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There have been several allegations accusing India of being involved in state-sponsored terrorism, or having involvement in terrorist activities that have affected other states. These accusations have prominently come from, but are not strictly limited to, neighboring countries such as Pakistan, Sri Lanka, China and Bangladesh. Many of these allegations are centered on the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), India's premier intelligence agency. Other allegations have been centred on the Government of India and the Indian Armed Forces. India has denied many of the accusations.

Khalistan
One of the objectives of the Research and Analysis Wing was to "teach a lesson to the ever-agitating Sikhs" and it engaged in several clandestine operations.

Pakistan
The Government of Pakistan has accused India of funding, supporting and arming designated anti-state terrorist or militant groups in Pakistan, as well of having direct involvement or links in many terrorist attacks inside the country, throughout multiple occasions in history. Throughout the 1960s and the course of the Bangladesh Liberation War, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) of India played a pivotal role in erstwhile East Pakistan, which included funding the campaign of Bengali leader Mujibur Rahman and later arming the Mukti Bahini rebels in the civil war against the state. RAW imparted training, finances and arms in order to sustain the fight against West Pakistani troops. Through RAW's funding of the rebels, Pakistan and China saw a direct Indian design to dismember its arch-rival and create Bangladesh for its own regional political interests. During the Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1970s and 1980s, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) of India was blamed of possible involvement in the planning and execution of several terrorist incidents inside Pakistan to "deter Pakistani support of the Afghan liberation movement against India's ally, the Soviet Union." In particular, it was believed to have provided assistance to the KGB intelligence agency, which at the time was believed to have a considerable network of terrorist activities inside Pakistani cities. Intelligence reports during the time suggested that several training camps had been simultaneously established in Indian Punjab; these camps were accused of providing training to anti-Pakistan elements.

RAW has been alleged of involvement in disinformation campaigns, espionage and sabotage operations in Pakistan. During the 1990s, published reports suggested that as many as 35,000 RAW agents entered Pakistan during the period 1983-93. Out of these agents, as many as 12,000 were working in Sindh, 10,000 in Punjab, 8,000 in the North-West Frontier Province and some 5,000 in Balochistan. RAW was further alleged of aiding several dissident elements affiliated with various sectarian and ethnic groups. Several small-scale terrorist incidents that occurred in Pakistani cities such as Peshawar, Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi and Sheikhupura during the mid 1990s were attributed to the "clandestine activities" of the Indian intelligence agency.

The Special Service Bureau of RAW was believed to be running as many as 40 "terrorist training camp" facilities in Rajasthan, Punjab, Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh and other parts of India. The then-Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif and many senior ministers within the Pakistani government condemned India for the upsurge of terrorist incidents, as well as for having a hand in sporadic Sunni-Shi'a sectarian conflicts in the country.

According to Paul R. Pillar in Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy, India is likely engaged in small-scale terrorism in Pakistan. He notes that India's activities may be in reprisal for what it is has alleged as "Pakistani-supported activity in Kashmir". "The closest thing to a major power supporting terrorism is India ... But whatever it is doing is on a small scale and aimed solely at Pakistan, not at U.S. power and influence."

- Paul R. Pillar (2004)

In the early 1990s, Pakistan accused the Research and Analysis Wing of supporting the Seraiki nationalist movement in southern Punjab, which included providing financial support to promote their activities; an "International Seraiki Conference" was organised in Delhi in 1993. On 4 May 1994, Pakistani authorities arrested two terrorists in Azad Kashmir of Indian nationality, when they tried to cross the Line of Control at night. The authorities retrieved 18 kilograms of explosives along with accessories and two tubes of rocket launchers. Upon interrogation, the militants confessed that they had forcibly been recruited by RAW and recieved training in explosives handling by a Burkha Rifle unit of the Indian Army. They were also promised a "handsome amount" if they returned successfully but if they refused to carry out the orders, they were threatened of being "shot dead and declared intruders." India has been charged with inciting violence in Balochistan, Sindh and Peshawar. At the same time, the truth in these accusations has been questioned.

