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Overview

Enrique García Hernán (Madrid 1964) is a Spanish historian of the culture of early modern Europe. His research examines the interaction of religious sentiment, political thought and international relations in the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It attempts to bridge the gap between the study of forms of cultural and intellectual expression and the realities of political, diplomatic and military organization. He is a Corresponding Fellow (Académico correspondiente) of the Royal Academy of History (Real Academia de la Historia, http://www.rah.es/), member of the Board of Directors (Vocal) of the Spanish Commission for Military History (la Comisión Española de Historia Militar, http://www.defensa.gob.es/ceseden/cehismi/) and Fellow (Académico) of the Ambrosiana Academy of Milan (la Academia Ambrosiana de Milán, http://www.ambrosiana.eu/cms/page-191-191.html). His current academic affiliation is as a researcher (Investigador científico) in the Institute of History, within the Center for Humanities and Social Sciences (Centro de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas) at the Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas or ‘CSIC’). The Spanish National Research Council is the largest public institution dedicated to research in Spain and the third largest in Europe, (http://www.cchs.csic.es/).

Career trajectory Dr García Hernán has two doctorates, one in ecclesiastical history from the Gregorian University of Rome, and one within the discipline of early modern history from the University Complutense of Madrid. He has published more than ten monograph studies (single-authored) and one joint-study with his brother, David García Hernán. In addition he has edited or co-edited nine books, and authored more than seventy articles in Spanish, English and Italian. He is currently supervising a number of doctoral students. He is one the editor of a new series of monograph studies dedicated to the international impact of Spain, entitled the Historia de España y su proyección internacional, which is published by Albatros Ediciones in Madrid. http://www.graficas-soler.com/albatros/contact_us.htm

His first research focused on Saint Francis Borgia and this project led to the publication of a major monograph on Borgia’s diplomatic efforts on behalf of the Papacy in 1571 and 1572. This project inspired him to study the great Mediterranean campaigns fought by the Spanish Monarchy and the Christian Holy League in the 1560s and 1570s. This interest resulted in a number of important and innovative studies, one on the Spanish armada and the defense of the Mediterranean during the reign of Philip II (1556-1598) and one on the immediate circumstances after the Battle of Lepanto (7 October 1571). A number of highly-regarded papers – for instance, on the diplomatic efforts to establish an alliance between the Holy League and Safavid Persia in the early 1570s; on the ‘messianic outlook’ of Pope St Pius V (pontificate 1566-1572); on the campaigns that saw the conquest and loss of Tunis in 1573-74 – have resulted from these works. In turn, these interests in the Mediterranean have led to a number of research projects and have influenced the works of historians such as Beatriz Alonso Acero and Phillip Williams.

Dr García Hernán's other principal area of interest lies in the relationship between Ireland, the Spanish Monarchy and the Papacy in the sixteenth-, seventeenth- and eighteenth-centuries. Again, this line of ‘investigación’ can be traced back to the pontificate of Pius V. Dr García Hernán’s research has cast light on the complex web of diplomatic relations that sprung up after 1560; in particular it has led to the study of the negotiations between Madrid, Rome and the Gaelic nobles and aristocrats who came to be increasingly alienated by the Tudor regime in Ireland and who, correspondingly, looked to the Habsburgs of Spain as their natural protectors. This project has led to the forging of links between groups of historians and academics in Spain and Ireland. It has provided important new perspectives not only on the (often-tortuous) diplomatic exchanges between London, Dublin, Rome and Madrid, but also on the relative military strengths of the protagonists. In turn these insights have spawned a number of doctoral research projects, which have been brought to fruition by students such as Igor Pérez Tostado, Óscar Recio Morales, Diego Téllez Alarcia, Eduardo De Mesa and Cristina Bravo. The exploration of the vast archive holdings in Simancas, Madrid and Rome has made us aware of the presence of large numbers of Irish troops in Habsburg armies and fleets after the defeat of the Irish rebellion at the Battle of Kinsale (1601). This rebellion had been sponsored and assisted by Philip III of Spain (1598-1621). Dr García Hernán is working currently on the Mission of Ireland, a database with more than 35,000 documents detailing the ‘viatica’ of Irish priests instructed in Spain and sent to Ireland. Interdisciplinary research:

