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2 biochemical pathways: pteridines and ommochromes.

- eye color determined by various pigments combined.

-Ommochrome pathway results in the brown eye pigment, and the pteridine pathway results in the red eye pigment, drosopterin.


 * Necessary binding process between the pigment and granule in the cell of the pigment. However, mutations can interrupt this process which leads to the eye not having pigment.
 * Mutations may also result from the absence of enzymes in the pathways.
 * With brown (bw) mutation, pteridine (red) pigments are unable to be produced or synthesized due to a "point mutation on chromosome II." When homozygous, the pteridine pigments are unable to be synthesized because in the beginning of the pteridine pathway, a defective enzyme is being coded by "homozygous recessive genes."  In the beginning of the pteridine pathway, a defective enzyme is being coded.


 * A substrate is transported into the pigment cell and with the enzyme pathway, the pigment is created in the cell. Next, it is transported to pigment granules
 * The brown gene encodes a protein that affects the substrate (GTP) transported in the pigment cell. In the beginning of the pteridine pathway, a defective enzyme is being coded.