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INFLUENTIAL MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES AND SUSTAINABLE INITIATIVE ON HOUSING AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT BY SEYIFA DAUTARI EZETU

A REQUEST TO SHELL NIGERIA LIMITED IN FULFULLING THE REQUIREMENT FOR PROVIDING LOW COST HOUSING BY

RESEARCH DESIGN

ONUS CONSULTUM AND RESEARCH GROUP e-mail- onus consultium@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT House is a basic need for man, House after food is one thing man expects to have as a necessity. A World Bank report stated that for the issue of housing to be properly addressed in the country, a minimum of one million housing units should be built annually, which simply means that the housing situation in the country would continue to grow from bad to worse if this is not done. And this will bring about challenges to sustainable housing and urban/rural development, if effective actions are not put in place to arrest this situation in time. A recently published report on Nigeria indicated that the annual urban population growth rate is 5.8percent, while the national population growth is 2.8 percent The urbanization rate has resulted in a total population of 62.6million and 43 percent of the population which has created severe housing problems resulting in over-crowding, inadequate dwellings, deplorable urban environment and public infrastructures. Homelessness brings about increase in poverty and social vices among several others. The need to provide affordable houses to Nigerians should not be left on policies and paper work only. But serious actions must be carried out to make it a dream come through.

KEY WORDS: INFLUENTIAL, MOTIVATIONAL, STRATEGIES,HOUSING,RURAL DEVELOPMENT.

INTRODUCTION As I said earlier House is the second basic need of man after food providing accommodation for people in the World at large has been a challenge to World leaders. My area of concentration or case of studywill be Nigeria in reflect to other developing countries example Singapore and mention few. Nigeria has been pursuing an integrating approach in providing houses for her citizen by participating with International development partners to provide affordable housing. These efforts nonetheless, have yielded no appreciable result as existing realities show a lot of disparities in official approach along this direction In response to this issue, this paper attempts to give solution to the challenges of housing situation in Nigeria. This paper will provide recommendations, preparatory preview, review of issue and assumption of project, reliability of project, validity of project case study and presentation and analysis of findings.

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS Bode Adediji, President of Nigeria Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers (NIESV) and also a member of Vision20-2020, took a look at the housing Industry in Nigeria and instated that the problem of housing in Nigeria was created by the colonial masters who did not consider housing deliveryimportant. According to him, the colonial masters were only interested in exporting Nigeria’s mineral resources to their home country instead of putting infrastructures on ground. Courtesy of the pre-independent and post-independent era on housing byBodeAdediji

HOUSING UNDER THE COLONIALMASTERS The starting point in discussing the housing in this country is to look at where we were in the pre-independence, where we are now and where we ought to be. The period before independence, it was clear that housing delivery system in Nigeria was virtually non-existent to the extent that the conscious effort on the part of the colonial masters was centered around catering for the top civil servants and the expatriates there was no need for them to think of mass housing because more than 80 percent of the people they were governing were residing in the rural areas and there were no pressure from any quarter to essentially direct their attention for the need to cater for the masses in terms of housing. That was understandable, the major plan of governance then was to be able to have access to the sources of raw materials, which they were transporting to their home country. HOUSING AT THE EARLY DAYS OF INDEPENDENCE When Nigeria became independent, the three regional government began to become sensitive to the housing problem of the masses. That was what led to the Lagos Executive Development board, which created housing estates in placeslike Surulere, Ikeja and so on. There were also similar initiatives in the Eastern and in the Northern parts of the country. But even at that point in time the major target were the civil servants that were to cater for their housing needs. However, all those efforts became insignificant for two reasons. The first was the growth in population as well as the mass migration of people from the rural to urban centers. It was the aftermath of this crisis starring government in the face that actually served as impetus to begin to think consciously about how to house the people. Based on that, they began to see housing becoming essential aspect of the national development plan. Now, look at what we have done between then and now, Nigeria, I must confess, has succeded in term of policy formulation and enactment but as far as translating all these into action. We have failed woefully and there is no other area to point out our failure than to look at the current housing deficit hovers around 16 million for the entire country. Also, look at the fact that we have not been able to meet the majority of the targets in the millennium development goals. It is good to say that the housing delivering systems in this country has not been successful. WAY FORWARD Now, how do we go forward? The first thing we should address is to state in absolute terms that we have not been able to deliver as far as housing sector is concerned and, in comparative terms as well, we cannot compare ourselves with what other nations with far less resources than us have been able to achieve. If you look at the two issues, we will be able to pin point what are those things that we ought to have done but have refused to do? This can be itemized as follows: RECOMMENDATION As far as land tenure system is concerned, it is very germane to the housing delivery systems of any nation.wherever you have a land tenure system that is not mass oriented, you cannot have housing.If it becomes a case of a political weapon or mystified system of governance, you cannot have mass housing delivery system. If a country aspires to become self sufficient as far as housing is concerned, she must be prepared to mobilize all human and material resources over along period of time to tackle this problem frontally.

