User:Edpickettpstcc


 * Lives in Knoxville, TN


 * Student at Pelissippi State Community College

Bacon's Rebellion


 * FACT: When Sir William Berkeley refused to retaliate against the Native Americans, farmers gathered around at the report of a new raiding party.

Phase Three
 * CITATION: Westbury, Susan. “Theatre and Power in Bacon's Rebellion: Virginia, 1676-77.” The Seventeenth Century, vol. 19, no. 1, 2004, pp. 69–86.
 * DOI: 10.1080/0268117X.2004.10555536
 * QUOTE: "Local leaders and militia men, determined to respond to the Indians vigorously, asked Bacon to take command and lead them in an attack. Although Berkeley warned Bacon against becoming a mutineer by taking command of the forces without official permission, Bacon did lead them in an attack, unfortunately on the wrong Indians, the friendly Occaneechees."

Kauanui, J. Kēhaulani. “Tracing Historical Specificity: Race and the Colonial Politics of (In)Capacity.” American Quarterly, vol. 69, no. 2, 2017, pp. 257–265.

This scholarly article provides more context for political conflict in Virginia during colonial times. It was accessed through Pelissippi Libraries in the research library database ProQuest ( https://pstcc-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=TN_cdi_proquest_journals_1994440068&context=PC&vid=01PSCC_defaulnt ). It identifies the difficulty non-white people faced in gaining freedoms for themselves, and emphasizes double standard white people held up in attempting to colonize America. This source fills the diversity gap of race that people experienced during Bacon’s Rebellion and other struggles in the colonies.

Kristalyn M. Shefveland. “Cockacoeske and Sarah Harris Stegge Grendon.” Virginia Women, University of Georgia Press, 2015, p. 33.

This scholarly book is an informational summary of the role of woman in Virginia in the 17th century. The correlating chapter describes two women who are specifically involved in Bacon’s Rebellion. It also provides a broad theme of support and action from women that closes the diversity gap of gender in the colonial period of America.

Phase Four

Fact One Paragraph: "However, a racially based system of chattel slavery was not a foregone conclusion. As Wolfe put it: 'It was not until the juridical opposition of slave versus free became mapped onto the hereditary opposition of Black versus White that being born a Black person meant being born a slave.'21 Thus, as Wolfe insists, 'In addition to its circumstantial trajectory, the developing equation of Blackness with slavery needs to be understood in relation to its historicity: to the particular conditions whereby this formula rather than any other-convict labour, fixed-term slavery, a contract system-came to be selected as the optimal arrangement.'22 In 1661 the Virginia Assembly began to legally institutionalize slavery, and by 1662 came codes that determined the status of a child by the status of the mother. In 1669 the law defined enslaved Africans as property. However, planters still preferred white indentured labor. But 1670 saw a decrease in the number of European indentured servants migrating to Virginia, since Governor Berkeley had restricted suffrage to landowners. These are the conditions that contributed to Bacon's Rebellion, as six out of seven men were "poor, discontented, and armed."23

Fact One Summary: Colonists in the 1660s exhibited racism by taking labor that was offered, however, they were not aware of the cruelty of their actions or the impact slavery would have on African Americans as a whole at this point.

Fact Two Paragraph: "Both of these women were prominent participants in the rebellion.1 Although it is unclear whether Sarah and Cockacoeske ever met, their life stories became intertwined with the introduction of the skins trade and the Indian slave trade, and they played major roles on the opposing sides of Ba‑ con’s Rebellion. For each woman, moreover, the rebellion constituted a turning point. Sarah’s influence reached its height in the chaos of the rebellion, and her power declined quickly in its aftermath. Cockacoeske, who experienced much hardship during the rebellion itself, ultimately suffered little as a result of it, and she maintained her high position as the leader of the Pamunkey community. In short, while the status and influence of the English regime increased after the rebellion, the status of English women decreased; Native peoples’ situation overall declined, but the case of Cockacoeske suggests that their matrilineal falls plantation Contained in William Byrd’s 'Title Book' of patents, deeds, and leases related to his landholdings in Charles City County, this map shows the stone house of his aunt Sarah Harris Stegge, located at the falls of the James River."

Fact Two Summary: Despite the differing expectations of a Native American female versus an English female, women played major roles in Bacon's Rebellion as a less noted social class.

Article Fact (race): Thousands of Virginians from all classes (including those in indentured servitude) and races rose up in arms against Berkeley, chasing him from Jamestown and ultimately torching the settlement. The classes became stark because colonists in the 1660s exhibited racism by taking labor that was offered, however, they were not aware of the cruelty of their actions or the impact slavery would have on African Americans as a whole at this point.

Article Fact (gender): Bacon's followers used the rebellion as an effort to gain government recognition of the shared interests among all social classes of the colony in protecting the "commonality" and advancing its welfare. However, not every class' welfare was looked after in this rebellion. Both Native American women and English women played major roles in Bacon's Rebellion as a less noted members of society.