User:Emilycrawford18/Marxist criminology

Furthermore, if anomie (the feeling one has when there is no longer any type of regulation or predictability in one’s life ) is a primary cause of crime, there should be a theory to explain why only some working-class people commit crimes. According to Charles R. Tittle, anomie can be considered one of eight theories or schools that “[imply] a negative association between socioeconomic status and the probability of criminal behavior.” But if there is evidence that some individuals and, in some cases, entire groups are alienated from mainstream society, there should be detailed research into the effect that this has on society as a whole (see normlessness). In such research….

....This can cause some individuals to be at greater risk to victimization simply based on their location or even daily routine. According to Miethe and Stafford, different roles correlate to risks of victimization, and "structural changes in activity patterns influence crime rates." The three necessary elements of victimization include "motivated offenders, suitable targets, and absence of capable guardians. "

According to the Oxford dictionary, deviance can be defined as "departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behavior."

I also added links in where they were missing for William Chambliss, ruling class, and Vagrancy

Added references for my quotes and for the ones that were missing, in no particular order:


 * Tittle, C. (1983). Social Class and Criminal Behavior: A Critique of the Theoretical Foundation. Social Forces, 62(2), 334-358. doi:10.2307/257831
 * Taylor, Ian R. The new criminology : for a social theory of deviance. Walton, Paul., Young, Jock. London. ISBN 978-0-415-85586-0 . OCLC 827528457.
 * Akers, Ronald L. (1979-02-01). "Theory and Ideology in Marxist Criminology". Criminology. 16 (4): 527–544. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1979.tb01391.x. ISSN 1745-9125.
 * Miethe, Terance D.; Stafford, Mark C.; Long, J. Scott (1987). "Social Differentiation in Criminal Victimization: A Test of Routine Activities/Lifestyle Theories". American Sociological Review. 52 (2): 184–194. doi:10.2307/2095447. ISSN 0003-1224.