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Important Work of Practitioners at Sloane Women’s Hospital
One pioneer surgeon at the women’s hospital that began looking at women’s reproduction issues was Dr. Theodore Gaillard Thomas. Dr. Thomas’s surgical work at this hospital led to the development of obstetric surgical instruments and new gynecological operations such extraperitoneal cesarean section and the removal of ovarian tumors “per viginam.” Dr. James W. McLane also developed an important obstetric instrument, Tucker-McLane forceps. The first time the Tucker- McLane forceps were used was at the Sloane Maternity Hospital in 1891 and it continued to be in Sloane Maternity Hospital practice for 30 years.

The Foundation of the Hospital
In the 1800s, there became a recognition that there was a lacking in research and training in the field of obstetrics in New York. On January 18, 1886, Dr. James W. McLane approached the College of Physicians and Surgeons Board of Trustees with this issue. He presented to the board the offer of William D. Sloane and Emily Sloane to fund the building of a maternity hospital in conjunction with the College of Physicians and Surgeons. The board accepted the offer and the building of Sloane Maternity Hospital was complete by the end of 1886. A board for the hospital consisted of "Dr. McLane as the President, Mr. Sloane as the treasurer, and Dr. Delafield as Secretary." One of the first actions of the board was to establish the Sloane Maternity Hospital as a training center for obstetrics for nurses. Miss Harriet E. Dutcher was appointed as the "Principal of the Sloane Training School." Professional staff to provide obstetrical care at the hospital was made up of Dr. Thomas, Dr. McLane, and Dr. Edward Partridge.

The Sloane Maternity Hospital was created on the basis of free obstetrical care. Due to increasing fees, the endowment of the Sloane Family could not cover all the costs. In 1897, an alternate policy was created that required patients to pay medical costs and extra fees for special accommodations, such as a private room. If the applicant for admission could not afford the care they were admitted for free.

Early Obstetrical Care at Sloane Women's Hospital
The Sloane Maternity Hospital was originally created to focus solely on obstetrical care and would refer all gynecological patients to the Vanderbilt Clinic. Dr. McLane recorded the early obstetrical care at Sloane Maternity Hospital in his report "Report on the First Series of One Thousand Successive Confinements from January 1st, 1988 to October 1st, 1890 at Maternity Hospital." The hospital implemented the use of carbolic acid to clean the lying-in wards and banned the use of straw beds to create sanitary conditions for the patients. The procedure of a delivery consisted of rectal anema and vaginal douche before the birth, delivery of the baby while the mother was on her side, and a final vaginal douche after the placenta was delivered. After birth, maternal care consisted of vaginal sutures with silk worm gut, a transfusion of ergot to prevent bleeding, and bed rest until 9 days after the delivery. Of the first 1000 deliveries performed at the hospital, only 6 resulted in maternal death of which 2 deaths were attributed to placenta praevia . The procedures performed in the first 1000 cases were 12 inductions of labor, 83 deliveries with forceps, 14 cases of version, 3 cases of craniotomy, and 14 treatments of postpartum hemorrhage.

Case histories of early obstetrical care at Sloane Women's Hospital included a patient delivering a child with encapholitis, a patient with a prolapsed funis and eclamptic seizures delivering twins, a patient with version, and a patient with a contracted pelvis. The detailed case histories of the patients revealed many tools and techniques used including: cephalotripsy, the use of chloroform as an anesthetic, the use of opium for pain treatment, the use of a Barnes' dilator, the Crede's maneuver, and bougie labor induction.

Early Sloane Woman's Hospital Training
Upon its foundation and in coordination with Columbia P & S, Sloane Women's Hospital became an obstetrical student training center. In 1890, the clinical training of P & S students started out with a few students. The program gradually increased in sized with 225 students attending in 1895. The instruction consisted of lectures by Dr. McLane, Dr. Partridge, and Dr. Tuttle as well as patient observation, patient examination, and performing delivering. Topics covered in the lectures included cause of abortion, "albuminuria of pregnancy," abnormalities of labor, obstructed labor, and breech labor. In 1894, the College of Physicians and Surgeons announced that they would be holding summer courses at Sloane Maternity Hospital for physicians and medical students. For a fee of $50, the student would be provided a dormitory, forty lessons on obstetrical operations, observation of births at the hospital, and teachings on how to treat new born infants.

The early success of the hospital is highlighted by the several generations of obstetrical and gynecological medical students, nurses, graduate physicians that is have trained and produced. With the works of the medical practitioners, the hospital was able to develop a frontier into research of woman’s reproduction.