oil etc.)	 Liquid material already discovered on several planets.  (Juice-like, Milk-like, Oil-like materials already found.)	ii) Earth Materials of Middle Loka  	Already discovered more than 1500 planets of various types of earth materials, even in our Galaxy. iii) Non-living Materials in Jyotiŝka Loka	Already Self-illuminating Plasma state of Material has been found on almost all the Stars 3.	 Non-living Materials of Upper Loka:
 * 2 Protean Body: It consists of subtle material aggregates (may, at times, remain invisible), which can be made to undergo changes in its form at will. It can vanish like Camphor (but not getting converted into gas) and join itself together back like drops of Mercury. This type of flexible body can be obtained by birth or through special techniques (Jivabhigam Sutra, 3rd Pratipati, 2nd Uddeshak-86-89)]
 * 3 broad types of upper Loka.materials  	Not much is known as yet.

These may correspond to 3 higher phases of matter, developed in the Labs, viz. E-B, F-D condensates and the latest Transparent Sphatik state. 4	Non-living Materials of Lower Loka: 7 types of lower Loka materials	Not much is known as yet. These may correspond to the 7 types of States of matter, generated below generated below the Earth surface due to higher pressures and Temperatures of Earth over-burden. 5.	Living-Beings in Middle Loka: i). Living-beings having Gross bodies    (Human and sub human-beings)      	No living-beings   No living-beings have yet been discovered outside our Earth.      (Scientists are still at a nascent stage of exploration)  However, about 500 planets, having earth like environment (Exo-planets have already been discovered even in our Galaxy. This gives a strong indication of existence of extra-terrestrial life, as depicted in Pictogram. ii). Human-civilizations in Middle Loka : Although they should be represented   collectively in statistical pictogram by one Ring, yet they are depicted by separate rings.                      	Depiction by separate land-liquid ring pairs may denote different Lepekhin Units of Cause-effect limitations, for Gross-bodied living-beings.  It needs further investigations.	iii). Human-civilizations in Middle Loka only in first 2.5 dwīpas	Although strong possibility exists for extra-terrestrial life, it is still to be discovered. Kepler Mission and Drake Equation have indicated strong possibilities of existence of several alien civilizations even in our galaxy-cluster. 6.	 Living-beings in Jyotiŝka Loka Special type of creatures, having bodies made of Protean matter, sustainable in plasma materials. No such material is known as yet in the Science. (Science even does not know, as yet about the Radiance-bodied living-beings) 7	Inhabitants of Upper Loka : Their bodies are also made of      Special Protean material  	Not much is known as yet about EB-condensates etc. or about any protean matter in space. Research on EB - material in outer space by NASA is underway. It may provide clues for such materials. 8	Inhabitants of Lower Loka
 * Their bodies are also made of

Special Protean material      	Not much is known as yet about internal structure of Celestial bodies and Earths etc. or about any such protean matter 9.	Utpād-Vyaya-Dhrauvya in Lokākāŝa. The shape, total substance, the structure and certain features of loka or dwīpas  may be invariant, but destruction and formation of their constituents, like living and non-living matter are ongoing processes.. As per science, the galaxies, stars and planets of the Universe are destroyed and new ones are formed. All species are supposed to exist since beginning less time in loka and dwīpas, but not on a particular planet. On a new planet, life has to begin and evolve. Therefore, formation of Earth and the beginning and evolution of life on it, does not violate any Jaina principle

---                          TABLE–1 Phases and States of Materials and corresponding Living-beings Supported by them.

Sr. no.	Matter phase	Supported Living-beings	Sub-group 1.	4th Plasma Jyotiŝka Deva	sun & stars 2.	5th  B—E condensate Kalpa vasi	Denizens of 1 to 8 Deva loka 3.	6th F- D condensate Kalpātit Deva (ŝukla Leŝya)	Denizens of 9 to 12 Deva loka as well as 9 Graiveyak & 5 Anuttar Vimana

4.	7th Sphatik (Ishatpragmar earth) Siddha	Siddh ŝila 5.	States of Solid above the Earth surface, viz, solid, Liquid and Gas Human & sub humans in the Middle Loka	Humans are only in the first 2.5 Dwipas of Middle Loka

6.	States of Solid Pressure(P) & Temp.(T) related states from 1 to 4 Denizens of 1 to 4 Infernal Lands   (Narka  world)

7.	States of Solid P & T related Transitory state 5	Denizens of  5th  Narka  world	Transition and inversion takes place in its middle depth

