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(more edits to endangered orangutan article)

There are other methods that have been put in place to conserve the current orangutan population, these include research and monitoring, land and water protection, species management, education to create awareness, international legislation, and international management and trade controls. Additionally, some organisations that work to conserve the population of orangutans have put in efforts to work alongside palm oil companies and local governments to prevent further habitat loss. For example in 2011 a tri-party agreement was signed by one of the world’s largest palm oil producers Wilmar International, Central Kalimantan government, and Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF). The agreement was formed with the aim to provide long-term protection for Bornean orangutans, including monitoring palm oil plantation methods, establishing areas where orangutans can be protected, relocating abandoned individuals and providing training to plantation workers on how to manage orangutans and avoid conflict. World Wild Life (WWL) is in collaboration with TRAFFIC in attempts to stop orangutan trafficking and trading by enforcing strict rules and regulations through the governments, as well as rescuing orangutans that have been trafficked and releasing them back in the wild once they have been rehabilitated in refuges.

This is harmful because humans then hunt and perform illegal pet tradings due to the exposure.

(possible edits to endangered orangutan article)

Deforestation in Sumatra and Borneo is the primary reason for the endangerment of all species of orangutans. Timber is extracted from these areas for the production of palm oil, paper, and pulp. Majority of the logging is illegal, and with the rapid expansion of the palm oil industry, extraction rates have exponentially increased over the past 40 years. Deforestation is extremely dangerous for orangutans because the forest is their habitat and the trees play a large part in their lives. With more and more trees being cut down, their habitat is being destructed, leaving them more exposed to human life. This is especially harmful because humans then hunt and perform illegal pet tradings, demonstrating that deforestation leads to the killing of orangutans by humans.

Poaching
The illegal poaching of orangutans is the second largest factor contributing towards population decline. Orangutans are viewed as easy targets, according to hunters, because of their typically large size and lack of speed. Sumatran, Tapanuli and Bornean orangutans are killed at a high rate for many reasons, the most common being the trade of meat or because farmers believe they are a threat to their crops. A survey conducted by experts in the field reported that orangutans were killed for both conflict and non-conflict related reasons. According to the survey, 56% of people who had reported to have previously killed an orangutan did so to eat it. Out of the reasons related to conflict, the most common was killing orangutans out of fear or in an act of self defense. This research article states that other reasons for the poaching of orangutans include being paid to kill, traditional medicine, being killed to take infants to sell on the black market, sport hunting, or being killed accidentally as the hunters had the intention of poaching other animals. A national geographic survey revealed that “between 750 and 1,790 Bornean orangutans are killed each year in Kalimantan”, which largely outnumbers the annual birth rate. The poaching of orangutans is directly related to rates of deforestation. Those who grow and maintain palm oil plantations kill orangutans at a high rate if they habituate within their crops, therefore as deforestation rates rise, poaching rates subsequently grow. Orangutans often interfere with these crops, however, to look for food to eat since they often cannot find food in the forest.

Over the past few decades, the rate of orangutan poaching has increased significantly due to the discovery of more efficient weapons and methods of killing, such as the use of poisons, AK-47s and explosives. Poaching is predominately conducted by plantation workers or villagers who consume and sell orangutan meat, many of which believe contains medicinal benefits.