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Stanislav Antonovich Borovik (February 17, 1882 – May 9, 1958) was a Russian physicist and Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

BOROVIK Stanislav Antonovich (1.III.(17.II.1882 - 9.V.1958) - Soviet physicist. In 1907 he graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University and remained to teach a course in physics. He also worked at the N.A. Fedoritsky. Doctor of sciences, prof. (1935). He taught at various universities in Leningrad, including from 1922 at the Pedagogical Institute (RSPU named after A.I. Herzen). Since 1933 - an employee of Biogel, then GEOKHI of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. From 1930 until his retirement in 1956, he headed the Laboratory of Spectral Analysis of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1923 - 32 he worked at the Radiological Institute. During the creation of atomic weapons, he worked under the guidance of A.P. Vinogradov, engaged in spectral analysis in the search for the necessary minerals. Husband. T.F. Borovik-Romanova. Father E.S. Borovik and A.S. Borovik-Romanov

The first works are devoted to the radioactivity of therapeutic mud and air contained in the soil. Proposed a number of technical improvements that accelerate the detailed analysis of the composition of minerals. In 1912 he designed a vacuum pump, which produced a vacuum of 10 -5 torr, a record for that time, which made it possible to create the first Russian radio tubes. Developed methods for qualitative and quantitative spectral analysis of rare and trace elements. He was one of the largest specialists in the spectral analysis of ores and minerals. Collaborated with V.I. Vernadsky, A.P. Vinogradov, A.E. Fersman. One of the first to use spectral analysis for biochemistry. With T.F. Borovik-Romanova conducted research on the use of emission spectroscopy for the analysis of natural objects. Of practical importance were his works on the identification of the elements germanium, niobium, tantalum, cesium, scandium and rare earth elements in various rocks.

Possessing excellent theoretical training, S.A. Borovik at the same time had a penchant for independent design of physical devices. In his apartment in Petrograd, the scientist equipped a small glass-blowing workshop, where he made models of glass vacuum pumps. Its pump was produced at the "First Russian Roentgen Tube Plant" N.A. Fedoritsky. Pump S.A. Borovik was an improved design of the diffusion pump by R. Gede. The difference was that Borovik's design did not have a narrow slit diaphragm, and the working temperature range of mercury was much wider. S. A. Borovik made a report on the invention of a “mercury vapor injector for obtaining a high rarefaction” at a meeting of the Physics Department of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society on September 13, 1916.

Early years
Borovik was born in Saint Petersburg, Imperial Russia. He was the son of physicist Stanislav Antonovich Borovik (1882 – 1958), who's vacuum pump design made it possible to create the first Russian radio tubes. Borovik's half-brother was physicist Viktor-Andrey Stanislavovich Borovik-Romanov (1920 – 1997), who was an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.

Education
After graduating from Leningrad Polytechnic University in 1937, he worked as an engineer at the Experimental Deep Cooling Station in Kharkiv until 1941 when he evacuated to Kemerovo.

Research
In 1945, Borovik became a senior researcher at the low temperatures department of the Physico-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR in Kharkiv. Borovik's candidate dissertation in 1947 studied the thermal conductivity of liquids.

Together with Boris Lazarev the same year, he developed cryoadsorption and cryocondensation methods for obtaining ultrahigh vacuum. In 1950, he became head of the department of ultrahigh vacuum at Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology and delivered a course of lectures on ferromagnetism.

Borovik became Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences in 1955 with his dissertation concerning galvanomagnetic phenomena and properties of conduction electrons in metals. He became a full professor in 1957.

In 1958, he created and led a laboratory for the study of the properties of plasma discharges at high and ultrahigh pressure. In 1961, he became a Corresponding Member and Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR.

Borovik carried out scientific work on the thermal conductivity of liquid nitrogen, methane, ethylene, carbon monoxide, and gaseous nitrogen in a wide range of temperatures and pressures. He produced fundamental research on galvanomagnetic phenomena, demonstrating significant differences between the properties of conduction electrons and the properties of free electrons.

Publications
- Lectures on magnetism [Text]: [For physical. specialties high fur boots] / E. S. Borovik, A. S. Milner. - Kharkov: Publishing house Khark. University, 1966 .-- 360 p. : ill .; 22 cm.

- Lectures on ferromagnetism [Text]: [Textbook. manual for students nat. and phys.-mat. fac. un-tov Ukrainian SSR] / E. S. Borovik, A. S. Milner. - Kharkov: Publishing house Khark. University, 1960 .-- 235 p. : ill .; 23 cm.

- Lectures on magnetism / E. S. Borovik, V. V. Eremenko, A. S. Milner. - [3rd ed., Rev. and add.]. - M.: Fizmatlit, 2005 .-- 510 p. : ill., table; 23 cm; ISBN 5-9221-0577-9

- Lectures on magnetism [Text]: [For physical. fac. universities] / E. S. Borovik, A. S. Milner, V. V. Eremenko. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - Kharkov: Publishing house Khark. University, 1972 .-- 248 p. : ill .; 22 cm.

Personal life
Borovik was the father of Andrey Evgenievich Borovik (1941 – 2009) who was also physicist, whom he shared with his wife Natalia Tsin (1911 – 2005). Evgeny Borovik's stepmother was physicist Tatiana Borovik-Romanova. Borovik's stepson was physicist Viktor Yeremenko, who was also an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.