Dr García Hernán’s works have sought to break down barriers between the various disciplines of the humanities and between the self-contained and isolated narratives of national history. His books, reviews, articles, edited volumes and conferences have challenged the traditional and recurring barriers that separate literary studies from theology and history; his works have also sought to re-integrate our understanding of developments in Spain with events in Italy, England and Ireland. His research has, therefore, always been thoroughly interdisciplinary in nature and international in its scope and range. Current projects and future research plans: Dr García Hernán is an academic (or ‘scientific’) adviser of the military history of Spain, Historia Militar de España, whose overall director is Hugo O´Donnnell. At present two volumes have been published and the next couple will appear in the coming months.

A number of other projects are currently being prepared. Dr García Hernán is helping to organize a conference that will be held in Cadiz on 18-19 October 2012 on ‘Ireland in the Spain of the Cortes of Cádiz 1812.’ For information on the research into links between Spain and Ireland in the early modern period, see the website: www.irishinspain.es

As the co-founder and editor of the series of a new series of monograph studies (Historia de España y su proyección internacional, mentioned above) Dr García Hernán welcomes proposals for studies that break down the barriers between national histories and the disciplines.

Dr García Hernán was appointed to the board of the Comisión Española de Historia Militar in 2006. In the following year he was elected to the Real Academia de Historia. In 2010 he was made a fellow of the Ambrosiana Academy of Milan (la Academia Ambrosiana de Milán).

Major works: Monograph studies in English

Ireland and Spain in the reign of Philip II; Four Courts Press, Dublin 2009, pp.392; ISBN: 978-1-84682-166-0

Monograph studies in Spanish:

- ''Consejero de Ambos Mundos. Vida y obra de Juan de Solórzano Pereira (1575-1655)''; Fundación Mapfre, Madrid 2007, pp.421; ISBN: 978-84-9844-056-0 - ''Irlanda y el rey prudente. Segunda Parte''; Laberinto, Madrid 2003; pp.278; ISBN. 84-8483-089-6 - ''Milicia General en la Edad Moderna. El Batallón de don Rafael de la Barreda y Figueroa''; Ministerio de Defensa, Madrid 2003, pp.320; ISBN: 84-9781-061-9 - La cuestión irlandesa en la política internacional de Felipe II; Universidad Complutense, Madrid 2002, Ref. Book and CD-Rom. pp 719; ISBN. 84-669-1063-8 - ''Políticos de la Monarquía Hispánica, 1469-1700. Ensayo y Diccionario''; Fundación Mapfre Tavera, Madrid 2002; pp.888; ISBN. 84-8479-025-8 - ''Irlanda y el rey prudente. Primera Parte''; Laberinto, Madrid 2000; pp.286; ISBN: 84-87482-68-6 - La acción diplomática de Francisco de Borja al servicio del Pontificado, 1571-1572; Generalitat de Valencia, Valencia 2000; pp.562; ISBN: 84-482-2367-7. - Francisco de Borja, Grande de España; Institutió Alfons el Magnànim, Valencia 1999; pp.354; ISBN: 84-782-275-8 - La armada española en la monarquía de Felipe II y la defensa del Mediterráneo; Tempo, Madrid, 1995; pp.181; ISBN: 88381-11-5 - With David García Hernán, Lepanto: el día después; Actas, Madrid 1999, pp.191; ISBN: 84-87863-77-9 Edited Volumes:

