User:Duoor/Chunqiu Yancheng

Chunqiu Yancheng are the remains of an ancient city from the Spring and Autumn period in Wujin District, Changzhou. The ancient city's remains are part of the larger China Chunqiu Yancheng Scenic Area, a tourist attract rated as an AAAAA site, the highest official tourism rating in 2015.

Changzhou Spring and Autumn Yancheng site is located in wujin, the southern suburb of Changzhou, about 15 minutes away by car. Yancheng was surrounded by three rivers inside and outside. From the inside to the outside, the city, the city river, the inner city, the inner city river, the outer city, the outer city river, three cities and three rivers. This architectural form is unique among the ancient city ruins in China. Most ancient cities have one city and one river, and a few have two cities and one river or two cities and two rivers.

The site currently consists of three concentric man-made rivers that once surrounded the village. Around 2007, construction was being finished on shops and a museum in traditional style catering to the many tourists that come to Yancheng each year. With much of the original site now covered in grass with many remaining trees, it is most popular with Changzhou locals as a historical theme amusement park.

By stimulating the ancient cultural scenes, Yancheng Tourism Area plays a role as a bridge between the history and the modern world, a tour guide of the chunqiu historical period, creating a brand of Chinese Spring and Autumn culture, providing tourists with both great entertainment and knowledge propagation

Origin of name
There are two versions of story about the origin of the name Yancheng(淹城).


 * 1) Yancheng was the capital of yanguo in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty. Yanjun was the sovereign of Yanguo in the east of Qufu, Shandong Province. According to legend, Election is king Zhou Cheng and Shang Dynasty descendants Wugeng collusion to launch a rebellion of the elected king, was destroyed by King Zhou, led the remnants of shandong fled to the South, here for the river cut, pile of soil for the city, still called "election". In ancient times, the character "yan" of three points was common with the character "yan" without three points of water, which has been passed down to the present day, hence the name "yancheng".
 * 2) In the late Spring and Autumn period, prince Jiza of the State of Wu was dissatisfied with lu's assassination of Wang Liao to seize the throne, determined to break with lu's violent politics," life does not enter the State of Wu ", they built a city in yanling river, to show the determination of yancheng, the state name "Yancheng".

Documental records
The earliest historical record of Yancheng is yuan Kang's Yue Jue Shu - Wu Di Biography in the Eastern Han Dynasty（袁康《越绝书—吴地传》）: "The south city of Piling County, so the ancient Yan Lord also. Southeast otsuka, drowned gentleman female mound also, to eighteen county, Wu buried." （“毗陵县南城，故古淹君地也. 东南大冢，淹君子女冢也，去县十八里，吴所葬. “）

Changwu area was called Yanling (延陵) in the Spring and Autumn period, and changed to Piling (毗陵) in the Han Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn period, it was the vassal of Jiza (季扎), the fourth son of Shoumeng, king of Wu. The Northern Song Dynasty "Peace and World" (北宋《太平寰宇记》）said: "Chang Zhou Fu Spring and Autumn period for the interior of the Kingdom of Wu." （“常州府春秋时为吴国内地. ”）

“Records of the Grand Historian” （《史记》）said："Prince Jiza of Wu claimed that it was the city of Yanling." （“吴公子季扎所据，是为延陵之邑. ”）Wu was destroyed by Yue and returned to Yue. Yue was destroyed by Chu and returned to Chu in the Warring States Period. Therefore, Yue Juishu is called "Flooded city".（淹君城）

In the Qing Dynasty, "A Summary of Historical Geography"(《读史方舆纪要》) said："Yancheng is twenty miles southeast of (Changzhou) fu, with three cities, a deep and wide trench pad and a 15-mile perimeter." （“淹城，在 (常州) 府东南二十里，其城三重，壕垫深宽，周广十五里. ”）

In the book of "Shang, Zhou and CAI Zhong" (尚书·周书·蔡仲之命), it is mentioned that "King Cheng attacked Huaiyi in the east, and then carried out the election and completed his reign. In the Tang Dynasty, Kong Yingda wrote justice shuyue, " (成王东伐淮夷，遂践奄，作成王政. 成王既践奄，将迁其君于蒲姑"，汉孔安国尚书传曰，"成王即政，淮夷、奄国又叛，王亲征之，遂灭奄而徙之，以其数反覆") At the beginning of the regent of The Duke of Zhou, Elections and Huai Yi from the management, CAI chaos, Zhou Zheng and decided. At the beginning of the reign of king Cheng, Huai Yi rebelled with Elections and went to the army. King Cheng attacked huai Yi in the east and destroyed the electoral State. (周公摄政之初，奄与淮夷从管、蔡作乱，周公征而定之. 成王即政之初，淮夷与奄又叛，成王亲往征之. 成王东伐淮夷，遂践灭奄国. )

In addition, there are scattered records in some local Chronicles of Changwu area, such as Xianchun Piling Zhi (《咸淳毗陵志》)of Song Dynasty says, "Yancheng was in Yanzheng Township of Yanghu Lake".(“淹城在阳湖延政乡”)

Historical development
Chunqiu Yancheng was built in the late Spring and Autumn Period. It has a history of more than 2,900 years.

