User:Duke of Rats/Standing wheelchair

Design and function (originally types and function)
While they all hold the same basic function, there is a wide variety within standing wheelchairs. As assistive devices, standing wheelchairs are primarily designed according to their user's needs. The lifting mechanisms incorporated can be either manually operated or powered with hydraulic devices that range in strength. Wheels can also be power-operated or manual. Steel alloys are often used in production to strike a balance of durability, strength, flexibility and minimal weight, however there are heavier and lighter metals available. Specific models are built to be used regularly while others only assist in specific tasks. Some standing wheelchairs may even be driven from the standing position, however there is some medical concern of an increased risk of long bone fractures while driving due to the legs being under a heavy load.

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Standing wheelchairs can be either manually operated, have power-operated wheels but manual lifting mechanisms or be fully powered with, for example, hydraulic lifting mechanisms. They are used both to achieve regular mobility and to stand the person up using hydraulics or other power sources. Some standing wheelchairs may be driven from the standing position, however there is some medical concern of an increased risk of long bone fractures while driving due to the legs being under a heavy load.

Health benefits
Numerous studies show evidence of standing wheelchairs providing specific health benefits over their non-mechanized counterparts. Some of these benefits have included improved circulation, higher bone density, and lower risk for contractions and skeletal deformation. Several researchers and users alike report that benefits are not solely physical - the greater range of movement provided by mechanized standing wheelchairs allow users to lead more independent lives, resulting in improved mental health and a higher quality of life.

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Numerous studies have shown evidence that standing wheelchairs may provide specific health benefits. Some of these health benefits include improved circulation, urinary health, bowel function and bone density. Standing wheelchairs may also improve overall quality of life and independence among users.

Documentation and funding in the United States
Standing wheelchairs come at prices many consider inaccessible, with powered versions ranging from $10,000-$15,000. This inaccessibility resulted in a push for insurance companies to incorporate this technology into their existing plans. In 2020, the Independence Through Enhancement of Medicare and Medicaid (ITEM) Coalition appealed to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), requesting both standing wheelchairs and wheelchairs with power-elevated seats be covered under the Durable Medical Equipment Benefit. That request was partially granted in May of 2023, as CMS incorporated wheelchairs with power-elevated seats into the benefit and claimed standing wheelchairs would be considered in the future.

As of now, Medicare may help fund some portion of a standing wheelchair, while Medicaid funding varies from state to state in the U.S. Many insurance companies, vocational rehabilitation organizations, and medical case managers are increasingly funding standing wheelchairs because of the long-term health and quality of life benefits that come from passive standing.

PLAGIARISM ALERT
Original article: Standing wheelchairs can be either manually operated, have power-operated wheels but manual lifting mechanisms or be fully powered with, for example, hydraulic lifting mechanisms.

My source: In addition to manual wheelchairs, standing wheelchairs can feature power-driven wheels with manual raising mechanisms, or be fully powered with hydraulic lifting mechanisms, for example, hydraulic or other power sources are employed to lift the individual