- with María del Pilar Ryan, ''Francisco de Borja y su tiempo. Política, Religión y cultura en la Edad Moderna''; Valencia-Roma, IHSI, 2011, pp.800 ISBN. 978-88-7041-374-8. with Igor Pérez Tostado, ''Irlanda y el Mundo Atlántico. Movilidad, participación e intercambio cultural''; Albatros, Valencia 2010; pp.355; ISBN: 978-84-7274-287-1. - ''Monumenta Borgia VII (1551-1566). Sanctus Franciscus Borgia Quartus Gandiae Dux et Societatis Iesu Praepositus Generalis Tertius. Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu, vol. 157''; Instituto Histórico de la Compañía de Jesús-Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia-Rome 2009; pp.858; ISBN: 978-88-7041-157-7 - with Oscar Recio Morales, Extranjeros en el ejército: Militares irlandeses en la sociedad española, 1580 – 1818; Ministerio de Defensa, Madrid 2007; pp.422; ISBN: 978-84-978-342-6; - with Davide Maffi, ''Guerra y Sociedad en la Monarquía Hispánica. Política, Estrategia y Cultura en la Edad Moderna (1500-1700)'';2 volúmenes; Ediciones del Laberinto, Fundación Mapfre, CSIC, Madrid 2006; vol I pp.1054 and vol.II pp.1024; ISBN: 84-8483-224-4 / 978-84-8483-224-9 - with José María Blanco Núñez and Pablo de Castro Martín, Poder Terrestre y Poder Naval en la época de la batalla de Trafalgar; Ministerio de Defensa, Madrid 2006; pp.702; ISBN: 84-9781-269-7 - ''Monumenta Borgia VI (1478-1551). Sanctus Franciscus Borgia Quartus Gandiae Dux et Societatis Iesu Praepositus Generalis Tertius. Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu, vol. 156''; Instituto Histórico de la Compañía de Jesús-Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia-Rome, 2003; pp.752; ISBN: 84-482-3354-9/ 88-7041-156-7 - with Miguel Ángel de Bunes, Oscar Recio Morales, Bernardo J. García García, ''Irlanda y la Monarquía Hispánica. Kinsale, 1601-2001. Política, Guerra, Exilio y Religión''; Universidad de Alcalá- CSIC. Biblioteca de Historia 51, Madrid 202; pp.567; ISBN: 84-00-0867-X

Papers in English:

- ‘The price of spying at the Battle of Lepanto’, in Eurasian Studies, II/2 (2003), pp. 227-250 - 'The Persian Gentlemen at the Spanish Court in the Early Seventeenth Century', in Rudi Matthee and Jorge Flores (eds), Portugal the Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia, Peeter, Lovanii 2011, pp. 283-300, ISBN. 978-90-429-2448-2 - 'Irish clerics in Madrid, 1598-1665', in Thomas O´Connor – Mary Lyons(ed.), Irish Communities in Early-Moderns Europe, Four Courts Press, Dublín 2006, 267-293. ISBN: 1-85182-993-8 - 'Philip II´s forgotten armada', in Hiram Morgan (ed.), The Battle of Kinsale, Wordwell Ltd., Cork 2004, 45-58. ISBN: 1-869857-70-4

National and international awards and prizes:

Finalist in the National Award for History 2007 (Premio Nacional de Historia 2007) for the book ''Consejo de Ambos Mundo. Vida y obra de Juan de Solórzano Pereira'', see above for details.)

Prize for the Outstanding Study of Military History 2002 (Premio Ejército de Tierra). Granted by: Ministerio de Defensa. Title of Book: Milicia General en la Edad Moderna: El batallón de Don Rafael de la Barreda y Figueroa, see above for details.)

The Roberto Bellarmino Prize for the Outstanding Doctorate in International History 1998 (Premio Internacional de Doctorado Roberto Bellarmino). Granted by: Universidad Gregoriana de Roma, for the best doctoral thesis: La acción diplomática de Francisco de Borja al servicio del pontificado, 1571-1572, see above for details.)

The Premio Virgen del Mar 1994. Granted by: The Ministerio de Defensa. Book: La armada española en la monarquía de Felipe II y la defensa del Mediterráneo, see above for details.)

Prize for the Outstanding Study in Military History 1993 (Premio Ejército de Tierra). Granted by: Ministerio de Defensa. Title of Book: La proyección política-militar de la victoria de Lepanto, see above for details.)

Links:

A great deal of information on forthcoming publications, grants, conferences, new books can be found in the web-pages of the Spanish Royal Academy of History (Real Academia de Historia), the Spanish Commission for Military History (Comisión Española de Historia Militar), the Ambrosiana Academy of Milan and the Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas). In addition, the site dedicated to research into the presence of Irish in early modern Spain provides information on a wide range of programmes and projects.

www.irishinspain.es

http://www.rah.es/

http://www.defensa.gob.es/ceseden/cehismi/

http://www.ambrosiana.eu/cms/page-191-191.html

http://www.cchs.csic.es/

http://www.graficas-soler.com/