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Adults: Obesity in the United States
Difference Between Obesity & Overweight: Obesity is when a person has too much body fat. Overweight is due to extra body fat. Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading cause of death.

In the United States, adults between the ages of 45-54 years have the highest prevalence of obesity. The lowest self-reported obesity is adults between the ages of 18-24 years. With an obesity rate of 36.2%, the United States has the 12th highest obesity rate in the world. The state with the highest prevalence of obesity is Mississippi with an obesity rate of 40.8%. The healthiest state in America is California with the fittest residents. About 65% of adults are obese in the United States. The most obese age group in America is adults aged from 20-39 years. In most countries obesity is more prevalent in women than men. Adults with obesity are more susceptible to serious health conditions including stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and poorer mental health. Conditions related to obesity also include certain types of cancer and premature death. In the United States, the obesity prevalence was 41.9% in 2017-March of 2020. "From 1999-2000 through 2017-March 2020, US obesity prevalence increased from 30.5% to 41.9%." Severe obesity also increased from 4.7%-9.2% at this time. Compared to healthy weight adults, adults who have obesity's medical costs were $1,861 higher. The World Obesity Atlas 2022 predicts that one billion people globally will be living with obesity by 2030. It is also predicted that 51% of the population will be obese. Nearly 40% of American adults are obese and 71.6% of adults are overweight. In 2019, the annual medical cost of obesity was $173 billion in the United States. Another serious health issue related to obesity is gastrointestinal diseases. Patients with severe obesity admitted for gastrointestinal diseases increased by 17.76% per year in 2010-2014. Young, healthy weight adults had lower hospitalization rates for gastrointestinal diseases. "Furthermore, adults with no obesity had lower mortality rates for appendicitis, diverticulitis, pancreatitis and chronic liver diseases than adults with severe obesity." This data suggests that increased fat in adults is related to more hospitalizations and worse outcomes for infectious gastrointestinal diseases. Many factors play a role in obesity including child care and school environments, community, access to healthy affordable foods, and convenient places for exercise. Obesity is associated with poorer mental health and a reduced quality of life. Although many factors contribute to obesity, one of the main causes in the United States is that people are eating more calories than they are burning which is then stored as fat. "Weight gain in adults with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with higher baseline BMI, deteriorations in mental health, maladaptive eating behaviors, and less physical activity and sleep." The lockdown measures resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to weight gain maladaptive health behaviors. It was found that increases in maladaptive eating behaviors, worsening mental health, and decreases in physical activity in the earlier waves of the pandemic contributed to weight gain. The impact of COVID-19 on weight and weight-related behaviors in adults is associated with a 36%-60% increase in total food consumption.

Citations:

Almandoz, J. P., Xie, L., Schellinger, J. N., Matthew, S. M., Marroquin, E. M., Murvelashvili, N., Khatiwada, S., Kukreja, S., McAdams, C., & Messiah, S. E. (2022, June 30). Changes in body weight, health behaviors and mental health in adults with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Wiley Online Library. Retrieved October 18, 2022, from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/oby.23501

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, June 3). Defining Adult Overweight & Obesity. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 17, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/basics/adult-defining.html

Patel, A., Krishna, S. G., Patel, K., Gray, D. M., Mumtaz, K., Stanich, P. P., Hinton, A., & Hussan, H. (2022, June 15). Rising rates of severe obesity in adults younger than 50 correspond to rise in hospitalizations for non-malignant gastrointestinal disease - digestive diseases and Sciences. SpringerLink. Retrieved October 17, 2022, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10620-022-07589-3

Patel, A., Krishna, S. G., Patel, K., Gray, D. M., Mumtaz, K., Stanich, P. P., Hinton, A., & Hussan, H. (2022, June 15). Rising rates of severe obesity in adults younger than 50 correspond to rise in hospitalizations for non-malignant gastrointestinal disease - digestive diseases and Sciences. SpringerLink. Retrieved October 17, 2022, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10620-022-07589-3