User:Etnrod/sandbox

Article Evaluation
Experiential Education

Describes the process that occurs between a teacher and student that infuses direct experience Outdoor education Service-learning

Experiential Education vs Hands on learning

The article, on the top mentions it needs additional citation. A lot of the citations have dates that are older than 20 years old. It may need to be updated. The citations come from books and seem reliable. I would need to do more research on the subject to see if I can add to it. It states that experiential learning is better than passive learning without providing concrete evidence. In that sense, it does not seem to be neutral.

'''More detail is needed. (DB) 4/5'''

Article Selection
Education in Puerto Rico

Notes:Article has multiple issues with citations and formatting. Information may be out of date.

Experiential Education

Notes: Article needs addidtional citation.

Experiential Learning

Notes: Not biases. Shows citations. Does not seem outdated. No issues found, may be difficult to improve.

Education in Latin America

Notes: Information may be outdated. Some statistics mentioned do not have a date associated with when they were taken. There is a section (Student Opportunities and Future Challenges) that is written as more as an argument that states the author's feelings and shows bias.

'''More detail is needed. (DB) 3.5/5'''

***4/5 based on additional reflection in sandbox (DB)***

Research Question Reflection
Education in Puerto Rico

Who is impacted? People in Puerto Rico or of Puerto Rican descent.

Aspect of interest? The influence the United States has had on the Education system in Puerto Rico.

When? Historical period where Puerto Rico has been a colony of the United States.

(1898-present)

Where? Puerto Rico

What effect has the status of Puerto Rico, in relation to United States, had on its culture and education?

'''These are good reflections--now just be sure that these are areas that need to be addressed in your chosen article. (DB) 5/5'''

History
The Foraker act of 1900 established the commissioner of education in Puerto Rico and created the department of public education. The commissioner of education was appointed by the President of the United States. The commissioner of education led efforts to impose US culture on the people in Puerto Rico. The education system was designed using guidelines set forth by the United States. English-language instruction was imposed on schools, until 1939 where Spanish was made the official language of instruction. English is currently taught as a second language beginning from first grade and continuing straight through senior year of High School.

Following principles of the US constitution, separation of church from state, public school education became independent of religious instruction. The teaching of US history, replacing Puerto Rican historical figures with American ones, reciting the pledge of allegiance, and the celebrating American holidays were means to Americanize students on the island. Americanization was meant to generate support for US colonialism. The United States founded schools and trained both US and Puerto Rican teachers in education. Puerto Rican teachers were sent to the United States to receive training. In the island, US teachers would train Puerto Rican teachers. By 1913, the US government had invested 14 million dollars on public education in the island and 1,050 schools had been built in rural areas.

Merge(my draft and existing article)
Education in Puerto Rico is overseen by the Department of Education of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rico Education Council. The Department oversees all elementary and secondary public education while the Council oversees all academic standards and issues licenses to educational institutions wishing to operate or establish themselves in Puerto Rico.

Instruction in Puerto Rico is compulsory between the ages of five and 18, which comprises the elementary and high school grades. Students in Puerto Rico may attend either public or private schools. As of 2013, the island had 1,460 public schools, 764 private schools, 606,515 K-12 students, 64,335 vocational students, and 250,011 university students.

The literacy rate of the Puerto Rican population is 93%; when divided by gender, this is distributed as 92.8% for males and 93.8% for females. According to the 2000 Census, 60.0% of the population attained a high school degree or higher level of education, and 18.3% has a bachelor's degree or higher.

History
The first school in Puerto Rico was the Escuela de Gramática (Grammar School). The school was established by Bishop Alonso Manso in 1513, in the area where the Cathedral of San Juan was to be constructed. The school was free of charge and the courses taught were Latin language, literature, history, science, art, philosophy and theology.

The concept of public school wasn't used on the island until 1739; an official education system was created in 1865. At the time, attendance was compulsory until age 9. Public Education was organized into 500 centers by 1897.

Laws passed in 1899 required education in Puerto Rico to consist of a public system for ages six to eighteen, to limit the student/teacher ratio to 50:1, and to be coed. The 1900 Department of Public Instruction became the Department of Education in 1989.