Presence in Afghanistan
India has been accused by Pakistan of using its presence and activities inside Afghanistan as a means of carrying out sabotage and terrorist activities in Pakistan. In the past, it has supported and maintained contact with Afghan regimes and groups which maintained a degree of political hostility to Pakistan, such as the Northern Alliance. The opening of a number of Indian consulates in Afghanistan in the past few years have also been a source of great contention in relations between the two countries. In particular, India has been accused by Pakistan of using its presence inside Afghanistan to openly support and fund secessionist Baloch terror groups across the border in the southwestern Pakistani province of Balochistan, where they are currently engaged in a restive guerrilla-style military conflict with the central government. Pakistan has also held India responsible for fomenting trouble in its other western regions bordering Afghanistan, such as the tribal belt areas, including allegations of providing support to anti-state militant groups such as the Tehreek-i-Taliban (TTP) engaged in the current War in North-West Pakistan.

Balochistan conflict
On 27 July 2003, the Pakistani government officially voiced its "deep" concerns over India's activities along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. It remarked that the Indian consulates had "less to do with humanitarian aid and more to do with India’s top-secret intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing." Allegations against India have ranged from charges of printing fake Pakistani currency to direct involvement in terrorism. India has been accused of setting up networks facilitating terrorist training camps in various places in Afghanistan, including at an Afghan military base north of Kabul, Girishk (in southern Helmand province), the Panjshir Valley (northeast of Kabul), and in western Nimruz Province.

According to a research paper by Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Kabul's categorical assurances that it would not allow its soil to be used for anti-Pakistan activities have been non-satisfactory. On August 2004, Baloch politician and provincial chief minister Jam Mohammad Yousuf declared that Indian secret service agencies were running at least forty terrorist camps in Balochistan. Pakistan has reiterated these accusations, claiming that it has unraveled proof of the role of Indian consulates behind the insurgents in Balochistan.

The Inspector-General of the Frontier Corps in Balochistan has said there is credible proof of India's involvement in the unrest in Balochistan via Afghanistan.

Sri Lanka
250px|thumb|LTTE leaders at [[Sirumalai camp, India in 1984 while they are being trained by RAW (from L to R, weapon carrying is included within brackets) - Lingam; Prabhakaran's bodyguard (Hungarian AK), Batticaloa commander Aruna (Berreta SMG), LTTE founder-leader Prabhakaran (pistol), Trincomalee commander Pulendran (AK-47), Mannar commander Victor (M203) and Chief of Intelligence Pottu Amman (M 16).]] During the course of the Sri Lankan Civil War in the late 1970s and early 1980s, India officially armed, supported, trained and funded a number of Tamil separatist groups engaged in guerrilla warfare against the government and military of Sri Lanka. The most prominent of these was the militant organisation Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). India's support for the LTTE has been dubbed by many as an example of state sponsored terrorism. The LTTE was a secessionist militant group which had been designated as a terrorist organisation by Sri Lanka, foreign governments such as Malaysia, the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, the European Union and also India. Starting activities in 1983, it sought to establish a seperate homeland for Tamils in Sri Lanka, an ethnic group who are predominantly concentrated in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu and in the northern regions of Sri Lanka. In 1983, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of India pursued a policy of open support for the LTTE-led Tamil insurgency in Sri Lanka for a variety of strategic and domestic reasons; these included an aim to deeper project India's influence in its neighborhood and also to "placate" the attention of India's increasingly disgruntled Tamil ethnic group. According to Paige Whaley Eager in the book From Freedom Fighters to Terrorists: Women and Political Violence, the Research and Analysis Wing executed India's policy of supporting LTTE insurgents. Within a period of one year, there were over thirty RAW-operated LTTE training camps established in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, where over 20,000 Sri Lankan Tamil insurgents were receiving "sanctuary, financial support, training and weapons." The LTTE was responsible for numerous terrorist attacks in Sri Lanka against political, civilian and state targets.

In 1987, India claimed a formal end in its support to the LTTE, after observing that supporting Tamil separatism in Sri Lanka could instead embolden further separatism among its "own restless Tamil population", among whom there had also been growing secessionist sentiments as of late. "In a similiar tactic to the United States government's support of the Arab Afghans or the mujahideen fighting against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan in the 1980s, India's support of the LTTE would constitute a case of "blowback" only a few years later."

- Paige Whaley Eager (2008)

In 2011, the Prime Minister D. M. Jayaratne of Sri Lanka said that there were still an "unknown number" of LTTE fighters who were based in secret camps located in Tamil Nadu. An Indian foreign ministry spokesman categorically denied the existence of these camps.

"We have intelligence reports of three clandestine training centres operated by the LTTE in Tamil Nadu. Their next target is to create small-scale attacks. The entire nation must be ready to face this threat."

- D. M. Jayaratne, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2009)