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Cervical Effacement

PubMed Article

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Surgeries and procedures

 * Uses (or Medical uses if clarification is required)
 * Contra-indications
 * Risks/Complications

Pharmacologic
Oxytocin is one of the most commonly used medications for cervical effacement. It is a natural hormone that can be given as an infusion to either start or increase uterine contractions. Epidurals are often used together for pain. Oxytocin may also be used in the setting of amniotomy as well as balloon catheters to further contractions. Misoprostol is a medication that can cause contractions for cervical effacement. When used with balloon catheters, vaginal delivery was more likely to occur within the next 24 hours after initiation.
 * Oxytocin
 * Misoprostol
 * Dinoprostone

Non-Pharmacologic

 * Herbal

Red raspberry leaves and primrose oil

Surgical

 * Amniotomy

Amniotomy is a procedure where a hook is inserted into the amniotic membranes to puncture, causing the fluid to drain from the amniotic sac that holds the fetus.

=== Mechanical ===


 * Balloon Catheter

Balloon Catheters are catheters that can be inserted into the cervix in the setting of pregnancy to induce labor. Saline is used to inflate the balloon, causing increased pressure to the cervix, which in turn, induces labor.

Hygroscopic dilator is a dilator that is inserted into the cervix and expands in size as it absorbs genital tract moisture. They can also be used for early termination of pregnancy.
 * Hygroscopic Dilator

According to a study conducted in Japan from 2012-2014, the rate of delivery of women at term seemed to be equivalent between the group that used ballon catheter and that of the hygroscopic dilator.