8.	States of Solid P & T related States   6 & 7 Denizens of 6 to 7  Narka  world

TABLE–2 Analysis and Identification of Contents of  the various portions of the Pictogram at a Glance:

SN	Which Portion      	Non-Living Matter	Supported Living-Beings	Remarks- 1 a	Middle Loka (In form of Ring- Chart)        	All the Land and Water mass available in the Universe in the first 3 phases of the matter, up to Gas form have been clubbed together  and presented here. All the Human-beings and sub-humans of the Universe have been clubbed together 	These materials are scattered throughout the Universe. Geographical data and features are presented in a collective form 2b	Jyotiŝka Loka (In the form of Ring-Chart) 	All the matter in the 4th phase – Plasma phase of matter of the Universe 	All the Jyotiŝka Lbs 	These protean bodied Lbs are supported by plasma materials 3c	Lower Loka (In form of Strip-Charts) 	All the matter in its 7 stages, (as found inside the Earth), according to its internal elevated pressure and temperature. Each state of matter represents one strip in the lower Lokakash map 	Protean-bodied living- beings (Lb) Each strip supports one Type of protean-bodied Living-being 	Each type of Lb is supported by that special Type of State of matter

4d 	Upper Loka (In form of Strip-Charts) 	All the matter in the last 3 phases of matter. 5th phase – EB-Condensate Matter 6th phase– D-F-Condensate Matter This vaimanik matter supports Kalpjā Vaikriya bodied Lbs. Akalpjā Vaikriya bodied Lbs (Graiveyaka and Anuttara Deva	 1st to 8th Deva Loka

Also Supports Devas of 9th to 12th Loka

The above Table summarizes the type and form of Non-living matter and its corresponding supported Life-forms, found in different parts of Lokākāŝa. Of course, the map is a collective statistical representation. In reality, they are heterogeneously distributed throughout the Loka. non-living, of the Universe in the following table.

For proper view of the table, please contact dr.jeorajjain.38@gmail.com -               Appendix-4 Possible reasons of Mismatch between Modern and Jain Geography 1.	A simple question arises, as to why we are not able to locate MV kshetra, even with our latest gadgets? 2.	Scientists say that the given shape of middle loka cannot be realistic. It is like an artist’s conception. There are several speculations and temptations to interpret it in terms of astrology or geography to strike a match with the modern scientific findings. But so far all these exercises have been proving to be futile. 3.	One should ponder critically at one point that this problem of mismatch was non-existent during the period of Mahavira, although both of these maps were in vogue at that time. 4.	The second anomaly is the recent discovery of several light reflecting earth-like planets in the so called Jyotiŝka Loka, They do not belong to the light radiating type or subtypes of stellar celestial-beings.

One of the explanations could is given below. The present knowledge has been derived from Guru to the follower orally for about 1000 years. In the intervening period, before they were penned, there was a prolonged draught of 12 years at a stretch and substantial wealth of knowledge was erased from the memory during this period. Due to such and other adverse conditions, during the last 2500 years, we might have probably forgotten  the exact method to read and understand such map of Lokākāŝa. Let us try to re-search it for its proper interpretation, so that its hidden treasure could be deciphered. First, explorer and ascertain the total contents of the Universe, available in terms of living and non-living things. Proof in favor of the existence of new method i)	Simultaneous Existence of both the maps during Mahaviras Times ii)	Modern Discoveries of materials (specially liquids oil like, Juice like etc) and possibilities of Living-beings of Middle Loka in outer space

Appendix-5 While reading the statistical chart of the universe, following conditions should be kept in mind: 1. A bar or ring is a collective representation of the similar states or types of living or non-living matter found in the entire universe. In reality it might be scattered throughout the length and depth of the universe. It is clubbed together and its sum total is represented as a Bar or Ring on a certain scale. 2. The mutual distances of various objects vanish in such charts, because they are all clubbed together. 3. As per science also, different types and phases of living and non-living matter, are scattered all over this vast Universe. It would be impossible to show and understand their locations through any prevalent geographical maps. The Riŝis have, by use of these decorative looking pictographs, made us understand the contents of this vast Universe in a simple and quantitative language. This symmetrical show-piece gives, at a glance, important information about the all the types and quantity of living and non-living matter of the Universe. It takes us far beyond the present level of our knowledge and explains many hitherto unknown features in a plausible manner.

Note: Diargams and tables are attached separately