User:Elisepelise/sandbox

= Jüri Jaama = Jüri Jaama (December 29th 1936 Tallinn - August 8th 2004 Tallinn) was an Estonian architect, member and chairman of Estonian Association of Architects and head architect of Tallinn.

Biography
Born to the family of a bank official.

Graduated from Tallinn Secondary School No 2. in 1955.

After high school Jaama entered the faculty of Civil Engineering in Tallinn Polytechnical Institute for Civil and Industrial Engineering. During his third year there, Jaama changed to the second year in the faculty of Architecture in the State Art Institute of the Estonian SSR. He received his diploma and architectural qualification in 1963. The same year he joined the Estonian Association of Architects.

During his studies Jaama worked at “Tsentrosojuzprojekt” Tallinn branch as a technician, National Planning Institute “Eesti Tööstusprojekt” as an architect and in NPI “Eesti Projekt” as a senior architect. Since 1966 in NPI “Maaehitusprojekt” as a group manager, project head architect, department head architect and the head of the architectural planning workshop.

In the years 1978-1993 Jaama was a leading architecture official in the City Government of Tallinn. During the years 1980-1990 as the Head Architect of Tallinn and in 1990-1993 as the Head of the Tallinn Urban Planning Department.

Since 1993 Jaama worked from his own architecture bureau “Esperon”, later called Jüri Jaama Arhitektuuribüroo.

Work in the Estonian Association of Architects
During the years 1984 -1989 Jaama was the chairman of the Estonian Association of Architects. He was in charge during difficult times, when the conflict between the Association and National Building Committee was tense because of the committees policies that were deemed hostile to architecture. The conflict was resolved favourably to architects and in 1987 the State Department of Architecture was created next to the Building Committee. An important part in resolving the conflict was played by the long letter written by chairman Jaama in 1986 to the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the Chairman of the Council of Ministers. The letter described the tense relationship between the architects and the Building Committee — including obstacles to exhibitions, replacement of jury members appointed by the Association at competitions and other similar activities undermining the Association.

During these years the Association organised controversial exhibitions that brought about the reputation of local architecture: in 1985 in Tallinna Matkamaja, St. Peter’s Church in Riga and in 1986 at the Moscow House of Architects.

In 1987 it was the architects that were at the forefront of creating the Cultural Council of Creative Unions.

The same year the Association started giving out architecture awards named after the first Chairman of the Estonian Association of Architects Alar Kotli.

In 1988 the Association started its separation process from under Moscow that ended in June 27th 1989 with the proclamation of an independent creative association that was founded in 1921. With this, the Association on Estonian Architects was restored.

Architectural work
Planned modern public buildings and urban and rural housing.

Extension of the Tallinna Raadiomaja
The old Raadiomaja building by Grigori Šumovski completed in 1952 at Kreutzwaldi street got too small for its purpose in less that two decades. In 1972 the extension planned by Jüri Jaama and Ado Eigi was completed in at Gonsiori 21. The extension is one of the most impressive examples of Soviet modernism in Tallinn.

The building consists of two blocks — a slender tower and to contrast it the so-called “white hall” block with windowless walls raised on posts. On the corner of the lower block is a white sculpture of a peace dove by Riho Kuld. The old and new buildings are connected by a long gallery that starts from the tower block.

Perhaps the most powerful ribbed facade in Tallinn has been designed on the tower block of the Uus Raadiomaja building. Due to circumstances metal ribs were replaced with reinforced concrete ribs. The protruding white ribbing and black glazed surfaces leave different impressions depending on the direction of looking. From Gonsiori street the building looks like it has a white facade while looking from Kreutzwaldi street the facade seems glossy black. The building is a good example of the ingenuity of architects during Soviet times — with dire selection of materials the architects had to come up with creative solutions. Instead of toned glasses the architects used regular 4 mm bright glass and behind it an eternit boards that were painted black.

The interior architecture was created by Ado Eigi and Aate-Heli Õun. The pride of the White Hall is Enn Põldroos’ mosaic “Raadiolill.”

In 2014 the renovated Uus Raadiomaja (renovation lead by architect Andres Kask) was re-opened. Unfortunately the original concrete ribbing has been replaced with narrower aluminum ones. As a result, the building has lost its uniqueness.

Terraced house "Kuldrannake"
The terraced house built it 1971 for Pärnu KEK is one of the first neo-functional houses in Estonia, representing the transition from cornice architecture. The building comprises of five 4-room apartments.

Due to the limited area of the plot, the terraced houses do not have gardens so typical for terraced houses. The rectangular building is articulated by the protruding ends of the transverse walls and the alteration of two different materials — plaster and wood. Distinctive features are the balconies (a spacious balcony that opens to the living room and forms an awning for the entrance and additional two balconies in front of the bedrooms). Kuldrannake is one of the few 3-story terraced houses.

Kakumäe village, Pajusti
A new experimental collective farm type planned in 1974 in Maaehitusprojekt. The village is 12 hectares. Completed in 1985, the village consists of twenty houses. Several different types of houses were used and construction started up from several directions at once. The aim was to create a simulation of scattered settlements — individual houses are located around small hills. So while giving the impression of privacy the houses are still fairly close together. The one-storey houses on the Northern side with low gabled roofs and adjoining annexes are planned by Jüri Jaama.

Important projects

 * Participated in the design of standardised housing I-318 in the author collective of NPI “Eesti Projekt” 1963 [1][2]
 * Extension of the service blocks of Pärnu Stadium (Ranna pst. 2) 1960s [14]
 * Extension of Tallinna Raadiomaja (With Ado Eigi)1965
 * Reconstruction of Glehni Castle (With Arpad Andreller) 1966
 * K/K “Saare Kaluri” club-gym-office in Kuressaare 1967
 * Pärnu KEK administrative building(Savi st, Pärnu) (With Andres Ringo) 1968
 * Pärnu Rannakohvik (Ranna pst. 3) new extension 1970
 * Pärnu KEK (With Andres Ringo) (Savi st, Pärnu) 1971
 * Terraced houses “Kuldrannake” for Pärnu KEK (Papli 10a, Pärnu) (With Andres Ringo) 1971
 * Watertower-apartment building in Tabasalu, Harjumaa 1973
 * Collective farming village type Kakumäe Village (Pajusti, Vinni) 1974 [16]
 * Apartment building in Tabasalu, Harjumaa1982
 * Academic and residential buildings for Olustvere Technical School (With Krista Karu)1985

Publications
“Koolide spordiehitused” Arvo Jaama, Jüri Jaama, Ivo Jürviste