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Article Draft for Horse and Humans Research Foundation (HHRF) Below

Overview
Horses and Human Research Foundation (HHRF) is a non-profit organization, based in Chagrin Falls, Ohio. They support the sustained investment of rigorous and ethical research and educational initiatives in the equine assisted therapy and equine assisted services industry.

Mission
HHRF’s Primary purpose is to enhance an understanding of the ability of horse-human interactions to improve the quality of human and equine life. The HHRF mission is to fund research endeavors for equine assisted services in order to expand global knowledge of how horses and other equines impact human health and well-being. In addition to funding peer-reviewed research, HHRF also provides educational experiences and facilitates collaborative partnerships.

History
HHRF was founded by Molly Sweeney in 2002 with the intention of developing a plan for promoting research in the field of equine-assisted activities and therapies. In early 2005, the Horses and Humans Research Foundation attained 501(c)3 nonprofit status, contracted a project manager and established a central office in Cleveland, Ohio. HHRF received a significant gift, offered anonymously as a challenge fund, matching dollar for dollar any donor’s contribution. HHRF awarded its first grant in late 2006 to a project led by a team from the University of St. Louis.

Today, HHRF is composed of board members, volunteers, subcommittees, advocates, donors, and researchers from around the world. Dr Pebbles Turbeville currently serves as the director for HHRF. HHRF has provided over $655,000 of full or partial funding for over 14 independent, peer-reviewed research studies performed in the United States, Canada and Germany.

Some of HHRF's recent Endeavors include:


 * Awarding one or more large 18 month grants per year for research in therapeutic value, cerebral palsy, physical and occupational therapy, treatment viability for autism and military vets with PTSD, and other equine related topics.
 * Launching a smaller grant program for Innovative Research, which provides up to $10,000 in funding for a pilot study in the field of equine assisted services, and allows for newer researchers and doctoral students as well as established researchers to enter the field of equine assisted service research.
 * Partnering with HETI to study the feasibility of creating one research platform for equine assisted services to rely on.
 * Hosting educational Webinars virtually.
 * Running a Match $20 donation fundraising campaign in 2020.

Funded Research
HHRF has been providing funding for research in the equine assisted services industry since 2006, and has dedicated over $650,000 to the funding of over 14 separate research endeavors. The following is a list of peer-reviewed research that has been wholly or partially funded by HHRF. (Note: these are listed by the year funding was awarded, not by publication of paper.)

2019 Awarded Grant
Psychophysiological effects of Equine-assisted therapy on horses and in veterans diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (Research currently in progress by Laurie McDuffee, DVM, PhD, DACVS at Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada).

2018 Awarded Grant
Peters, B. C., Wood, W., Hepburn, S., & Merritt, T. (2021). The feasibility and acceptability of occupational therapy in an equine environment for youth with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101695.

2017 Awarded Grant
Lightsey, P., Lee, Y., Krenek, N. et al. (2021). Physical therapy treatments incorporating equine movement: a pilot study exploring interactions between children with cerebral palsy and the horse. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation,18, 132. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-021-00929-w.

2016 Awarded Grants
Shields, M., Kemeny, E., Gramlich, C., Hutchins, D., & Burk, S. (2019). The effect of grooming and therapeutic riding by adolescents with autism spectrum disorder on equine salivary cortisol concentrations. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 76, 129–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.03.208.

Kemeny, B., Burk, S., Hutchins, D., & Gramlich, C. (2022). Therapeutic riding or mindfulness: Comparative effectiveness of two recreational therapy interventions for adolescents with autism. Journal of Autism and Development Disorders, 52, 2438–2462 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05136-z.

2015 Awarded Grant
Merkies, K., McKechnie, M. J., & Zakrajsek, E. (2018). Behavioural and physiological responses of therapy horses to mentally traumatized humans. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 205, 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2018.05.019.

2014 Awarded Grants
Lanning, B. A., Wilson, A., Woelk, R. & Beaujean, A. (2018). Therapeutic horseback riding as a complementary intervention for military service members with PTSD. Human-animal interaction bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1079/hai.2018.0013  .

Lanning, B. A., Wilson, A. L., Krenek, N., & Beaujean, A. A. (2017). Using therapeutic riding as an intervention for combat veterans: an international classification of  functioning, disability, and health (icf) approach. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 33(3), 259–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/0164212X.2017.1283282.

2013 Awarded Grant
Mueller, M. K., & McCullough, L. (2017). Effects of equine-facilitated psychotherapy on post-traumatic stress symptoms in youth. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(4), 1164–1172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0648-6.

2012 Awarded Grant
Johnson, R. A., Albright, D. L., Marzolf, J. R., Bibbo, J. L., Yaglom, H. D., Crowder, S. M., Carlisle, G. K., Willard, A., Russell, C. L., Grindler, K., Osterlind, S., Wassman, M., & Harms, N. (2018). Effects of therapeutic horseback riding on post-traumatic stress disorder in military veterans. Military Medical Research, 5(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-018-0149-6.

2011 Awarded Grant
Ajzenman, H. F., Standeven, J. W., & Shurtleff, T. L. (2013). Effect of hippotherapy on motor control, adaptive behaviors, and participation in children with autism spectrum disorder: a pilot study. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, 67(6), 653–63. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2013.008383.

2010 Awarded Grants
Riedel, M. (2014). Medien & Materialien: Henri Julius, Andrea Beetz, Kurt Kotrschal, Dennis Turner, Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg: Bindung zu Tieren. Psychologische und neurobiologische Grundlagen tiergestützter Interventionen. mensch & pferd international, 6(4), 187-188. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2378/mup2014.art26d.

Silkwood-Sherer, D.J. & McGibbon, N. H. (2022) Can hippotherapy make a difference in the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy? A pragmatic study. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 38(3), 390-400. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2020.1759167.

Silkwood-Sherer, D. J., Killian, C. B., Long, T. M., & Martin, K. S. (2012). Hippotherapy--an intervention to habilitate balance deficits in children with movement disorders: a clinical trial. Physical Therapy, 92(5), 707–17. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20110081.

Champagne, D., Corriveau, H., & Dugas, C. (2017). Effect of hippotherapy on motor proficiency and function in children with cerebral palsy who walk. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 37(1), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942638.2015.1129386.

2008 Awarded Grant
Bass, M. M., Duchowny, C. A., & Llabre, M. M. (2009). The effect of therapeutic horseback riding on social functioning in children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(9), 1261–1267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0734-3.

2006 Awarded Grant
Shurtleff, T. L., Standeven, J. W., & Engsberg, J. R. (2009). Changes in dynamic trunk/head stability and functional reach after hippotherapy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(7), 1185–1195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026.

Research Impact
HHRF funded research articles cumulatively have been accessed 77,804 individual times. These articles have been cumulatively cited in other research 1,936 times. The most accessed and cited article is:

Bass, M. M., Duchowny, C. A., & Llabre, M. M. (2009). The effect of therapeutic horseback riding on social functioning in children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(9), 1261–1267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0734-3

which has been cited by 861 other researchers and accessed over 23,000 times (Data collected from google scholar, Spring 2023).