ASSUMPTION OF PROJECT We can swing into action by carrying out visibility study on areas that needs innovative Approach on housing (e.g) Less Developed Area, Disaster Proned Area that needs rebuilding and rehabilitation. This research ought to bring designs or mode on how to engage this affected communities to come in terms and agreements in partnering with relevant authority like: CSDP/Ministry of land and Housing and Urban development, Private Investors, Mortgage Bank etc. The whole issue is to make sure that there should be an acceptable and reliable implementation of the scheme proposed. In this case the objective is clear partnering with communities in providing low cost housing. ILLUSTRATIVE STEPS This highlights the recommendation of the hostcommunity/government to provide land for –relevant investors/ and to carry out this innovation. This system is a community development system initiative: For         Government Organizations Company Provision responsibility to its host community Oversight (etc) In providing affordable houses been built by beneficiaries this housing system mainly is a collective efforts on both the sponsors and beneficiaries. OBJECTIVES The objectives should be providing affordable houses for that community, city and more importantly for those in need of shelter with less cost. If you look at the magnitude of the crisis that we have in the housing sector today, you would realize that it would take more than one sector of the economy.Both private and public institutions are to actually participate in the housing delivery system. However the one that is more relevant to government is to ensure all the bottlenecks that affect smooth running of the housing delivery is removed and some policies that would encourage local production and patronage are put in place where we encourage local people to invest in the production of building materials. VALIDITY OF THIS PROJECT MATERIALS SUSTAINABILTY: If this innovation is sustained and maintained with more reasonable policies in place, I believe this will go a long way in arresting the issues of urbanization challenges and housing delivery in Nigeria because this will seek the pursuit in development harmony with government agendas in other aspect of the economy like most especially Agriculture, consequently the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas and population growth equating to urban migration will be checkmated because where there is housing ,employment provision in our rural areas and social amenities like Primary Health care there will be no reason for the people dwelling in our rural areas to move to urban areas.

REALIABILTY OF THIS REPORT The 2000 New York,United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) summit 2002, World Summit in Johannesburg and the 2005 La Havena, UN Sustainable cities Documentationof experience programmes. All of these made sustainable housing and urban development one of the central issues for deliberations, so there should be more room for assimilation and deliberations of ideas to make this project successful.

LAND USE ACT We must understand no government in this country has been sincere about the necessity to overhaul the land use act otherwise we have seen in this country in the last one year when the entire National Assembly had to convene a special plenary session to take certain decisions. This therefore goes to show that the housing problem in this country is seen as an issue of class struggle. An advice here is that we should not be looking at the problems but what actions that are fundamentals and crucial to the execution of projects that would assist us in meeting those targets, that should be what every concerned Nigerian will be contemplating no illustrative general principles.

PREPARATORY PREVIEW AND REVIEW ON STEPS TO BE TAKEN SCIENTIFIC FIELD EVALUATIONS ON PREPARATORY There have been a number of reviews on goal setting that for some unexplainable reason, fail to integrate the researched goal-setting and field efforts Which brings us to our objectives on influential motivational strategies and sustainable initiative on housing and rural development, my assumption in this project is how to swing into action. This research was made to bring designs and mode on how to engage the communitiesand government and other potential sponsors on their involvement in providing the necessary tools for this project. Emphasis has to be made by mutual understanding between the parties

1.	Objective must be clearly stated 2.	Intermediate review of objective 3.	A final review or discussion of the results with the host community, there should be careful preparation of participants so everyone knows their roles inthis housing project (Eg) Sentence – to motivate individuals / organisation

