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Yevgeny Stanislavovich Borovik (April 24, 1915 – February 7, 1966) was a Russian – Soviet physicist and Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Early years
Borovik was born in Petrograd, Imperial Russia. He was the son of physicist Stanislav Antonovich Borovik (1882 – 1958), who's vacuum pump design made it possible to create the first Russian radio tubes. Borovik's half-brother was physicist Viktor-Andrey Stanislavovich Borovik-Romanov (1920 – 1997), who was an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.

Education
Borovik graduated from the faculty of engineering physics of Leningrad Polytechnic University in 1937. Afterwards, he worked as an engineer at the Experimental Deep Cooling Station in Kharkiv until 1941 when he evacuated to Kemerovo.

Research
In 1945, Borovik returned to Kharkiv and became a senior researcher at the low temperatures department of the Physico-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR in Kharkiv. Borovik's 1947 Ph.D. thesis studied the thermal conductivity of liquids.

Together with Boris Lazarev in 1947, he developed cryoadsorption and cryo-condensation methods for obtaining Ultra-high vacuum. In 1950, he became head of the department of ultrahigh vacuum at Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology and delivered a course of lectures on ferromagnetism.

Borovik became Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences in 1955 with his dissertation concerning galvanomagnetic phenomena and properties of conduction electrons in metals. He became a full professor in 1957.

In 1958, he created and led a laboratory for the study of the properties of plasma discharges at high and ultrahigh pressure. In 1961, he became a Corresponding Member and Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. The same year he presented his works at The International Conference on Low Temperature Physics in London.

Borovik's cryogenic method for obtaining Ultra-high vacuum became widely used in the Soviet Union and abroad. Borovik carried out scientific work on the thermal conductivity of liquid nitrogen, methane, ethylene, carbon monoxide, and gaseous nitrogen in a wide range of temperatures and pressures. He produced fundamental research on galvanomagnetic phenomena, demonstrating significant differences between the properties of conduction electrons and the properties of free electrons. The patterns he discovered of the behavior of metals in strong magnetic fields indicated that the properties of charge carriers in metals of conduction electrons are different from free electrons. These findings were of significance for the development of modern electron theory of metals.

In 1958, Borovik demonstrated the fundamental possibility of carrying out a thermonuclear reaction in a high-density plasma at low temperatures.

Publications


- Lectures on magnetism [Text]: [For physical. specialties high fur boots] / E. S. Borovik, A. S. Milner. - Kharkov: Publishing house Khark. University, 1966 .-- 360 p. : ill .; 22 cm.

- Lectures on ferromagnetism [Text]: [Textbook. manual for students nat. and phys.-mat. fac. un-tov Ukrainian SSR] / E. S. Borovik, A. S. Milner. - Kharkov: Publishing house Khark. University, 1960 .-- 235 p. : ill .; 23 cm.

- Lectures on magnetism / E. S. Borovik, V. V. Eremenko, A. S. Milner. - [3rd ed., Rev. and add.]. - M.: Fizmatlit, 2005 .-- 510 p. : ill., table; 23 cm; ISBN 5-9221-0577-9

- Lectures on magnetism [Text]: [For physical. fac. universities] / E. S. Borovik, A. S. Milner, V. V. Eremenko. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - Kharkov: Publishing house Khark. University, 1972 .-- 248 p. : ill .; 22 cm.

Personal life
Borovik was the father of Andrey Evgenievich Borovik (1941 – 2009) who was also physicist, whom he shared with his wife Natalia Tsin (1911 – 2005). Yevgeny Borovik's stepmother was physicist Tatiana Borovik-Romanova. Borovik's stepson was physicist Viktor Yeremenko, who was also an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.