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Old Stub
= Valerianella radiata = From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search Valerianella radiata, synonyms Valerianella stenocarpa and Valerianella woodsiana, common name beaked cornsalad, is a plant native to the United States[1].

Legal status in the United States[edit]
It is listed as a special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut, and listed as endangered in New Jersey[2]. It is listed as a weed in other parts of the United States[3].

References[edit]

 * 1) ^  "Plants Profile for Valerianella radiata (beaked cornsalad)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
 * 2) ^ "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 31 December 2017.(Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
 * 3) ^ "Plants Profile for Valerianella radiata (beaked cornsalad)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2 June 2018.

New Stub
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search Valerianella radiata, synonyms Valerianella stenocarpa and Valerianella woodsiana, common name beaked cornsalad, is a plant native to the United States. It is a annual flowering plant that is self pollinating and besides being mildly edible there are no known uses. Tends to flower in April- May.

Description:
Valerianella radiata typically grows to a high of 0.6m (2ft). Flowers are perfect. Has 5 white flower petals that are arranged bilaterally symmetrical with fused sepals. Simple, entire, and toothed leaves with opposite arrangement of two leaves per node on stem. It has a stamen count of three that produces dry fruit 2 - 2.5 mm long. It has a pistil count of one with three carpels, inferiors ovary with 3 locales and one ovule, slightly 3-lobed stigmas. Valerianella radiata has a corolla length of less than 2 mm. The fruit is usually yellowish and glabrous to finely pubescent and the fertile cells are slightly narrower than sterile cells. A groove forms between the narrow and fertile sides of the fruit. It is a self-fertile plant due to having both male and female organs. Stems hollow and ascend to erect, dichotomously branching, angled, and glabrous and sparse pubescence on wing margins. Basal leaves are sessile, short-petiolate, spatulate, obovate with bases fused around the stem, glabrous along margins and midvein of undersurface. Inflorescence are clusters that are small, dense, and usually paired on branch tips that have lanceolate bracts to narrowly elliptic.

Distribution and Habitat:
Valerianella radiata distribution is in the eastern deciduous forest regions most Southern two thirds. This species is commonly found in creek beds, roadsides, ditches, clearings, hilltops, and pasturelands. They can be found in areas ranging from moderate shade to full sunlight exposure.

Conservation Status:
It is listed as a special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut, and listed as endangered in New Jersey. It is listed as a weed in other parts of the Southeastern United States.

Taxonomy:
Valerianella radiata is an annual, meaning that it grows from a seed, produces seeds, and dies all within a growing season, leaving dormant seeds. Out of the two types of reproductive systems that this genus follows V. radiata is funnelform-flowered which commonly leads to inbreeding. This species has two varieties: var. radiata and var. fernaldii ''. Valerianella radiata'' was originally described by Linnaeus but was later renamed by Dufresne, Pierre.

Toxicity:
This plant is not known to be toxic.

Edibility:
Young raw leaves and the roots of the plant are edible. Roots of plant are an unlikely food source due to minuscule size.

Weed Control:
It is a common weed found in some gardens in the southeastern United States due to suitability in many types of soils and pH levels. Applications of 0.11 kg glyphosate/ha was used to controlled Valerianella radiata in non-crop situations .