User:Ellagrace25/sandbox

 -Articles that Could Use Work for Future Paper (Future of Antibiotic Resistance) 

Antibiotic misuse


 * This article could use more detailed information.
 * There are many information gaps missing and could use more verified history.
 * The lead or beginning article could use more information because it is a fairly large article, but that paragraph is weak.

Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis


 * This could be a good example of a resistant bacteria, but it could use more information.
 * This article had much of its information removed due to copyright and plagiarism issues.
 * Wikipedia has deemed this a "starter article," which would be a good article for me to make a lot of changes.

= Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis = From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation		Jump to search

Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis (TDR-TB) is a generic term for tuberculosis strains that are resistant to a wider range of drugs than strains classified as extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. TDR-TB has been identified in three countries; India, Iran, and Italy. '''The term was first presented in 2006, in which it showed that TB was resistant to many second line drugs and possibly all the medicines used to treat the disease. Lack of testing made it unclear which drugs the TDR-TB were resistant to.''' The emergence of TDR-TB has been documented in four major publications.[1] [2] [3] [4] However, it is not recognised by the World Health Organization. '''This is because the term defined as "totally drug resistant," has not been applied to the disease of tuberculosis. Certain strains of TB have not been properly tested to be deemed as resistant due to lack of in vitro testing. '''

TDR-TB has resulted from further mutations within the bacterial genome to confer resistance, beyond those seen in XDR- and MDR-TB. Development of resistance is associated with poor management of cases. Drug resistance testing occurs in only 9% of TB cases worldwide. Without testing to determine drug resistance profiles, MDR- or XDR-TB patients may develop resistance to additional drugs.[2] TDR-TB is relatively poorly documented, as many countries do not test patient samples against a broad enough range of drugs to diagnose such a comprehensive array of resistance. The United Nations' Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases has set up a TDR Tuberculosis Specimen Bank to archive specimens of TDR-TB.[5]

'''There have many a few examples of cases throughout many countries like India, Iran, and Italy. Cases of TDR-TB have also been reported in the United States. The first case was found in a young man from Peru named Oswaldo Juarez. Juarez was in the United States for school and to study the English language. About a year later he was voluntarily sent to A.G. Holley State Hospital. They treated him with unconventional drugs that are not usually used for TB in extremely high doses. He stayed in hospital for over nineteen months, but left cured of TB. '''

Atibiotic prophylaxis


 * This article talks about the feed used for livestock that contains certain antibiotics.
 * This article is lacking information and could use citations.