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El Haouaria

El Haouaria (Arabic : الهوارية ) is a Tunisian town located at the northeast end of Cap Bon, at the entrance to the Gulf of Tunis.

Administratively attached to the governorate of Nabeul, it is the center of a delegation and constitutes a municipality with 9,508 inhabitants in 2014. The municipality was created by the decree of April 2, 1966  . It is located 120 kilometers from Tunis and 80 kilometers from Sicily.

Geography
Monument surmounted by the statue of a peregrine falcon at the entrance to El Haouaria.

Its geographical location, its contrasting relief and its mild and temperate climate make it a favorite refuge for a multitude of migratory birds. The Romans also nicknamed the place Aquilaria or "land of the eagle  "  .

Every spring, 40,000 raptors of 24 different species, as well as thousands of storks and other smaller birds, stop at the tip of the cape before crossing the Mediterranean Sea. It is quite naturally that the families of El Haouaria develop an art of falconry dating back to ancient times, as evidenced by certain mosaics exhibited at the Bardo National Museum. The know-how in training birds of prey, captured in March, is transmitted from generation to generation.

The Association of Friends of Animals, created in 1975, carries out effective work to raise public awareness of the protection of birds and more specifically raptors.

Caves
Three kilometers west of the city, the artificial caves of the site of Ghar El Kebir were dug by prisoners or slaves under the authority of the Carthaginians and then the Romans. The blocks of stone extracted from it were transported by sea to Carthage, on the other side of the Gulf of Tunis. They were used for the construction of the Punic city, but also for the construction of the forts of the medina of Tunis. These underground quarries are exploited for nearly 1,000 years. They are made up of latomies, immense semi-dark caves dug in the shape of a pyramid , which were accessed through a narrow upper opening and some of which communicated with each other through narrow passages.

After the bombardments of the Second World War and the subsequent natural collapses, the visit of the site is now possible through wider side openings.

Politics
A list of mayors of El Haouaria since the creation of the municipality:


 * Hamed Ben Salem
 * Mahmoud Miladi
 * Alaya Ben Taleb
 * Kilani Lassoued
 * Maouia Bel Haj
 * Hamadi Bouaicha
 * Faouzi Ben Jdira
 * Ahmed Boussak
 * Bechir Hmissi
 * Farid Ben Fadhel

Geography
The governorate of Jendouba is located in the northwest of Tunisia, 150 kilometers from the capital. It is surrounded by the governorates of Kef and Siliana in the south, the governorate of Béja in the east, and it's 135 kilometers away from the border with Algeria in the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north, with a 25 km long coastline.

Climate
This governorate is known for having the rainiest climate in the country with annual precipitation reaching 1,000 millimeters on the coast and exceeding 1,500 millimeters in Aïn Draham. The average temperature is between 5-10°C in winter and between 25-30°C in summer.

Economy
The economy of the Jendouba governorate is mainly based on cereal growing, livestock farming and arboriculture. The area of ​​agricultural land reaches 286,200 hectares, or 92% of the total area of ​​the governorate and nearly 3.4% of the country's agricultural area. Forests cover 118,470 hectares.

The governorate has a railway line connecting the capital to Algeria through the towns of Bousalem, Jendouba and Ghardimaou to Tunis, over 75.6 kilometers. There is a modern fishing port, a marina with 100 berths and an airport all located in Tabarka. The road network, 1,200 kilometers long, must be completed by the extension of the A3 motorway between Oued Zarga and Bou Salem over 70 kilometers to which are added two slip roads, one of which will connect it to Jendouba.

Education
The governorate of Jendouba has 31 middle schools and 18 high schools. There is a tourism school in Aïn Draham and a health care school in Jendouba. University of Jendouba is comprised of a faculty and 7 institutes.

Politics
A list of Governors of Jendouba since the independence:
 * Naceur Ben Jaafar (1956-1960)
 * Béchir Bellagha (1960-1962)
 * Habib Ben Mohamed Lahbib (1962-1964)
 * Mongi Kooli (1964-1967)
 * Abdelaziz Beltaïef (1967-1969)
 * Mohamed Souyah (1969-1970)
 * Mokhtar Zannad (1970-1971)
 * Hassen Louzir (1971-1973)
 * Abdelmalek Laârif (1973-1975)
 * Saïd Robbana (1975-1978)
 * Khelil Trad (1978-1981)
 * Abderrazak Kéfi (1981-1982)
 * Abderrazak Ayoub (1982-1984)
 * Hamed Khanfir (1984-1987)
 * Mohamed Fadhel Khelil (1987-1988)
 * Mohamed Belhaj (1988-1990)
 * Slaheddine El Abed (1990-1993)
 * Mohamed Belghith (1993-1995)
 * Abdallah Hadroug (1995-1996)
 * Habib Ben Gamra (1996-2000)
 * Ali Ksiksi (2000-2004)
 * Mahmoud Bellalouna (2004-2005)
 * Hédi Slim (2005-2010)
 * Mohamed Faouzi Ben Arab (28 July 2010-30 December 2010)
 * Mohamed Ben Abdallah (30 December 2010-2 February 2011)
 * Béchir Kthiri (2 February 2011-22 February 2012)
 * Mohamed Sidhom (22 February-27 October 2012)
 * Samir Rouihem (27 October 2012 -24 October 2013)
 * Néjib Khabbouchi (24 October 2013 -9 Abril 2015)
 * Habib Skandrani (9 Abril 2015 -16 September 2016)
 * Akrem Sebri (16 September 2016 -29 October 2017)
 * Mohamed Sedki Bouaoun (29 October 2017 -13 February 2019)
 * Ali Marmouri (13 February 2019 -17 March 2022 )
 * Samir Kouka (6 June 2022 Present)