Off the project 			on the project

STEP ONE Earlier highlighted this recommends the provision of land by the host community or by government for relevant investors/developers to carry out this innovation, this system is a community initiative: For government-company provision responsibility to its host community over sights (etc) It should be inform of interaction and note, this can also be initiated in National Housing Scheme not solely on community because the main objective here is that people will be encouraged to build their houses with relevant donors providing tools and human resources while the beneficiaries will be involved in labour and man power example: if we have hundred beneficiaries hundred houses will be built simultaneously. STEP TWO Materials can be sourced locally and can be bought if the need arise but the cost will be drastically low the donors will spend less in providing tools, materials and human resources we have 5-10 builders on ground or even more on contract basis. STEP THREE LINKS Making of blocks or bricks manually will take a long time to complete this project and on the other hand will also delay the workforce. So we suggest every produce must be on mass production especially the bricks or blocks making them to make the project a successful one, we recommend brick/block making on this aspect, so this is where we canrely on companies that deals on this:like Hydra Form who will showcase their products and even partner with this project. The machines are in different range that can fit into this project. •	It is a mobile machine diesel powered •	They can produce 1,500 blocks/bricks a day. •	It is an interlocking soil cement blocks we don’t need sands if possible to make them and we can source for soil anywhere by reducing cost on cement and sand. It require minimal mortal,they have accessories that comes with each machines 1.	Optional extra spores 2.	Block cutters 3.	Block tester 4.	Conduit moulds 5.	Hydro pan mixer +/-100 6.	Powered by hydraulic system One of these machines is ideal for small to medium size production producing around 1,500blocks/bricks per day equivalent to 50-40 of wall while multiple machines can be used on bigger project to increase production the machine is inclusive of diesel motor (electrical available) hydraulic power pack includingcylinders,compression chamber, pre-compacting inclusive of spring axle tail light and road tyres in conclusion this machine brings about sustainable building SOURCE OF FUNDS This project can be funded by organizations, individuals and banksdepending on the magnitude of the project and its fundamentals- locations and land provision. In this case partnership can be encouraged between government and private investors and beneficiaries might or might not spend depending on the policies kept in place on spending. World banks/Mortgage banks can encourage this as their objectives in meeting their goals. Another partnership can be between CDA’s and community’s LGA, State Government and Federal Government in meeting their MDG’s oil companies and their host communities STEP FOUR •	Unit of houses must be clearly stated out to the beneficiaries before embarking on it •	Beneficiaries must make the environment conducive for this project to take off STEP FIVE This project is a community interactive project whereby the people will be involved in the partnering with the service providers on achieving this goal. STEP SIX A suggested pattern of recruitment might be observed to check and balance any fraudulent act on the side of beneficiaries and donors there will be a level field playing ground legible owners to emerge and this legible owners will provide labour and man power for the buildings. Note if we have 100 beneficiaries 100 houses will be built while the donors will provide skills and man power (Artisans) which will be on minimum or maximum depending on the magnitude of the project and been paid by the donors. STEP SEVEN Strategic plans must be put in place to achieve this laudable innovation, houses must be built simultaneously to eradicate partiality in division of labour and encourage team work and team spirit. STEP EIGHT Other unforeseen plans can be made during the project and new ideas can be adapted to make it the project a success. FINANCIAL IMPLICATION This idea mainly is for government or companies and private co-operations to partner in providing the necessary (tools) to each community, supervised by relevant authority or communities that will be setting up for this project. The procedure will sought of each beneficiary will be involved in this building project by providing man power in setting up these houses. (e.g) if we have hundred beneficiaries we will build approximately hundred beneficiaries (i.e group building) SOURCES OF MATERIAL Economically,this is a major way in curbing cost whereby, materials will be sourced locally except for the cement, brick machine, roofs. and rest of material like sand or mud in this case can be sourced locally and other dividends attached to this project will be visible like building plan, setting social amenities like schools, clinics, police station, church or mosque, markets etc. all these will be built by the host community while the government or relevant authority will provide resource person in carrying out the project. SIGNIFICANT OF THIS PROJECT 1.	Housing partnership between host community and relevant authority. 2.	Empowering residence to have a standard way of living. 3.	Urbanization challenges on housing will be ineffective (whereby movement of people from rural areas to urban areas will be checkmate). 4.	Encouraging rural development 5.	It will bring about social welfare to resident in rural areas.

KEY NOTE: 1.	This system should not generate much paper work/aside of the house plan paper work to work with 2.	Overnight results should not be expected ,because of it’s complex nature and time frame, past experience has shown that concrete results probably will not be seen or visible until eighteen to twenty four months into the project which will take a long time to cover. You can only start seeing the success after compilation of project in a given area. 3.	Emphasis must be clearly stated on the objective and goals which when attained benefit both the government, organization and the community (i.e all parties involved) 4.	A flexible and adaptable system should be unattained as system is used new and different factor should learnt and evaluated, be prepared to add or delete components of the systems as time progress. 5.	Top management support commitment and involvement is mandatory. 6.	Differences in units, department and functions is essential beneficiaries should know their task and sponsors should also know their task

MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGY This is needed to set up drives aimed at incentives, in recognition of the task ahead.

NEED				DRIVE			INCENTIVES

There should be zeal to embark on this project and government should emphasize on aggressive way of tackling the housing issues. I believe this recommendation will go a long way in solving our housing issues in Nigeria and the World at large.

Motivational strategy is very important in placing/enacting seriousness and commitment on projects.

The government, CDA, Oil Company, host community and Organization can partner. This project can be also sponsored individually because it’s clearly illustrated and strategies are put in place for smooth sailing. THE SIGNIFICANCE

1.	This will eliminate illegal structures and encourage planning our environment 2.	It will bring about other harmonious project in place e.g schools, health care, market. 3.	It will be use in promoting green house (less use of energy) 4.	Structures will be provided for adequate drainage system, electricity, gas line etc. 5.	It will reflect on the behavioural patterns of the citizen in living orderly. 6.	Good refuse system will be encouraged 7.	It will curb environmental menace and degradation. CONCLUSION This study and innovations on influential motivational strategiesand sustainable initiative on housing and rural development was a result of the housing challenges and setbacks faced by the Government and it’s citizens especially in the rural area a case study on the shortage of housing challenges in Singapore. The findings in this study reveal that shortage of housing effectiveness can be solved between two variables; that is the government and the masses Secondly, this findings revealed that a positive relationship between the two variable in question the donors and beneficiaries can be established on the cause of building recommendations were made towards enhancing better productivity.