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Kelsey Rodowicz v. State of Pennsylvania, is a Supreme Court of the United States case before the Court on an issue of entrapment.

Background
In August 2021, Kelsey Rodowicz was driving her bus at around 4:00 a.m. through New Holland, Pennsylvania when she struck a decoy that appeared to be a second grader crossing a street. Pennsylvania State Police quickly responded to the incedent and arrested Rodowicz at the scene and charged her with reckless driving.

In the initial trial Rodowicz' attorney claimed that the State of Pennsylvania's use of decoys was a form of entrapment based on the objective test. The trial resulted in a hung jury. The case was then randomly assigned to one of the twelve United States courts of appeals with geographic jurisdiction. The case was transferred to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on November 10, 2021. On December 5, 2021, the court denied the petition by an 8–8 vote, over the dissents of Chief Judge Michael Chagares and Judge Thomas L. Ambro, joined by six additional judges.

On December 2, 2021 an audio recording of Rodowicz stating that a decoy was worth "half as many points as a real child" surfaced causing controversy surrounding Rodowicz' intents that night, but the district court ruled that this recording had been obtained illegally and was excluded from evidence.

On December 17, 2021, the case was transferred to the Supreme Court.

Supreme Court
Oral argument was held on January 6, 2022. The Supreme Court ruled that the decoys did qualify as entrapment as established in Sorrells v. United States. In a concurring statement written by Justice Neil Gorsuch and joined by Justices Amy Coney Barrett, Brett Kavanaugh, Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas, Gorsuch wrote that Rodowicz would not have been charged with reckless endangerment had the decoy not been placed by the state, which meant that the crime was only perpetrated due to action from the state.

A joint dissent was written by Justices Stephen Breyer, John Roberts, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan. They stated that Rodowicz' driving that day indicated a clear abandon for road safety and that this would have occurred even without the decoy present.