A field survey in 1935 made Chunqiu Yancheng remains' first appearnce in front of the public. It was first confired as the relic of an ancient city. This news attracted many researchers and archaeologists to explore Chunqiu Yancheng. During the 50s and 60s in the 20th century, 3 canoes and a batch of bronzes and earthenware were unearthed here in Yancheng Inland River. The excavation shoed the unique cultural features and connotation of Yancheng site for the first time. Since then, the research on yancheng has been continuous.

In 1986, the archaeological excavation team of Yancheng Site in Jiangsu Province conducted the first archaeological excavation of yancheng site for six years. After years of research, Lu Jianfang, an associate researcher of Nanjing Museum, said, "Yancheng was a military castle of the Kingdom of Wu. It is the only military facility in the Spring and Autumn Period that has been discovered and preserved well, with three rivers and three walls."

Attractions
The whole area has various attractions, including Yancheng Ruins Park, Yancheng Spring and Autumn Paradise, Yancheng Wild Animal World, Yancheng Traditional Commercial Neighborhood and Yancheng Po Lam Temple.

Spring and Autumn Paradise
Yancheng Spring and Autumn Park is the core area and pillar industry of Yancheng Tourism area, and it is also the first spring and Autumn theme park in China. Spring and Autumn Paradise is built in the east and north of Yancheng Site. It takes the political, military, economic and cultural aspects of the Spring and Autumn period and combines static viewing projects, interactive performing arts projects and experiential amusement projects under the artistic conception of spring and Autumn culture in the form of situational experience. The park environment atmosphere layout design is unique, not only has the distinctive historical and cultural characteristics of the Spring and Autumn period, but also does not lose modern aesthetic and fashion elements, reflecting the creative integration of tradition and modernity. All the equipment and facilities adopt modern technology, integrate traditional Chinese culture, extend the cultural connotation through theme amusement and performance, increase the participation, interaction and entertainment of tourists, the project creativity has set a number of first in the domestic tourism industry.

The ticket price and preferential policy of Spring and Autumn Paradise are: the adult ticket of spring and Autumn Paradise is 190 yuan per person.

1) Children below 1.2m are free of charge, and each ticket holder is limited to one free child.

2) Old people (including 70 years old), active servicemen, disabled people, journalists, vouchers for a single entry, one vote per person. Journalists entering the Park are only eligible to hold valid press cards printed and issued uniformly by the General Administration of Press and Publication, with the seal of the General Administration of Press and Publication, special seal for press card issuance, special seal for annual review of press card and press organization seal. Other categories of journalists will not be free of charge. They will be received and admitted to the Park according to their actual needs.

3) Students who reserve tickets online with valid college student id can enjoy a preferential price of 120 yuan/person.

4) Night park entrance fee: RMB 100 / person (children below 1.2m are free)

Yancheng Ruins Park
The site of Yancheng during the Spring and Autumn Period has a history of more than 2700 years, which is the most complete and unique ground city site in China. Its architectural form of "three cities and three rivers" is unique in the world. The site is 850 meters long from east to west and 750 meters wide from north to south, with a total area of about 650,000 square meters. Its size fits the record of "A city of three li, a guo of seven li" in Mencius. More than 1,000 precious cultural relics were unearthed at the site, including 4 canoes, more than 20 bronzes and a large number of primitive celadon and pottery. In 1988, Yancheng Site was listed as one of the key cultural relics under national protection. In 2009, it won the Gold Medal of the United Nations Environmental Sustainable Development Project.

Park admission price and preferential policy is: yancheng park entrance ticket is 20 yuan/person, children under 1.4 meters for free ticket into the garden, 1.4-1.5 meters of children, old people under the age of 55-69, under the age of 18 and with valid student id card in the small, medium and high, students can buy discount 10 yuan/person (only ruins Simon is available)

Yancheng Wild Animal World
Yancheng wild animal world is located in yancheng site area, southwest side, features a wildlife ecology cage-free nearly ten thousand (only) of rare and endangered species of wild animals from all over the world focus on care, display, set the delight to watch animals, entertainment, popular science education as a whole, jiangsu province is currently the only one of the very large scale wildlife park. In 2015, Yancheng Wildlife World set up a panda house and introduced two giant pandas from Wolong.

The admission price and preferential policy of the wildlife World is: the adult ticket of the zoo during the day is 180 yuan/person, and the car and the person buy the ticket separately. Senior citizens over 60 years old, active servicemen and the disabled can enjoy a discount ticket of RMB 90 / person at the ticket window with valid id. Children below 1.2 meters are free, and children between 1.2 and 1.5 meters are discounted for 90 yuan/person; 200 yuan/car for cars with less than 10 seats, 400 yuan/car for cars with more than 10 seats including 10 seats.

