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 The political, social and cultural history of the 1920s and 1930s 

The 1920s is a period marked with dramatic social and political change. It is mostly referred to as the Jazz Age. It is a period marked with great economic boon. Many people in this period lived in cities compared to farms. Modern culture is considered to have taken root in this period. It is also during this period that women in America were enfranchised. Average lifespan was lower in that age and students spent half the time they spend in school today. The 1930s was the complete opposite of the 20s. It began with the fall of the stock market in 1929 which marked the beginning of the Great Depression. The 1930s was also the period when the Dust Bowl hit America which damaged agriculture and ecology. It was also a period marked with great unemployment and great need for relief. The 1920s prosperity came to an end in the 1930s, it was the end of the Jazz Age and the beginning of the historic Great Depression which persisted for a decade.

The New Deal

The New Deal was enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he took office in 1933. It was a series of projects, programs, financial reforms and regulations that he enacted. His primary goal when enacting these reforms was to stabilize the economy, to respond to needs for relief and to restore prosperity to Americans. The New Deal was a response to the Great Depression which began with the crash of the stock market of 1929 and the 1930 Dust Bowl which was a period of dust storms that damaged the agriculture and ecology of the Canadian and American prairies.

In the period around 1933 and 1939 President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced a couple of New Deal projects such as Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), Civil Works Administration (CWA), Farm Security Administration (FSA), Social Security Administration (SSA) and the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA). These projects helped farmers, youth, the elderly and the unemployed. Despite all the efforts by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Great Depression continued. Many Americans were still unemployed, and the economy remained unstable. In 1935 President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced a more aggressive ‘second New Deal.’ This New Deal was a series of more aggressive series of federal programs.

The New Deal ended with the economy slipping into recession and also the beginning of World War II which stimulated the American industry and also ended the Great Depression.