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= Gunapadam =

Gunapadam, Gunam (properties of drugs), and Padam (detailed study) is the branch of Siddha medical science (Siddha Pharmacology) which deals with the detailed study of medical drugs and their uses. This branch of materia medica exquisitely describes the therapeutic properties of innumerable varieties of raw drugs (Moolaporutkal) of plant, animal, or mineral origin used in Siddha, its purification methods (Suddhi), and the Medicinal formulary. Gunapadam could be briefed under the headings of Raw drugs (Moola porutkal), Fundamental principles (Adipadai Thathuvam), Purification methods (Suddhi Murai) and Preparation or pharmaceutical (Marunthu sei iyal).

Raw drugs (Moola porutkal)
Materials of herbal origin (Thavara porul), animal origin (Jeeva porul) and Mineral origin (thathu porul) are used exclusively in Siddha medicine


 * Raw drugs of Plant Origin

Plant material, either raw or in dried form is the main source for preparing Siddha medicine. This is categorized into 11 sub divisions based on the plant part used in preparing medicines.


 * Raw drugs of Animal origin

Many of the Animal sources, marine products are used in the preparation of Siddha medicine.


 * Raw drugs of Metals and Mineral origin

Raw drugs selected from mineral resources form an integral part of Siddha medicine. About 220 materials enlisted in Siddha medicine is procurred from Mineral resources. This includes several metals (Ulokam), salts and alkalies (Karasaram), Metal and mineral salts/Toxic minerals (Padanam) and Subminerals (Uparasam).

Fundamental principles (Adipadai Thathuvam)
Gunapadam is strictly concepted on Natural principles and considers human being as the exact replica of nature. Siddhar Sattaimuni in his verse “ Andathil ullathe pindam, pindaththilk ullathe andam”  clearly depicts the statement that what exist in Macrocosm exists within ourselves (microcosm) and vice versa. Five elements (panchabhootham) is the basic ideology of Siddha medicine and Six taste (Arusuvai)  is the applied part in it. Five elements are present in diverse proportion in all living and non-living things. The physical body of all living beings is the manifestation of Five elements. Materials from nature are carefully selected and processed to potent medicines based on the concept.

Purification methods (Suddhi murai)
Each raw drug of either plant or mineral origin is detoxified as per the traditional literatures before adding in medicines

Preparation or pharmaceutical (Marunthu sei iyal)
Formulations are categorized into 34 internal drugs and 34 external applications based on the mode of usage