Yancheng Traditional Commercial Neighborhood
The traditional commercial neighborhood Located in the east of the spring and autumn yancheng site, covering an area of 235 mu, the imitation of han and tang dynasties, with a total construction area of 45000 square meters, wujin culture as the core, for the guests from all over the world to provide a variety of consumer choice, is a concentration of citizen square, museum, cultural entertainment show, private collections, Chinese medicine health care keeping in good health, catering leisure is a body comprehensive cultural business district, There are yancheng Food Street for catering, Yancheng Cultural Street for exhibition of arts and crafts, and Yancheng Traditional Chinese Medicine Street for outpatient service. These three streets have their own characteristics and have strong attraction to corresponding consumer groups.

Po Lam Temple
Located in the Spring and Autumn Period Yancheng site park about 1 km west. The temple was built by emperor Xiaomin (557) of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and was named Fa Hua. It was destroyed during the reign of Song Chongning (1102-1106). In the third year of The Ming Dynasty (1405), the Temple was rebuilt by the eminent monk, Abbot Wei Xin. Ming Zhengde Bingyin eight years (1513), Jinling Bhikshu Buddha Yuan, Fa Sheng raised before and after the two temples. At its peak, there were 1408 palaces, which were spectacular and prosperous. The expanded and rebuilt Baolin Temple is grand in scale and rich in Buddhist culture. It takes inheriting Guanyin culture and carrying forward Buddhist spirit as the theme to realize the close combination of Buddhism and modern tourism. Yancheng Baolin Temple was fully completed and opened in October 2015. Baolin Guanyin Pavilion, which is 91.9 meters high and dedicated to the three-sided ten-sided Avalokitesvara bodhisattva 39.9 meters high, is the center and landmark building of the entire temple.

The admission price and preferential policies of Baolin Temple are: The admission price of Baolin Temple is 25 yuan/person, and the half-price ticket is 12 yuan/person. Free admission: children under 1.2 meters (including 1.2 meters) or children under the age of 6 (including 6 years old) (accompanied by an adult, one free child for each adult), senior citizens over 70 years old (including 70 years old), active military personnel, journalists with press cards issued by the State Administration of Information, tour guides and disabled persons. Please enter the park with your valid id card. Half-price Target: Minors from 6 years old (excluding 6 years old) to 18 years old (including 18 years old) (with valid ID), full-time university students with bachelor's degree or below (with valid id card and student ID card), senior citizens from 60 to 69 years old (with valid ID)

hotel accommodation
Ramada Yancheng Park Changxing, Changzhou, an AAAAA hotel

Holiday Inn Wujin changzhou, an AAAA hotel

Golden Narada International Hotel

The new garden hotel, an AAA hotel

Evaluations

 * The French "China House Tour Group" evaluated it as "a pearl of Chinese culture and historic sites".
 * The director of the Tokyo National Museum said, Its development value is no less than the Mausoleum of the Qin Dynasty.
 * The late professor Fei Xiaotong, a famous sociologist, believed that it was one of the wonders of the East, with high-grade cultural and tourist resources.
 * The site of Ancient Yancheng is just like a pearl inlaid in the cultural landscape of the Spring and Autumn Period, shining with peculiar historical brilliance and containing enchanting charm.
 * In 2007, Yancheng was jointly evaluated as "China's First water City" by China Red Tourism Network, Party Construction magazine of Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee, Hongqi Press and other authoritative media.
 * Yancheng, the first “turtle city” in China, is another model of zhouyi culture in practice.

Honors

 * Yancheng was declared a national key cultural relic protection site by The State Council in 1988.
 * In 2004, on the World Heritage Conference of Suzhou, Yan City was praised as "a sample of city defense in the era of Cold weapons, and a military fortress of Wu and Yue fighting for hegemony".
 * In 2007, Yancheng was rated as the first water city south of China by Red Tourism Network.
 * Famous bronze ware of the Warring States Period. The top is a plate, and the bottom is three wheels, which can be dragged. The front wheel is decorated with the heads of two beasts. It is very unusual in shape. Full height 15.8 cm. Bronze ware belonging to the late Spring and Autumn period. Unearthed in 1957, yancheng, Wujin County, Jiangsu Province. Now in the National Museum of China. The structure of this plate is fine and ingenious, which is an artifact with strong regional style and times characteristics in Wu-Yue bronzes.
 * In the early summer of 1958, a canoe was found here when villagers of Yancheng were collecting mud and fertilizer. Three canoes were unearthed successively from Yancheng. Two canoes, 11 meters long and 4.2 meters long, are in the Museum of Chinese History and the Nanjing Museum respectively, and the other two are in the Wujin Yancheng Museum. According to research, canoe basswood cut to barbecue, confirm the method of making the ancient "Ku wooden boat". The 11-meter-long canoe is the most complete and oldest canoe discovered in China, and is known as "the first boat in the world".